Hepatoprotective effects of diethylcarbamazine in acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

This research was carried out to determine a potential role of leukotrienes in the acute hepatotoxicity induced by CC14 in rats. An inhibitor of leukotrienes biosynthesis, diethylcarbamazine (DEC, 25 and 50 mg ·kg-1 ip) exerted hepatoprotective effects, decreasing the activity of alanine aminotransfer-ase in serum and the concentration of liver triglycerides. DEC reduced histological damage of liver evidenced by electron microscopy. The hepatoprotective effects of DEC were dose-dependent. The results favor the role of leukotrienes in CC14 hepatotoxicity.     

LDPE／CPE／炭黑三相复合导电体系的电学性能

研究了ＬＤＰＥ／ＣＰＥ／炭黑三相复合导电体系的导性能和电流－电压特性。实验结果表明复合体系具有明显的导电渗滤效应，在共混比ＬＤＰＥ／ＣＰＥ＞５０／５０时，导电性能随ＣＰＥ含量增加而显著提高，这主要是由于炭黑粒子在ＬＤＰＥ和ＣＰＥ两组分分中的分布不均匀性所致。     

内皮素-1对高血压病患者肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞钙激活钾通道活性的影响

目的　探讨内皮素 1(ET1)对高血压病患者血管平滑肌细胞KCa通道活性的影响。方法　选择高血压病患者 18例 ,血压正常者 17例 ,两组患者均于腹部手术时取肠系膜动脉小分支用酶消化法获得单个血管平滑肌细胞。以膜片钳技术检测KCa通道的活性 ,记录不同钳制电压下单通道电流的平均开放时间 (To)、平均关闭时间 (Tc)、平均开放概率 (Po)、电流幅值 (Am) ,并绘制成电流 电压关系曲线。再分别加入Ca2 + (10 -8、10 -7、10 -6mol/L)、ET1(2× 10 9mol/L、4×10 9mol/L、6× 10 9mol/L、8× 10 9mol/L)后检测To、Tc、Po、Am等参数变化。结果　①高血压病患者KCa通道活性变化 :于细胞内面向外膜片下 ,在对称性高钾液中 ,高血压病组KCa通道平均开放概率增加 ,关闭时间延长、开放时间缩短。在浴液中分别加入Ca2 + 后 ,两组KCa通道均被明显激活 ,但血压正常组Po的增加显著高于高血压病组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。②ET1对高血压病患者KCa通道活性的影响 :血压正常者在内面向外式膜片下 ,Po、Tc均先增加后降低 ,显示低浓度时兴奋、高浓度时抑制 ,然而高血压病患者肠系膜血管平滑肌KCa通道对ET1则缺乏反应。结论　高血压病患者肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞KCa通道活性明显高于血压正常者 ,但对Ca2 + 的敏感性降低。ET1对高血压病人KC     

Chrome congestive heart failure: Non-invasive measurement of cardiac output by a carbon dioxide rebreathing method at rest and during exercise

Cardiac output was measured in 11 patients undergoing routinecardiac catheterization using a carbon dioxide rebreathing techniqueand compared with cardiac output measured by direct Fick andthermodilution. The carbon dioxide rebreathing technique gaveconsistently lower values for cardiac output than the othertwo methods (mean difference –0·73, 95% CI –0·95to–0·511. min^–1 with the direct Fick and–0·72. 95% CI –1·19 to –0·261.min^–1 with thermodilution). The direct Fick and thermodilutionmethods gave similar results (mean dtfference –0·08,95% CI –0·32 to 0·16a. min^–1). Cardiacoutput was also measured in 10 healthy subjects at rest andduring two steady-state levels of exercise using the carbondioxide rebreathing technique. Measurements were made in triplicateon 3 separate days. The technique gave reproducible resultsbetween replicates at rest (coefficient of variation 91%) andbecame more reproducible on exercise (coefficients of variation56% and 54% respectively at each exercise level). There wasa good correlation between cardiac output and oxygen consumption(r=0·98 The carbon dioxide rebreathing technique is afeasible non-invasive way of measuring cardiac output. It tendsto underestimate cardiac output at rest but is reproducibleand becomes more so on exercise which is where it should beof most value.     

