Recipient hypertonic saline infusion prevents cardiac allograft dysfunction

Objective

Hypertonic saline (HTS) has potent immune and vascular effects. We assessed recipient pretreatment with HTS on allograft function in a porcine model of heart transplantation and hypothesized that HTS infusion would limit endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following transplantation.

吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞转移相关基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)活性的影响

目的：探讨吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭的影响，并对可能的机制进行初步的探究。方法：将实验分为西妥昔单抗组（150 μg · mL^-1）、吉西他滨联合用药组（西妥昔单抗150 μg · mL^-1，吉西他滨2.8 μg·mL^-1）。通过MTT、Transwell实验检测联合用药对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力的影响，Western blotting实验检测合用药对MDA-MB-231细胞MMP-9、TIMP-1、p-IkB、NF-kB-p65表达水平的影响。结果：吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗作用MDA-MB-231细胞后，其生长被不同程度的抑制，抑制率随吉西他滨浓度的增加而增高（P<0.05）；联合用药组MDA-MB-231细胞迁移、侵袭数目明显减少（P<0.05），同时MMP-9、p-IkB、NF-kB-p65的表达含量降低，TIMP-1表达含量增加。结论：吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移具有抑制作用，并明显抑制MMP-9的表达，其机制可能是通过抑制NF-kB通路实现。     

Quality of decision aids developed for women at average risk of breast cancer eligible for mammographic screening: Systematic review and assessment according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument

Mammographic screening contributes to a reduction in specific mortality, but it has disadvantages. Decision aids are tools designed to support people's decisions. Because these aids influence patient choice, their quality is crucial. The objective of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of decision aids developed for women eligible for mammographic screening who have an average breast cancer risk and to assess the quality of these aids. The systematic review included articles published between January 1, 1997, and August 1, 2019, in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycInfo databases. The studies were reviewed independently by 2 reviewers. Any study containing a decision aid for women eligible for mammographic screening with an average breast cancer risk was included. Two double-blind reviewers assessed the quality of the selected decision aids using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument, version 3 (IPDASi). Twenty-three decision aids were extracted. Classification of decision aid quality using the IPDASi demonstrated large variations among the decision aids (maximum IPDASi score, 188; mean ± SD score, 132.6 ± 23.8; range, 85-172). Three decision aids had high overall scores. The 3 best-rated dimensions were disclosure (maximum score, 8; mean score, 6.8), focusing on transparency; information (maximum score, 32; mean score, 26.1), focusing on the provision of sufficient details; and probabilities (maximum score, 32; mean score 25), focusing on the presentation of probabilities. The 3 lowest-rated dimensions were decision support technology evaluation (maximum score, 8; mean score, 4.3), focusing on the effectiveness of the decision aid; development (maximum score, 24; mean score, 12.6), evaluating the development process; and plain language (maximum score, 4; mean score, 1.9), assessing appropriateness for patients with low literacy. The results of this review identified 3 high-quality decision aids for breast cancer screening.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对三阴性乳腺癌临床预后及与Ki - 67表达的影响

目的 探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio，NLR）对三阴性乳腺癌的临床预后影响及与Ki - 67表达的关系。方法 回顾性分析2006年1月 - 2012年12月于我院乳腺外科住院治疗的134例三阴性乳腺癌患者。NLR最佳临床分界值采用ROC曲线确定，并依此分NLR＜2.64组和NLR≥2.64组。临床独立预后因素采用单因素和多因素Cox回归模型分析。术后生存时间和生存曲线比较采用Kaplan - Meier和log - rank方法。Ki - 67的表达采用免疫组织化学方法检测。结果 NLR是三阴性乳腺癌的独立预后因素，最佳临界值为2.64。NLR＜2.64组术后中位DFS为39.10月，中位OS为52.30月；NLR≥2.64组术后中位DFS为27.35月，中位OS为37.35月。2组术后DFS和OS比较，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。NLR低组伴Ki - 67表达阴性的三阴性患者术后中位DFS和OS生存时间显著高于其他情况。结论 NLR是三阴性乳腺癌的关键影响预后因素，具有重复性强、非侵袭性、方便实用等特性，可用于预测三阴性乳腺癌临床预后。