曲古霉素A对宫颈癌HeLa细胞的毒性及放射增敏作用

目的探讨曲古霉素A（TSA）对宫颈癌HeLa细胞的毒性及放射增敏作用。方法MTT法检测TSA处理宫颈癌HeLa细胞12、24、48、72 h的细胞毒性及TSA作用24 h的10%细胞抑制浓度（10％ inhibition concentration,IC10）和半数抑制率IC50对HeLa细胞不同分割放疗方式的增敏效果;克隆形成法分析IC10 的TSA对HeLa细胞放射增敏作用的影响,单击多靶模型拟合细胞存活曲线,计算放射增敏比（sensitive enhencement ratio,SER）。结果0.05~0.8 μmol/L TSA对HeLa细胞具有增殖抑制作用,且呈一定的时间－剂量依赖性,TSA作用24 h的IC10和IC50分别为0.0312和0.5865。0.6 μmol/L以上浓度及药物作用时间超过48 h的TSA对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用并无明显增加。IC10曲古霉素A的SER为1.6858,IC10的TSA对每次2.0 Gy、1.0 Gy（×2）、0.5 Gy（×4）分割放射组的SER分别为1.4496、1.6410、1.9554。结论TSA对宫颈癌HeLa细胞具有良好的细胞毒性及放射增敏作用,且对低剂量多次分割放疗的增敏作用更强。     

曲古抑菌素A通过p53转录激活途径诱导尤文肉瘤细胞凋亡

目的：探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素A（trichostatin A,TSA）诱导尤文肉瘤细胞株WE-68和VH-64凋亡及作用机制.方法：四甲基偶氮唑蓝法（MTT法）测定细胞增殖抑制率.流式细胞计数法测量TSA给药后细胞周期中sub-G1含量的变化.免疫印迹法（Western-blot）检测细胞中活化型多聚ADP核糖多聚酶（cleaved-PARP）,p53-lys382残基乙酰化和p53蛋白总量的表达.实时定量PCR和siRNA转染技术测定p53多个下游基因的mRNA水平改变和p53表达下调对TSA诱导凋亡的影响.结果：TSA抑制了尤文肉瘤细胞的增殖,诱导细胞周期中sub-G1含量和凋亡终产物cleaved-PARP蛋白表达的增加.TSA给药后,p53-lys382残基乙酰化表达量呈浓度依存性增加,同时上调p53下游因子p21,mdm2,Bax和PUMA的mRNA水平.另一方面,p53蛋白表达的下调明显削弱了TSA介导的p21表达的上调和cleaved-PARP的产生.结论：组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂TSA能够通过激活p53高乙酰化表达来恢复p53转录功能,从而诱导尤文肉瘤细胞株产生凋亡.     

TSA对发育期大鼠癫痫后脑损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的 探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑素A(TSA)在癫痫后脑损伤发病中的作用及其机制。方法将32只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:对照组、海人酸(KA)组、小剂量TSA干预组(0.03 mg/kg)及大剂量TSA干预组(0.1 mg/kg)组,通过腹腔注射海人酸(KA)制作发育期大鼠癫痫模型,TSA于KA诱导癫痫前2 h腹腔注射给药,评估惊厥发作的等级及记录惊厥的潜伏期。癫痫后24 h处死大鼠,HE染色观察脑组织病理变化;TUNEL染色检测大鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡;CD68染色检测活化的小胶质细胞;Western blot检测IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白的表达。结果KA组均达到Ⅳ~V级惊厥发作,而TSA干预组能减轻惊厥发作的等级和延长惊厥的潜伏期。HE染色可见KA组明显的神经元凋亡及细胞水肿,伴有较多的炎症细胞浸润,而TSA干预组能减轻神经元凋亡及细胞水肿,同时减少炎症细胞浸润。与对照组比较,KA组神经元凋亡数、小胶质细胞活化数及炎症因子的表达均显著增加(P<0.05),而TSA能抑制KA诱导的改变。相对于0.03 mg/kg TSA干预组,0.1 mg/kg TSA干预组治疗作用更明显(P<0.05)。结论TSA能抑制癫痫后海马神经元凋亡、小胶质细胞活化及炎症因子的表达,同时能减轻惊厥发作的等级和延长惊厥的潜伏期,从而对癫痫后脑损伤起到保护作用。     

Brucella suis strain 2 vaccine is safe and protective against heterologous Brucella spp. infections