Inhibitory effect of activated protein C on platelet aggregation induced by the prothrombin-converting reaction

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effect on platelet aggregation of the prothrombin-converting reaction on platelets with or without activated protein C (APC). A reaction mixture of washed platelets from human individuals, Factor Xa and prothrombin markedly induced platelet aggregation; maximum aggregation rates, 31.3–92.5%, and times to reach to maximum aggregation, 11.6 to 20.1 min. This aggregation was inhibited by the addition of APC with 50% inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) value of 14.4 U/ml. APC also inhibited thrombin generation in the reaction mixture in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 0.96 U/ml. However, APC did not inhibit the thrombin (0.1 CU/ml)-induced platelet aggregation at concentrations of up to 30 U/ml. These findings suggest that APC has no direct inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and that APC inhibits platelet aggregation through inhibition of thrombin generation.     

A novel improved design for the first-generation glucose biosensor

A novel improved design for the first-generation glucose biosensor@Wang J     

小鼠背根神经节中三个不同的钙激活氯离子通道基因家族的表达(英文)

目的在背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)中等大小感觉神经元中可以观察到钙激活氯离子流(I_(Cl(Ca)))。在坐骨神经损伤模型中,在大多数大中神经元上诱导出类似的氯离子流。本文旨在探讨引起这个离子流的分子基础。方法使用常规的定量RT-PCR方法检测在DRG中三个基因家族的表达,这三个基因家族都具有诱导I_(Cl(Ca))的特点。结果在成年小鼠的DRG中,分别显示了在正常状态和坐骨神经损伤3天后CLCA,Bestrophin和Tweety基因家族成员的转录产物。结论mBestl和Tweety2可能在损伤诱导的DRG神经元I_(Cl(Ca))中发挥作用。     

野战背负式净水机的研制与应用

自行研制了一套可以背负式的野战净水机，采用脚踏为装置提供动力，采用陶瓷膜分离及KDF-活性炭吸附联合净水工艺，产水质量符合国际及军队饮用水标准。装置体积小，重量轻，携带方便，可充分满足野战、救灾用水的需求，十分适合推广。     

Cerebral perfusion during human liver transplantation

Summary. During transplantation of the liver cerebral perfusion was monitored by transcranial Doppler determined middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity (V_mean) and pulsatility index (PI) in six fulminant hepatic failure patients and 11 patients with chronic liver disease. In both groups of patients V_mean, PI and central haemodynamic variables were recorded during (1) the last preanhepatic hour; (2) the anhepatic phase; (3) the first 15 min of reperfusion; and (4) for the following 45 min of reperfusion. No significant differences were detected between the two groups of patients with respect to changes of variables with time. The V_mean (40±13 cm s^-1 [mean±SD]), thoracic electrical impedance (TI) (30±7 Ohm), heart rate (97±19 beats min^-1), mean arterial pressure (84±9 mmHg) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO₂, 4.5±0.4 kPa) remained stable in the anhepatic phase, while cardiac output (CO, 7.6±2.7 to 5.4±1.41 min^-1), stroke volume (SV, 79±26 to 56±15 ml) and PI (1.2±0.3 to 0.9±0.2) decreased (P<0.05). During reperfusion, CO (9.9±4.01 min^-1), SV (105±40 ml), Pa_CO2 (5.5±0.6 kPa), Vmean (57±17 cm s^-1) and PI (1.2±0.2) became elevated. Taken together, during the anhepatic phase of the liver transplantation a maintained central blood volume as indicated by the constant TI served for a stable blood pressure and in turn cerebral perfusion, whereas revascularization of the graft increased cerebral perfusion concomitant with an elevated carbon dioxide tension.