Beyond paradigm: making transcultural connections in a scientific translation of acupuncture

This paper examines the ways in which the acupuncture phenomenon is translated into scientific language through the mobilization of functional magnetic resonance imaging. In doing so, it explores how differences between science and traditional medicine are bridged and negotiated through an open-ended tuning process among heterogeneous elements. By showing the constructive interaction between traditional medicine and science, I aim to refute a conception of East Asian medicines as culturally bounded and to provide an interpretation of transculturalism that emphasizes its diverse and hybrid formations. Particularly, in order to explain the scientific translation of acupuncture, I refer to Andrew Pickering's "mangle of practice" as an alternative to Thomas Kuhn's paradigm. Adopting a performative perspective rather than a representational one with regard to science, I read the scientific interpretation of acupuncture as an interactive stabilization between the acupuncture phenomenon, neurological theory, and the material procedure of the MRI machine.     

针刺治疗老年心律失常研究

主要论述针刺治疗老年性心律失常160例,年龄在50～90岁之间。按老年体质和疾病不同特征,取四组穴治疗。胸闷气短,烘热口干,舌质紫,或绛,苔少者,取膻中、神门、太溪,或眼针心区;胸痛气短,畏寒肢冷,舌质淡,苔白者,取心俞、至阳、昆仑;胸痛心悸,烦躁眠少,舌质青,苔白者,取华佗侠脊、内关、通里;胸闷腹胀,面浮肢肿,舌质淡,苔白厚或腻者,取中脘、紫宫、丰隆。有效100％,心电图改变78％。既调整心律,亦治疗了引起心律失常的疾病。指出针刺治疗简便易行,疗效稳定,在老年心血管疾病防治中具有广阔的前景。     

Acupuncture use for the treatment of headache prior to neurological referral

Acupuncture is a popular complementary treatment for various pain syndromes. Some studies claim efficacy in the treatment of primary headache syndromes. However, data on the frequency of acupuncture use by patients with headache prior to neurological referral have not been identified. In this study, 12% of patients with headache attending general neurology outpatient clinics had already received acupuncture; of the remainder, 73% said they would be willing to try it.     

澄江针灸学派传人苏天佑海外医教史迹

目的:寻求以承淡安为代表的澄江针灸学派在海外传播的史迹.方法:采访承淡安第3代传人苏天佑博士在马来西亚吡叻州亲传弟子幸镜清、招知行、丘荣清,收集苏博士在海外医教史料.结果:苏天佑是承淡安高足曾天治亲传弟子,1939年悬壶,1940年创办"香港针灸医学院",1962年后到亚洲、美洲13个国家和地区诊务、办学,被尊为"美国针灸之父".结论:苏博士在海外传播祖国医学,尤其在医学教育方面更为突出.     

针刺大鼠“四白”传入信息对孤束核神经元放电的影响

目的:比较足阳明经中远近腧穴及手太阳小肠经腧穴和非经非穴点的传入信息在孤束核(NTS)的差异。方法:采用细胞外记录方法,以足阳明胃经“四白”穴为刺激点,并以同名经的“地仓”和“内庭”、手太阳小肠经的“颧”、非经非穴“四白”旁开点为对照,在刺激点上用手针施以捻转手法刺激30 s,在NTS寻找对来自体表刺激点有反应的神经元。结果:52只大鼠记录到资料完整的86个NTS神经元中,针刺“四白”后NTS有反应神经元出现的机率(含兴奋和抑制性神经元)为65.12%,而针刺“地仓”“内庭”“颧”“四白”旁开点有反应神经元出现的机率分别为50.00%、46.51%、34.88%、31.40%。统计表明,针刺“四白”后NTS有反应神经元出现的机率均极显著地高于针刺“地仓”“内庭”“颧”“四白”旁开点后有反应神经元出现的机率(P<0.01);针刺“地仓”和“内庭”后NTS有反应神经元出现的机率均显著高于刺激“颧”和“四白”旁开点的有反应神经元出现机率(P<0.05)。针刺上述穴和非穴区,NTS神经元主要是以兴奋为主。针刺“四白”“地仓”“内庭”“颧”“四白”旁开点,其兴奋性神经元频率变化率分别为(35.08±4.80)%、(28.25±5.46)%(、27.57±4.87)%、(20.02±4.23)%(、18.55±2.49)%,“四白”与各组之间有显著性或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),“地仓”“内庭”与“颧”“四白”旁开点亦有显著性或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:与手太阳小肠经穴以及非经非穴点比较,足阳明经穴与NTS的关系更密切;足阳明经中远近腧穴的信息传入在NTS亦存在着一定的差异,这提示腧穴均有一定的特异性。     

