Ⅰ型过敏反应的体外筛选指标

Ⅰ型过敏反应是人类发病率很高的一种疾病。过敏反应的范围可以从局部到全身,全身过敏可导致休克甚至死亡,因而建立快速有效的体外筛选模型筛选新化合物将对人类征服过敏疾病作出重大贡献。目前研究较为透彻的是Ⅰ型过敏反应的病理表现、生理机制等相关内容,而对体外筛选指标的研究总结较少。就I型过敏反应的体外筛选指标进行综述。     

间质干细胞与血脑屏障通透性的研究进展

间质干细胞可通过脑实质、血液和脑脊液等移植方式进入脑组织,修复损伤组织,促进神经功能恢复,是治疗中枢神经系统疾病的理想种子细胞;但血脑屏障存在着特殊结构,研究间质干细胞与血脑屏障通透性的相关性,使更多间质干细胞穿过血脑屏障。综述了间质干细胞与血脑屏障通透性的最新研究进展。     

AUTOSTAGE SPERM TRACING SYSTEM FOR SEMEN EVALUATION

To overcome the limitation of the microscope field, the study proposed an autostage sperm tracing system (ASTS), which could trace a particular sperm for a long time and distance. The ASTS was constructed by assembling a commercial microscope, an image frame grabber, a personal computer, and a motorized stage. Its performance was tested by evaluating 6 semen samples and by comparing the evaluation with those of other semen evaluations. The ASTS broke through the limitation of the microscope field and traced a particular sperm as long as possible. It analyzed the sperm track and calculated the motility parameters, such as curvilinear velocity (V_cl), straight-line velocity (V_sl), and linearity (L_in). The sperm quality was then evaluated in real time, and the user could decide to capture or abandon a particular sperm in the IVF. The ASTS enables users to evaluate sperm progression for a long time and to have the global quality of a particular sperm in real time. Its open structure has the flexibility for micromanipulating a semen sample, and has the potential application associated with a modern IVF technique.     

体内外成熟卵子行单精子卵胞浆内注射助孕情况比较

目的：比较体内外成熟卵子行单精子卵胞浆内注射的助孕效果。方法：体内、外成熟的卵子行单精子卵胞浆内注射（ICSI）后，对其受精和胚胎发育情况，以及临床结局进行比较。结果：体外成熟的卵子行ICSI受精率稍高于体内成熟卵（P〈0．05），而获卵率、卵裂率则显著降低（P〈0．05），胚胎退化率没有显著差别；两组临床妊娠率、种植率及流产率均无显著差别。结论；用体外成熟的卵子ICSI后助孕可取得与体内成熟卵子相似的结果。     

体外受精胚胎冷冻储存及其移植的应用

本文的目的在于说明冷冻储存胚胎，适时解冻移植可以增加体外受精胚胎移植的妊娠成功率。第一例应用－Ｔｕｒｎｅｒ’ｓ综合征患者，丈夫无精症，在激素替代疗法下移植冻融胚胎，妊娠，于１９９５年２月６日分娩健康女婴，追踪检查生长发育良好。另外２例在超排卵刺激下获多个卵子及体外受精胚胎当月移植未获妊娠。而分别于５个月及６个月后在正常周期中移植自己的冻融胚胎，临床妊娠成功，妊娠在继续中，一例为双胞胎，三例都采用在２～８分裂球阶段冷冻。细胞内冷冻保护剂为丙二醇，细胞外保护剂为蔗糖。Ｔｅｓｔａｒｔ慢冻过程中诱发冰晶步骤很重要，可以控制溶液中的冰晶形成，避免细胞损害。     

