Reporting Australia’s forest biodiversity I: forest-dwelling and forest-dependent native species

Species-level indicators based on the Montreal Process criteria and indicators framework are used to report Australia’s progress towards sustainable forest management, in national and international reporting of Australia’s forest biodiversity status and trends. This paper reviews the historical development of these indicators and related databases. A recent major development has been the establishment of a comprehensive suite of national inventory databases on Australia’s native forest-dwelling vertebrate fauna and vascular flora for reporting in the Australia’s State of the Forests Report series. Although these databases are incomplete, nearly 17 000 species records of vascular plants and over 2000 vertebrate species records have been assembled. Of the 2212 records of forest-dwelling vertebrate species, half (1101 species) are forest-dependent species that require a forest habitat for at least part of their lifecycle. Based on the frequency of habitat-use records, eucalypt open forest and eucalypt woodland forest are the most important habitat types for both forest-dwelling and forest-dependent vertebrate species. Monitoring of species varies nationally and across states and territories, with the most comprehensive approach undertaken in south-west Western Australia. Improved application of these databases to the reporting of species indicators will require improved collection of species records, inclusion of habitat data in records, and analysis of these records as time series with changing forest cover and condition. These databases also have application for informing forest-related indicators for the 2020 Aichi Biodiversity Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity.     

42例丹红注射液不良反应/事件报告分析

目的分析丹红注射液在临床应用过程中的不良反应。方法收集42例我院监测中心数据库丹红注射液发生的不良反应,统计分析患者基本情况、原患疾病、ADR/ADE发生时间、ADR/ADE累及器官和系统、不良反应处理结果。结果发生不良反应患者年龄大于60岁19例,占全部病例45.24%;原患疾病以心脑血管病为多,占总数52.73%,ADR/ADE发生时间在30分钟以内33例,占总数78.57%,发生在60分钟以内41例,占总数97.62%。不良反应累及多个器官,皮肤及其附件不良反应21例,占总数44.68%。结论丹红注射液在使用过程中应该根据患者基本情况给药,密切监测给药后患者的身体状况,尽量减少不良反应的发生。     

中国肝移植注册进度报告

4年前，中国21家肝移植中心成立了中国肝移植协作组，共同创立了中国肝移植注册（China Liver Transplant Registry，CLTR）。CLTR的目标是利用海量的临床数据支持中国肝移植科学有序的发展。在过去的4年中，CLTR有了较大的发展。2008年5月，CLTR获得卫生部的正式授权。2008年6月，CLTR与卫生部联合召开了新闻发布会，向公众发布了CLTR的现状与发展规划。2008年10月，CLTR的参与中心已经达到90家，包括所有获得国家批准的80家有肝移植资质的移植中心和10家肝移植受者随访中心。CLTR数据库已经收集了近13000例肝移植受者的数据，成为世界第三大肝移植数据库。     

上海市普陀区社区卫生服务中心门诊伤害监测分析

目的掌握普陀区伤害流行现状,了解伤害防治的侧重点,为建立完善的伤害监测系统提供依据。方法在普陀区建立以社区卫生服务中心为基础的伤害病例报告网络及监测系统,并加强报告单位的质量管理检查,落实伤害报告制度。结果普陀区门诊伤害病例中,多发年龄段为以中老年女性为主,伤害原因集中在跌落、跌倒,占66.48%。男性伤害多发于街道和公路,女性则以家中为主。结论普陀区伤害防治重点人群应为中老年女性。同时,应把本区的二、三级医院纳入监测系统以完善本区地伤害病例报告监测系统。     

英文医学期刊在初创时期的工作路径及关键举措

【目的】 探讨我国英文医学期刊在不同发展阶段的工作重点及关键举措,为初创期刊提供切实可行的路径指引。【方法】 回顾《胃肠病学报道(英文)》在近10年的发展历程,将期刊的发展历程分为筹备期、创刊初期、快速发展期、品牌积累期4个阶段,重点梳理期刊在筹备期及创刊初期遇到的突出问题以及所采取的重要举措。【结果】 在英文医学期刊筹备期,刊名和办刊团队一经确定就可以双线推进“组建编委会-组稿约稿”与“寻求国际出版合作-制定相关出版政策和流程”工作,以加快出刊进程。需格外重视最初2期稿件的学术质量和编校质量,这直接决定期刊能否尽早被PubMed收录,而被PubMed收录有助于后续约稿工作的开展。在创刊初期,选题策划和组稿约稿是工作核心;建立高水平的国际化审稿队伍,并通过密切的沟通交流保证其审稿积极性是工作难点;认真制定年度市场推广计划,并积极参与市场推广是容易被忽略的工作;了解重要数据库的收录标准,并把握申请收录的时间点则是期刊发展的关键。【结论】 充分的创刊准备和合理的工作路径,是确保我国英文医学期刊平稳度过初期发展阶段、迈入快速发展轨道的关键。     

Analysis of patients with drug‐induced pemphigoid using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database

To clarify the incidence of drug‐induced pemphigoid in Japan, we conducted a database search and analysis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER). Among the cases recorded in JADER between April 2004 and November 2017, we targeted “pemphigoid” and analyzed the patients’ backgrounds, drug involvement, time of pemphigoid onset, outcomes and year reported. For cases where three or more drugs were reportedly involved, the signal index was calculated using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method. The total number of reported pemphigoid cases was 769. Males accounted for 58% (446 cases) and patients over the age of 60 years accounted for 82% (630 cases). The most frequently reported causative drug was vildagliptin (288 cases), followed in order by sitagliptin phosphate hydrate (102 cases), teneligliptin hydrobromide hydrate (86 cases), linagliptin (64 cases) and furosemide (46 cases). For the 27 causative drugs, the safety signal was detected by the ROR method. The median time to onset tended to be long for these drugs. For vildagliptin with the largest reported number, the value was 508 days (range, 2–1871). Analysis of outcomes demonstrated recovery or improvement in 66.3% of cases. Analysis of the years in which reports had been published revealed that the number of pemphigoid cases has increased rapidly in recent years. Our survey was able to reveal useful data on the incidence of drug‐induced pemphigoid. We expect that these results will aid the early detection and treatment of this condition.     

《FIGO 2018妇癌报告》——病理及分子病理学指南解读

病理报告的内容除了组织病理学诊断外，还应包括与治疗及预后有关的特定信息。因此，病理医师必须充分了解和熟悉妇科肿瘤的临床或手术分期及治疗方案，从而确保病理报告中包含临床所需要的相关信息。同样，妇科肿瘤医师必须熟知妇科病理学所使用的术语，以便充分理解病理学报告。指南主要总结了几种最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤的病理学特征及主要分子病理改变。因为篇幅所限且本文主要针对妇瘤科医生，我们主要保留了原文中的病理信息，删减了临床相关内容，临床部分可参阅本刊各个具体肿瘤的解读。 浏览更多请关注本刊微信公众号及当期杂志。     

Addiction Research Ethics and the Belmont Principles: Do Drug Users Have a Different Moral Voice?

This study used semi-structured interviews and content analysis to examine moral principles that street drug users apply to three hypothetical addiction research ethical dilemmas. Participants (n = 90) were ethnically diverse, economically disadvantaged drug users recruited in New York City in . Participants applied a wide range of contextually sensitive moral precepts, including respect, beneficence, justice, relationality, professional obligations, rules, and pragmatic self-interest. Limitations and implications for future research and the responsible conduct of addiction research are discussed.