Diseño y evaluación de un modelo de simulación de fractura de pene

ObjectiveTo design and assess a novel penile fracture simulation model for teaching penile fracture repair.MethodsWe used a validated circumcision simulator to create a model. Foreskin for a circumcision was divided into two halves. A transverse slit (“simulated fracture”) was created on one part of the first half of the foreskin (mimicking “tunica”) and was applied over the penile model. A red jelly tablet (“clot”) was placed underneath the cut. A second full-length of foreskin was applied over it to cover the defect. The model was assessed by participants and expert faculty at the Urology Simulation Boot Camp. Evaluation was performed using a 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics V25. The intra-class correlation was calculated using a “One-way random model”.ResultsTwenty-two urology trainees and four experts participated in the evaluation. The majority of trainees strongly agreed (59%, n = 13) the model is useful for training with experts similarly agreeing in 75% of cases. The appearance of penile fracture was considered good by both trainees (68%, n = 14) and faculty (75%). Overall, the ability of the model to represent a realistic simulation of the task was considered excellent by 23% of participants and good by 64%. Personal confidence after simulation in managing a similar situation was considered high among trainees. The main difficulties reported were related to fascial planes and urethra.ConclusionThis is the first simulation model for penile fracture repair and has demonstrated face validity at a national urology bootcamp.     

泌尿外科后腹腔镜手术的临床探讨

目的探讨泌尿外科后腹腔镜手术的治疗效果，以供临床参考。方法选取2008年4月-2013年3月广东省清远市中医院泌尿外科收治的患者153例作为研究对象，随机分为两组。A组接受开放手术治疗，B组接受后腹腔镜手术治疗。对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、手术并发症的差异性。结果与A组对比发现，B组术中出血量较少，住院时间明显较短，手术并发症发生率明显较低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。对比两组手术时间发现，两组间差异无统计学意义。结论后腹腔镜手术在泌尿外科的治疗中具有创伤小、恢复快等优势，值得临床推广应用。     

Clinical and investigative applications of Raman spectroscopy in Urology and Andrology

Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an optical technique that allows for real-time interrogation of biologic tissues with chemical specificity. Using a diode laser, incident photons are scattered on the tissue of interest and the spectral wavelength output is a reflection of the tissues’ molecular fingerprint. Naturally, this technology has come into clinical usage to evaluate benign versus malignant tissue. Within the field of Urology, RS has seen tremendous growth as an optical biopsy tool for the real-time evaluation of diseases of the bladder, prostate, kidney, and testis. With such growing fervor for this emerging spectroscopic modality, we present a current summary of clinical studies utilizing RS within Urology and Andrology to highlight its potential applications.     

心理护理在泌尿外科护理中的应用效果研究

目的：观察心理护理在泌尿外科护理中的应用效果。方法随机选取2013年6月—2014年12月该院泌尿外科收治的60例患者随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组给予常规护理。观察组在对照组常规护理基础上给予心理护理。心理护理干预组于患者入院后连续干预7次,每日干预1次,每次干预15~20 min。结果心理护理组患者抑郁评分（1.55±0.56）分、焦虑评分（1.50±0.48）分,常规护理组抑郁评分（1.89±0.64）分、焦虑评分（1.79±0.52）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。心理护理组患者生活质量问卷核心量表中生活满意度评分（32.86±7.63）分、自我概念评分（41.98±6.16）分、健康和功能状态评分（31.75±7.12）,常规护理组生活满意度评分（26.92±7.45）分、自我概念评分（37.57±5.64）分、健康和功能状态评分（26.13±6.49）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论在泌尿外科护理中开展心理护理干预,能够减少患者紧张、焦虑、抑郁等负性心理,能够提高患者生活质量。     

泌尿外科后腹腔镜术后患者疼痛原因及临床护理

目的：对泌尿外科后腹腔镜术后患者疼痛原因,并探讨其临床护理办法和护理效果。方法选取该院在2013年11月—2014年11月实施后腹腔镜手术治疗的150例泌尿外科患者,并将其分成两组,其中对照组患者实施常规护理,观察组患者实施综合人性化护理,对比分析两组患者的疼痛改善情况及护理满意度。结果泌尿外科后腹腔镜手术患者术后疼痛发生原因比较多。其中观察组患者的疼痛改善效果显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组患者的临床护理满意度为97.33%,对照组患者仅为69.33%,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论泌尿外科后腹腔镜手术患者术后出现疼痛原因包括手术因素和自身因素,因此在其临床护理中实施综合人性化护理,能够显著改善患者疼痛症状,提高患者临床护理满意度,值得推广应用。     

探讨健康教育干预在老年急性阑尾炎护理中的应用

目的：对健康教育干预在老年急性阑尾炎护理中的应用效果进行探究和分析。方法资料随机选取2013年2月~2014年2月在我院收治的老年急性阑尾炎患者66例,将其平均分为两组,研究组和对照组,每组各33例,给予对照组患者常规护理,研究组患者则在对照组的基础上行健康教育干预,并对两组临床资料等进行回顾性分析。结果经护理后,研究组护理满意度100%,明显高于对照组护理满意度81.82%,比较有差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论给予老年急性阑尾炎患者健康教育护理的效果较为确切,不仅能够减轻患者的心理压力,还能够缩短患者的治疗时间,提高患者的生命质量,值得在临床中推广和应用。     

The evaluation and management of urolithiasis in the ED: A review of the literature

Background

Urolithiasis is a common condition in the U.S. Patients frequently present to the emergency department (ED) for care, including analgesia and treatments to facilitate stone passage.