气相色谱法测定甘草酸α体、β体及其苷元的人血浆蛋白结合率

目的研究甘草酸立体异构体及其苷元的血浆蛋白结合率。方法用气相色谱法测定人血浆中甘草酸立体异构体（α体和β体）及其苷元的浓度，并计算蛋白结合率。结果当血浆浓度大于50％时．α体的血浆蛋白结合率大于β体；血浆浓度小于50％时．α体的血浆蛋白结合率小于β体。而苷元的血浆蛋白结合率始终是α体小于β体。结论甘草酸立体异构体及其苷元在不同浓度血浆中的蛋白结合率存在差异。     

Delivery of didanosine from enteric-coated,sustained-release bioadhesive formulation

The aim of our study is to assess the release characteristics, in vitro permeation, and stability of an enteric-coated, bioadhesive, sustained-release formulation of didanosine (ddI). Enteric-coated tablets of ddI, containing Polyox® WSRN-303 and Methocel K4M, were prepared using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP 5.5). The enteric-coated formulation was resistant to dissolution in 0.1 N HCl solution but dissolved within 10 min ( ±2 min) in pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline. The release profiles were linear with square root time. Stability studies indicate that the formulations were stable at 4°C, room temperature, and 40°C upon storage for 6 months. Polyox® WSRN-303 tablets exhibited a higher ddI permeation ratio across live intestinal tissue compared with conventional tablets. Enteric-coated, sustained-release, bioadhesive tablets deliver ddI in small doses and at the same time prevent acid-induced degradation and hence hold a potential to improve ddI's oral bioavailability.     

融合蛋白VacA-HpaA卵黄抗体的体外研究

目的：研究VacA-HpaA融合蛋白的鸡卵黄抗体（IgY）的理化特性和生物学活性,为制备集预防与治疗为一体的抗H.pylori感染的制剂奠定基础。方法：以纯化的VacA-HpaA融合蛋白免疫产蛋鸡,水稀释法获取蛋黄抗体（VacA-HpaAIgY）。（1）用硫酸铵沉淀法纯化IgY后,用SDS-PAGE分析其纯度,Bradford法测定蛋白含量。（2）用间接ELISA法检测该IgY的耐热性、耐酸性及其对酶消化的耐受作用。（3）采用Western blot分析IgY的特异性并检测其效价。（4）用MTT法检测不同浓度VacA-HpaAIgY对细胞毒活性的中和作用。（5）用扫描电镜观察VacA-HpaA IgY对AGS细胞粘附的中和作用。结果：（1）该IgY纯度为60%,蛋白浓度为22g/L;（2）具有一定的耐热性、耐酸性和耐胃蛋白酶能力;（3）Western blot分析显示IgY的特异性,在相对分子量约27000和30000处出现在相应的条带;（4）该IgY对VacA细胞毒活性有中和作用,且具有量效性和时效性;（5）IgY可阻止H.pylori菌体蛋白的粘附作用。结论：该IgY具有良好的理化和生物学特性,可用于制备抗H.pylori感染的防治制剂。     

吡罗昔康搽剂的透皮吸收试验

本文介绍了利用体外法研究吡罗昔康搽剂的透皮吸收试验,结果表明搽剂浓度与透皮渗透药量之间有依存关系。透皮渗透药量对时间作图,基本成一直线,为一级释放过程,符合Fick定律。     

兔膀胱移行上皮细胞的体外培养及鉴定

目的:探索并建立兔膀胱移行上皮细胞的体外培养及扩增方法,为泌尿系器官的组织工程研究提供种子细胞。方法:采用刮削法取得移行细胞单细胞悬液,在加入了10%胎牛血清、表皮生长因子等营养物质的DMEM/F12培养基中进行原代及传代培养,并观察细胞形态变化和进行Giemsa染色和免疫组化染色证实细胞来源。结果:原代培养细胞3 d开始贴壁生长,10-14 d细胞融合成单层,可进行传代培养,传至第7代后细胞开始出现衰退现象,经Giemsa染色、免疫组化染色证实为移行上皮细胞。结论:该培养方法能在较短时间内获得大量的移行上皮细胞,具有细胞纯度高、成功率高及扩增迅速的特点。