影响ICU危重病患儿预后的多因素分析

目的 探讨影响ICU危重病患儿预后的相关因素分析.方法 对本院ICU危重患儿临床参数统计分析,相关危险因素采用多元logistic逐步回归分析.结果 21个单因素进行logistic单因素分析有11个有统计学意义,再将有统计学意义的11个因素作logistic逐步回归分析,最终有6个因素进入了logistic回归方程,即住ICU时间、危重病例评分、血Ca2+、pH、有创诊疗、机械通气时间,其中住ICU时间为保护性因素,其余5个为死亡的危险因素.结论 在没有有效的治疗方案前,应充分认识危重症的危险因素,采取积极干预措施有可能降低病死率.     

SIRS评分对ICU鲍氏不动杆菌感染患者预后评估的研究

目的 评价SIRS评分对ICU危重症患者感染鲍氏不动杆菌预后的意义.方法 回顾性分析ICU 70例鲍氏不动杆菌感染的患者临床资料,研究其预后与SIRS评分的关系.结果 70例患者中,存活51例,占72.9％,死亡19例,死亡率为27.1％；在死亡的患者当中SIRS评分高的死亡率也高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论对于鲍氏不动杆菌感染的ICU患者,SIRS评分分值高可能预示预后不良.     

Putative N-terminal sequence of murine soluble immune response suppressor (SIRS): significant homology with short neurotoxin 1

Soluble immune response suppressor (SIRS) is a low-molecular-weight protein (approximately 10,000 daltons) produced by mitogen- or interferon-activated T lymphocytes that can block development of humoral or cell-mediated immune responses in vivo or in vitro. As previously reported, murine SIRS is heterogeneous, eluting in two broad peaks on high performance reverse phase chromatography as well as displaying several broad isoelectric point forms. A putative N-terminal 21 amino acid sequence has been obtained for one of the less hydrophobic isoforms, SIRS-alpha 7. The sequence of SIRS-alpha 7 is unique in mammals but shows a remarkable homology to the family of short neurotoxins (short neurotoxin 1) found in sea snake, adder, and cobra species. A degenerate oligonucleotide probe based on the protein sequence was synthesized and was shown to hybridize to SIRS messenger RNA as measured by SIRS synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. A synthetic polypeptide based on the 21-residue sequence was also prepared and coupled to thyroglobulin or keyhole limpet hemocyanin. These were used to prepare rabbit antisera that neutralize SIRS bioactivity and precipitate authentic SIRS.     

低剂量环磷酰胺减轻烧伤早期全身炎症介质综合征发生的实验研究

目的探讨低剂量环磷酰胺对烧伤大鼠全身炎症介质综合征 (SIRS)的控制作用。方法以大鼠为实验动物 ,分为空白组、对照组、实验组。对照组、实验组制作 5 0 %Ⅲ°烫伤模型 ,实验组于伤后 1小时腹腔内注射低剂量环磷酰胺 (2mg/kg) ,对照组腹腔内注射等量生理盐水。分别在伤后 2h、3h、6h测量 2组血液及肝脏组织中肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF -a)的含量。喂养至动物死亡观察两组动物的生存时间。结果实验组、对照组伤后 2小时血液及肝脏内TNF -a的含量明显高于未烧伤的空白组 (P <0 0 5 )。实验组伤后 2h、3h、6h血液及肝脏内TNF -a的含量明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。实验组动物的生存时间明显延长 (P <0 0 5 )。结论低剂量环磷酰胺能够减少烧伤后炎症介质的释放 ,能减轻烧伤后SIRS的发生。     

Procalcitonin in preoperative diagnosis of abdominal sepsis

Background and aims The present study attempted to identify the diagnostic significance of procalcitonin (PCT) in acute abdominal conditions as well as the range of concentrations relating to diagnosis of abdominal sepsis. Materials and methods This was prospective clinical study. The study included 98 consecutive patients with acute abdominal conditions, divided in sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) group. Results PCT concentrations on admission were significantly higher in the sepsis group than in the SIRS group (median [interquartile range] 2.32 [7.41] vs 0.45 ng/ml [2.62]). A cutoff value of 1.1 ng/ml yielded 72.4% sensitivity and 62.5% specificity. In a group of patients with abdominal symptoms lasting for more than 24 h, a cut-off value of 1.1 ng/ml yielded higher sensitivity (82.9%) and higher specificity (77.3%). Conclusion Our results suggest that PCT measurements may be useful for early, preoperative diagnosis of abdominal sepsis.     