Brucellosis is a wide spread zoonotic disease that causes abortion and infertility in mammals and leads to debilitating, febrile illness in humans. Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis are the major pathogenic species to humans. Vaccination with live attenuated B. suis strain 2 (S2) vaccine is an essential and critical component in the control of brucellosis in China. The S2 vaccine is very effective in preventing brucellosis in goats, sheep, cattle and swine. However, there are still debates outside of China whether the S2 vaccine is able to provide protection against heterologous virulent Brucella species. We investigated the residual virulence, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the S2 vaccine in BALB/c mice by determining bacteria persistence in spleen, serum antibody response, cellular immune response and protection against a heterologous virulent challenge. The S2 vaccine was of low virulence as there were no bacteria recovered in spleen four weeks post vaccination. The vaccinated mice developed Brucella-specific IgG in 2–3 weeks, and a burst production of IFN-γ at one week as well as a two-fold increase in TNF-α production. The S2 vaccine protected mice from a virulent challenge by B. melitensis M28, B. abortus 2308 and B. suis S1330, and the S2 vaccinated mice did not develop any clinical signs or tissue damage. Our study demonstrated that the S2 vaccine is of low virulence, stimulates good humoral and cellular immunity and protects animals against infection by heterologous, virulent Brucella species.     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素通过上调Slug促进结直肠癌细胞上皮-间质转化的研究

目的 研究组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素(TSA)诱导结直肠癌细胞HCT116发生上皮-间质转化(EMT)的潜在分子机制.方法 TSA处理结直肠癌细胞HCT116,观察细胞形态变化;划痕实验观察细胞迁移侵袭能力的变化.实时定量PCR、Western blot检测HCT116细胞EMT标志物以及Slug的表达情况.siRNA敲除Slug表达,Western blot检测HCT116细胞EMT标志物表达变化,以及细胞形态变化.结果 TSA可以促进结直肠癌细胞HCT116的迁移能力,诱导HCT116细胞发生EMT转化,包括细胞形态改变,EMT标志物表达变化.TSA可以促进EMT关键转录因子Slug的表达,包括蛋白和mRNA水平;敲除Slug表达可以抑制TSA诱导的EMT转化过程.结论 组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂TSA通过上调Slug的表达促进结直肠癌细胞HCT116发生EMT转化,从而提高其迁移能力.     

血清五种肿瘤标志物联合检测鼻咽癌的研究

目的 :研究一种鼻咽癌早期发现诊断的可靠方法。方法 :对 76例鼻咽癌患者和 5 2例鼻咽颈部良性病变及 10 2例正常人进行血清EBVCA IgA和碱性蛋白、酸溶性蛋白、唾液酸、血管内皮生长因子定性和定量测定。结果 :鼻咽癌患者比鼻咽颈部良性病变、正常人的 5种血清肿瘤标志物的定性和定量检测差异有显著性 ,每一标志物对鼻咽癌检测的敏感性和特异性都不相同。结论 :5种血清肿瘤标志物的定性和定量检测可作为鼻咽癌的早期发现诊断的简便可靠的检测指标 ,联合检测可提高对鼻咽癌检测的敏感性和特异性。     

What are the costs of glenohumeral osteoarthritis in the year prior to a total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA)?

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To identify patterns of health-care utilization and costs associated with management of glenohumeral osteoarthritis in the year prior to undergoing an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA).

Methods: The PearlDiver Humana database, an administrative database of Medicare Advantage (MA) and Commercial insurance beneficiaries was queried for active records of patients undergoing a primary ATSA from the fourth quarter of 2010–2015. Pre-operative health-care utilization was categorized as 1) Procedures & Anesthesia, 2) Office visits, 3) Radiology, 4) Injections – a) Steroid injections and b) Hyaluronic Acid (HA) injections, 5) Physical Therapy, 6) Non-opioid pain medications and 7) Opioids. Overall costs/reimbursement and Per-patient average reimbursements (PPARs) were calculated for each category.

Results: A total of 3,920 patients (MA = 3,691; Commercial = 229) undergoing primary ATSA were retrieved. Based on defined categories, the total costs prior to ATSA were $368,137 and $2,812,617 for Commercial and MA beneficiaries, respectively. Overall 1-year PPAR for each category was as follows: Procedures & Anesthesia (MA = $1765; Commercial = $5333), Office visits (MA = $441; Commercial = $396); Radiology (MA = $253; Commercial = $558), Injections (MA = $117, Commercial = $173), Physical therapy (MA = $473; Commercial = $372), Non-opioid pain meds (MA = $49; Commercial = $147) and Opioids (MA = $26; Commercial = $49). The highest utilization was seen in the three months prior to ATSA with 42–81% of overall PPAR being accounted for various categories.

Conclusion: A high utilization of all health-care resource categories was noted within three months prior to surgery. Providers should consider judicious use of such interventions, particularly in patients which ultimately require surgery in a short frame of time, to reduce the costs associated with the overall episode of care.