住院患者医院感染的临床调查分析

目的为了解本院住院患者医院感染发病情况,以加强对重点科室感染病原菌的监控,预防医院感染的发生. 方法采用纵向分析方法,对2000年(7～12月)与2002年(7～12月)的住院患者病历进行前瞻性和回顾性调查. 结果本院2002年(7～12月)与2000年(7～12月)相比,肿瘤科、血液科、消化内科医院感染发生率居于前位,并呈上升趋势,而呼吸内科医院感染发生率由3.99%上升至12.37%,尤为明显;神经内科、外科、心内科医院感染发生率呈下降趋势. 结论通过定期监控及纵向同期分析比较,加强医护人员防护知识宣教,重视规范使用现代医疗技术及合理使用抗生素,减少不必要的侵袭性操作,有效地预防及控制医院感染的发生.     

临床实验室医源性感染的控制与管理

目的研究临床实验室医源性感染的控制与管理. 方法采用回顾性总结的方法,找出存在的问题,制定相关管理制度并采取相应控制措施. 结果最大限度地控制临床实验室医源性感染,保护了实验人员的健康安全. 结论制度健全、管理到位、控制措施得当,临床实验室的医源性感染可以得到有效控制.     

Social Hearing Handicap Index

As a supplement to the acoustic examination at the hearing centre, a questionnaire has devised to reflect patients’ hearing handicaps in daily life. It consists of 21 questions, with which a patient's bias to answer in scored. The principles on which the test was prepared are discussed in general and can therefore be applied to other languages. 25 normally-hearing individuals were examined, together with 198 patients with all kinds of hearing disorders; a rather high correlation (90%) was found between the social hearing handicap index (SHI), and the degree of hearing handicap (SRT). It has, however, been proved that other factor, such as lip-reading capacity, influence the social handicap. The SHI, before and after audiological treatment at the hearing centre, serves as a useful standard to control the effectiveness of our measures, since they are experienced by the patient himself.     

FROM THE EDITORS

Abstract

Consumer empowerment through authoritative health information is a positive force in today's health care environment. As the nation's lead agency for protecting the health and safety of people, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has as part of its mission the responsibility of providing credible information to enhance health decisions. CDC health communications are provided through many venues, and particularly its Web site. This article identifies CDC consumer health sites, giving particular attention to two new initiatives, the CDC Kids Page and CDC en Espãol, which have been developed for specialized consumer health audiences.     

医院制剂复方甘草口服溶液质量回顾分析

目的 对医院制剂复方甘草口服溶液进行质量回顾分析,及时发现并纠正生产过程的不良趋势,保证制剂质量.方法 采用单值-移动极差控制图法和风险级别判断矩阵对中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院近五年生产的复方甘草口服溶液质量进行分析.结果 2014年6月至2019年6月,该院生产的30批次复方甘草口服溶液质量符合法定标准,控制图显示该品种生产工艺较稳定,针对复方甘草口服溶液中愈创木酚甘油醚含量波动较大的问题进行风险分析并采取了有效措施控制风险.结论 控制图分析结合风险管理,更有利于我院持续、稳定地生产出质量优异的复方甘草口服溶液.     

Impact of Guidelines for Antihypertensive Treatment on Clinical Practice

Many Guidelines and Consensus Statements were published in 1993 and 1994. The pressure to produce these guidelines comes from clinicians faced with rapid change, from a wish to provide an independent authoritative view rather than rely on commercial promotion of particular treatments, and from governments seeking assistance with the allocation of scarce resources.

Evaluation of the impact that guidelines exert on clinical practice is notoriously difficult, but has been attempted using the self-report questionnaire, or the more reliable but expensive analysis of actual practice data, before and after publication of the guidelines.     

The effect of multimedia-based education on students’ anger management skill

IntroductionAnger leads to behaviors that cause a lot of damage. Life skills training can be effective in controlling anger because anger is due to a lack of skills and unpredictability of the situation. The present study aimed to determine the effect of multimedia-based education on students’ anger management skill.Material and methodsThe quasi-experimental study was performed on 88 students of Anesthesiology, Nursing, Midwifery and Operating Room of North Khorasan Nursing and Midwifery School. The educational content was screened through the monitor in front of the main hall of the Nursing & Midwifery School during the students’ attendance for one week. Students’ anger control skills were assessed by tests paired T-test, independent T-test and one-way ANOVA. Data were analyzed using spss16 software.ResultsThe mean age of the students was 20 ± 2.3. Regarding the effect of multimedia-based education on students’ anger control skills, the mean of anger control score was 24.61 ± 2.83 (Min = 11 and Max = 33) before the intervention, and 28.64 ± 2.40 after the intervention. There was a significant difference in mean scores before and after the intervention (P = .000).ConclusionMultimedia-based education has been effective in controlling students’ anger. Given the effect of multimedia-based education on anger control skills, this approach can be used to teach other essential topics to students, including life skills, especially in health science students.     

413例医院感染患者调查分析

目的了解医院感染发生的现状,以便采取有效措施防控医院感染发生。方法对20161例出院患者进行回顾性调查分析。结果发生医院感染413例,感染率为2.05%(1.73%～2.29%),科室以神经外科感染率较高,感染部位以呼吸道感染占首位,疾病以神经系统疾病患者为高发人群,病原体种类以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主。结论医院感染的发生主要与患者基础疾病特点相关,应根据具体情况采取有效措施,尽可能地预防医院感染发生。