张伯礼教授治疗脉痹临证释疑

脉痹是临床上的顽症,病程较长,缠绵难愈。张伯礼教授认为脉痹其病变部位在血脉,痰瘀互结蕴生浊毒是贯穿本病始终的重要病理因素,治宜清热解表、泄浊祛瘀,并当分期辨证,随证加减。     

DREADD: A Chemogenetic GPCR Signaling Platform

Recently, we created a family of engineered G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) called DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) which can precisely control three major GPCR signaling pathways (Gq, Gi, and Gs). DREADD technology has been successfully applied in a variety of in vivo studies to control GPCR signaling, and here we describe recent advances of DREADD technology and discuss its potential application in drug discovery, gene therapy, and tissue engineering.     

Promoting activity of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in rat liver foci bioassay

Summary The plasticizer DEHP but not DEHS exerted a weak promoting effect in a 12-week rat liver foci bioassay, using weanling female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effect was similar after doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg body weight, given 3 times weekly by gavage for 11 consecutive weeks after initiation with a single oral dose of 8 mg DEN/kg body weight. Lower doses were ineffective. The incidence of foci with deficiency in ATPase was enhanced about twice compared to rats treated with DEN only. The incidence of foci with expression of GGTase was not affected by DEHP treatment. The results match the findings with lifetime exposure studies, when liver tumors were found in rats and mice. The actual risk for man from environmental DEHP contamination seems to be low; the intake from highly contaminated food is calculated to be about 400-fold lower than the lowest effective dose in this study.Abbreviations DEHP di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate - DEHS di(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate - ATPase adenosine-5-triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) - GGTase gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) - DEN diethylnitrosamine Supported by grants from Umweltbundesamt Berlin (UBA 10604017)     

章真如主任医师治疗阴虚胃痛

章真如主任医师注重研究“阴虚”,并提出“阴精为人生之本”“阴虚为百病之因与果”和“滋阴为临床治疗大法”等学术观点.强调阴虚胃痛是多种原因导致胃阴不足,不能濡养胃腑融化水谷,而致受纳、熟腐水谷的功能失常,胃气通降不利而发.临床活用张仲景的“麦门冬汤”,叶天士的“叶氏养胃汤”,吴鞠通的“益胃汤”滋阴养胃.并在总结前人的基础上,自拟香砂益胃汤治疗阴虚胃痛.     

章亚成教授辨证治疗恶性淋巴增殖性疾病顽固性盗汗

章亚成教授认为,恶性淋巴增殖性疾病(MLPD)的治疗在于使原本失衡的阴阳气血重新恢复动态平衡,患者表现出的顽固性盗汗也可理解为相同病因病机所生,应同样以“和法”为基本治疗原则.对于MLPD且顽固性盗汗的用药,强调在辨证的基础上使用较平和的药物以纠其偏,如对于营卫不和之证,选用桂枝配白芍,一散一收,调和营卫;对于血瘀之证切不可盲目选用攻利破瘀之品免伤正气,而以和血为上;对于邪热之证,不可过用寒凉之品伤及阳气,而应透热固表,佐以清热,选药以药性平和为先.     

Association of family history of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and individual health behaviours: Analysis of CARRS study from South Asia

ObjectivesFamily history is considered as an important predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes. Available research findings suggest that family history of chronic diseases is associated with perceived risk of disease and adoption of healthy behaviours. We examined the association between family history of cardio-metabolic diseases (CMDs) and healthy behaviours among adults without self-reported CMDs.MethodsCross-sectional data of 12,484 adults, without self-reported CMDs, from the baseline survey of Centre for cArdiometabolic Risk Reduction in South-Asia (CARRS) cohort study were analysed.ResultsFamily history was positively associated with non-smoking and high fruits & vegetables consumption in the age group of 45–64 years and moderate to high physical activity in the age group ≥65 years after adjusting for sex, education, wealth index, city and body mass index.ConclusionsUnderstanding perceived risks and cultural or psychological factors related to family history through ethnographic studies may deepen understanding of these associations.     

张士卿教授运用虚实辨证论治小儿厌食症经验

总结张士卿教授以虚实为纲辨证论治小儿厌食症的临床经验。张教授将小儿厌食症分为虚证(脾失健运、脾胃气虚、脾胃阴虚)、实证(乳食积滞、痰食互结、肝胃不和)和虚实夹杂证(脾虚肝旺、脾虚痰浊),指出虚证应注意运脾和胃、健脾益气养阴,实证应消食化积、化痰、疏肝理气,虚实夹杂证在补脾益气的同时,还应理气化痰。附案例1则,以资验证。     

张永华教授应用半夏类方治疗不寐的临证经验

[目的]总结浙江省名中医张永华教授应用半夏类方治疗不寐的临证经验,提高不寐的临床疗效。[方法]通过跟师学习,记录和整理张永华教授运用半夏类方治疗不寐的医案,结合相关古籍资料及现代文献研究,研究半夏类方所主不寐的病机、半夏体质的主要特征以及半夏类方的应用,最终分析总结张永华教授运用半夏类方辨证治疗不寐的临床经验,并通过验案佐证。[结果]张永华教授认为,不寐的病机与中焦不畅、阳不入阴有关,而半夏具有化痰降逆、通利中焦等功效。通过配伍,半夏秫米汤、半夏枯草煎、半夏厚朴汤、黄连温胆汤、半夏泻心汤等半夏类方可通过化痰降逆、通利中焦、调和阴阳,发挥治疗不寐的效果。所举医案,患者为胆胃不和、痰热中阻之不寐,治以理气化痰、清热安神之法,依次以半夏类方黄连温胆汤及黄连温胆汤合半夏厚朴汤加减治疗,效果明确。[结论]张永华教授运用半夏类方药辨治属半夏体质的不寐疗效显著,经验值得临床传承及推广学习。