广州城乡结合部2型糖尿病患者饮食知识现状及其影响因素

目的 了解广州城乡结合部2型糖尿病患者饮食知识现状,探讨其影响因素,为合理的饮食指导提供参考依据.方法 采用便利抽样方法,在广州市城乡结合部对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者进行面对面问卷调查,采用SPSS统计软件进行统计学析.结果 发放问卷240份,收回合格问卷238份,合格率为99.17％.本次调查饮食知识合格率比较显示,女性高于男性,文化程度为高中、中专及以上者高于小学及以下者,个人平均月收入1 000元及以上者高于1 000元以下者,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).多因素Logistic分析结果显示,性别(OR=4.042,95％ CI:1.215-13.444)、个人平均月收入(OR=6.155,95％ CI:1.831 ～ 20.690)均与饮食知识呈正相关,是T2DM患者饮食知识是否及格的主要影响因素.结论 广州城乡地区T2DM患者饮食知识掌握情况不佳,应在随访关怀过程中重点针对男性、个人平均月收入1000元以下者开展干预.     

Valnoctamide enhances phasic inhibition: A potential target mechanism for the treatment of benzodiazepine‐refractory status epilepticus

Valnoctamide (VCD), a derivative of valproate, suppresses electrographic seizures in animal models of status epilepticus (SE), even when the seizures are resistant to benzodiazepines (BZDs). We therefore tested the effect of VCD on miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in CA1 pyramidal cells to determine if VCD acts directly on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)_A receptors. Bath‐applied VCD induced a specific, rapid, dose‐dependent, and reversible slowing of the decay of mIPSCs (i.e., increased time constant) with no effect on their frequency or amplitude. This is similar to the effect of BZDs on mIPSCs, but the effect of VCD persisted in the presence of the BZD‐binding site antagonist flumazenil, and was additive to the effect of the BZD, diazepam. These data suggest that VCD acts through a different binding site than that of BZDs, which likely accounts for its effect on BZD‐refractory SE. A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here .     

不同人群商业性行为现状及态度调查分析

目的:了解不同人群商业性行为现状以及对商业性行为的看法和态度,探讨其中差异和主要影响因素,为引导健康教育提供基础资料。方法:自主设计问卷,并通过网络随机对613人进行问卷调查。结果:有3.4%的人有过商业性行为。有将近三分之二的人对商业性行为持较宽容态度,男性宽容度明显大于女性,未上大学的宽容度大于大学本科及以上学历的人;大多数人对朋友相对宽容,但对恋人要求严格。结论:应该从学校、社会、家庭三位一体开展相关性教育,加强性道德法律教育,引导人们树立正确的性观念。     

Employment Status Influences the Weekly Patterns of Suicide among Alcohol Misusers

As part of the National Suicide Prevention Project in Finland, a nationwide psychological autopsy study, all suicide victims ( n = 1397) over a 12-month period were investigated concerning factors associated with any variation in suicide frequency between weekdays and weekends. In particular, employment status was expected to have influenced the weekly pattern of alcohol misuse, and thereby to have caused clustering of suicides at weekends among the employed. Among suicide victims who had misused alcohol, those in employment were significantly more likely to have committed suicide during the weekend that those without work (52% vs. 34%, p < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, employment was the only independent variable significantly associated with suicide at the weekend. According to forensic chemical analysis, those classified as misusers had frequently used alcohol at the time of suicide, regardless of the weekday, and slightly more often if employed. The clustering of suicides at weekends among employed alcohol misusers is probably explained by a weekly pattern in the use of alcohol, which suggests that besides the established risk factors for suicide among alcohol misusers, the act of using alcohol per se also contributes to the suicidal act     

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in patients with cancer

Patients with systemic cancer may have altered mental status without evidence of metastases, strokes, or metabolic encephalopathies. Six such patients are described whose EEGs showed continuous generalized epileptiform discharges in the absence of clinical signs of seizures. Two patients had never had any clinical evidence of seizures and four had seizures that were thought to have stopped before the EEG. Three patients were confused and three were stuporous or comatose. In some patients the nonconvulsive epileptic activity may have been directly related to the cancer; three had findings suggestive of possible paraneoplastic encephalopathies. Anticonvulsants led to an improved mental status in four patients, but all except one died. Nonconvulsive generalized status epilepticus may explain altered mental status in some patients with cancer and anticonvulsant medication treatment can be beneficial.