全身炎症反应综合征患者血脂变化与炎症反应的相关性研究

目的观察全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)患者血浆高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平的变化,探讨血脂变化在炎症反应中的意义。方法符合SIRS诊断48例,分别在入院后第1、3和第5天清晨空腹抽肘静脉血3mL,测定HDL、LDL、TC、TG和TNF-α,并设对照组。结果SIRS患者血浆HDL、LDL、TC、TG入院后各监测点均比对照组显著下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),HDL入院第3天为最低,并且降低更为显著(P<0.01)。SIRS患者TNF-α入院后各监测点均比对照组显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。HDL、LDL、TC、TG与TNF-α具有相关性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论机体过度炎症反应时,HDL、LDL、TC、TG水平下降,并且与炎症反应的程度密切相关,可作为评估预后的一个参考指标;在治疗原发病的基础上,提高血脂和脂蛋白水平,有助于缓解病情,改善预后。     

IL-6和IL-10在全身炎症反应综合征患者中的预警作用

目的 探讨IL-6与IL-10对全身炎症反应综合征患者病情和预后的判断作用。方法 将40例人住急诊ICU的SIRS患者分为多器官功能障碍综合征组（MODS组）和非MODS组，存活组和死亡组；选择健康体检者40例作为对照组。检测血清IL-6和IL-10浓度，并进行APACHEⅡ评分。结果 SIRS患者IL-6和IL-10浓度明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）；MODS组和死亡组IL-6浓度和APACHEⅡ评分分别明显高于非MODS组和存活组（P〈0．01）；MODS组和死亡组IL-10浓度分别与非MODS组和存活组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。SIRS患者IL-6浓度与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关（r=0．8813，P〈0．01），IL-10浓度与APACHEⅡ评分无相关性（r=0．0627，P〉0．05）。结论 在SIRS患者中早期检测血清IL-6浓度对患者病情和预后有判断作用，早期检测IL-10浓度对患者的预后没有判断作用。     

体外循环手术中C3、C4的检测意义

目的 了解体外循环(CPB)手术对病人血浆中C3、C4的影响。方法 用透射比浊法测定行心脏瓣膜置换术前后病人血浆中C3、C4浓度,并进行比较。结果 术前与术后血浆中C3、C4差异有显著性(P<0.05),血浆中C3、C4降低的谷值在CPB末。结论 CPB导致术后早期大量补体激活,易引起全身性炎症反应综合征(SIRS),减少补体激活程度可降低炎症反应强度。     

Defining sepsis on the wards: results of a multi‐centre point‐prevalence study comparing two sepsis definitions

Our aim was to prospectively determine the predictive capabilities of SEPSIS‐1 and SEPSIS‐3 definitions in the emergency departments and general wards. Patients with National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of 3 or above and suspected or proven infection were enrolled over a 24‐h period in 13 Welsh hospitals. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 30 days. Out of the 5422 patients screened, 431 fulfilled inclusion criteria and 380 (88%) were recruited. Using the SEPSIS‐1 definition, 212 patients had sepsis. When using the SEPSIS‐3 definitions with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥ 2, there were 272 septic patients, whereas with quickSOFA score ≥ 2, 50 patients were identified. For the prediction of primary outcome, SEPSIS‐1 criteria had a sensitivity (95%CI) of 65% (54–75%) and specificity of 47% (41–53%); SEPSIS‐3 criteria had a sensitivity of 86% (76–92%) and specificity of 32% (27–38%). SEPSIS‐3 and SEPSIS‐1 definitions were associated with a hazard ratio (95%CI) 2.7 (1.5–5.6) and 1.6 (1.3–2.5), respectively. Scoring system discrimination evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves was highest for Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (0.69 (95%CI 0.63–0.76)), followed by NEWS (0.58 (0.51–0.66)) (p < 0.001). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (0.55 (0.49–0.61)) and quickSOFA score (0.56 (0.49–0.64)) could not predict outcome. The SEPSIS‐3 definition identified patients with the highest risk. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and NEWS were better predictors of poor outcome. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score appeared to be the best tool for identifying patients with high risk of death and sepsis‐induced organ dysfunction.     

大黄素对全身炎性反应综合征时中性粒细胞凋亡异常治疗的研究

目的研究大黄素对全身炎性反应综合征(SIRS)时中性粒细胞即多形核白细胞(polymorphonuc lear neutro-ph il,PMN)凋亡异常的治疗作用。方法32例SIRS患者(均为急性胰腺炎)提取外周血PMN后分为四组,即对照组、大黄素治疗组、白细胞介素(IL)-10治疗组、地塞米松治疗组,分别培养24 h后观察两组的PMN凋亡情况(采用流式细胞仪和TUNEL方法定量检测)。结果对照组外周血PMN细胞凋亡率为(42±8)%,大黄素治疗组PMN细胞凋亡率为(54±10)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组凋亡指数(AI)为25±7,大黄素治疗组外周血PMN的AI为33±9,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。而IL-10治疗组、地塞米松治疗组与对照组比较则无明显变化。结论大黄素对SIRS患者外周血的PMN凋亡延迟有治疗作用。