针灸治疗腰痛的国内外研究评述

本研究回顾2005年至今国内外针灸治疗腰痛的研究,发现国内外研究的侧重点不同。国内研究侧重于某个穴位或某种针刺方法治疗腰痛效果,而国外学者研究的重点是针刺是否有效。通过对国内外研究的分析,提出增加样本量、明确纳入标准、采用适当和充足的针刺治疗方法、延长随访时间等建议,希望对今后的针灸治疗腰痛研究有所帮助。     

心脏电生理检查对针刺治疗冠心病心绞痛临床疗效分析

目的 运用心脏电生理检查,评价针刺治疗冠心病的临床疗效.方法 观察60例冠心病患者针刺治疗前后心脏电生理检查结果.结果 治疗后心脏电生理检查观察,48例有显著疗效,12例有效.临床治疗有效率达80％(P＜0.05).结论 针刺治疗冠心病有确切的疗效,心脏电生理检查可为针刺治疗冠心病的疗效评价提供一个客观指标.     

针灸配合康复训练治疗老年中风偏瘫96例临床分析

目的:探讨分析针灸配合康复训练治疗老年中风偏瘫的临床疗效。方法:两组患者均跟据中医分型分别给予中成药治疗。由专业康复治疗师对患者行正规系统的运动和康复训练;观察组在上述基础上给予针灸治疗配合康复训练。针灸采用头针、体针相结合的方法,头针用双运动区、感觉区、足运动感觉区,体针取穴以患侧阳明经穴位为主。对所有患者在入组时、治疗1个月、3个月、6个月进行患肢运动功能评价(FMA)、FCA综合功能评定行走功能评分以及下肢Brunnatrom评级并进行比较分析。结果:治疗6个月后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。入院时两组下肢Brunnatrom评级、下肢FMA积分和FCA综合功能评定行走功能评分相近,无统计学意义(P>0.05)、两组治疗1个月、3个月、6个月后,下肢Brunnatrom评级、下肢FMA积分和FCA综合功能评定行走功能评分均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),观察组治疗6个月后与入组时比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:老年中风偏瘫患者在药物治疗的基础上,辅以针灸并配合康复训练,效果良好。     

Effects of traditional “<Emphasis Type="Italic">Juci</Emphasis>” (contralateral acupuncture) on orofacial nociceptive behavior in the rat

Purpose “Juci”, one of the traditional acupuncture techniques, means contralateral acupuncture; i.e., implanting a needle into an acupoint to treat a given disease or disorder, but on the side of the body opposite to the diseased side. The aim of this study was: (1) to assess acupuncture effects on formalin-induced nociceptive behavior in the orofacial region in the rat, and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of Juci in the orofacial formalin test. Methods Forty-four adult male Wistar rats were used in the present study. A 1.0% formalin solution (25 μl s.c., diluted in saline) was injected into the right upper lip. The rats were randomly assigned to five groups. (1) The control group (n = 9), which received formalin injection without acupuncture pretreatment; (2) the ipsilateral Ho-ku (see note below) acupuncture group (n = 10); (3) the contralateral Ho-ku acupuncture group (n = 11); (4) the acupuncture plus naloxone group (n = 9), where intraperitoneal naloxone (1.0 mg·kg⁻¹) was injected immediately before acupuncture pretreatment; and (5) the sham acupuncture group (n = 5). “Ho-ku” is the term used for the “Large Intestine 4” acupoint, located between the first and second metacarpal bones. Results The injection of formalin produced the characteristic biphasic behavioral response. Acupuncture significantly inhibited the response in the early and late phases. Naloxone significantly reversed these effects. There were no statistically significant differences between the ipsilateral and Juci acupuncture groups. Sham acupuncture did not exert any significant effect on the formalin-induced behavior. Conclusion Our results showed that the degree of effectiveness of Juci was similar to that of the ipsilateral acupuncture technique. Therefore, the Juci technique is also useful for the treatment of orofacial pain.     

电针结合TDP照射治疗腓总神经损伤

目的探讨电针结合TDP治疗腓总神经损伤的疗效。方法选择我院收治腓总神经损伤患者74例,随机分为治疗组（电针＋TDP组）和对照组（单纯针刺组）各37例,治疗组采用电针结合TDP照射局部的治疗方法,对照组采用单纯针刺的方法。1次／d,10次为1个疗程。比较4个疗程后两组的疗效。结果两组患者临床疗效间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论电针结合TDP照射治疗腓总神经损伤有明显效果。