Total and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor in pregnancy hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role played by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in pregnancy hypertension. METHODS: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, hemostatic measurements were obtained for women with pre-eclampsia (n=51), nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (n=62), postpartum pre-eclampsia 24 h after childbirth (n=31), and no hypertension (healthy pregnant controls, n=100). RESULTS: There was a significant increase in circulating free TFPI levels in women with pre-eclampsia (9.7+/-6.2 ng/mL) or nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (8.3+/-5.3 ng/mL) compared with healthy controls (5.3+/-2.1 ng/mL). In women with pre-eclampsia the levels remained elevated after placental delivery (10.6+/-4.0 ng/mL). Free protein S levels were significantly higher in women with pre-eclampsia (40.0%+/-10.7%), nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (37.1%+/-12.5%), or postpartum pre-eclampsia (39.3%+/-9.1%) than in healthy pregnant controls (32.2%+/-8.5%). CONCLUSION: Increased levels of the physiologically active free forms of TFPI and free protein S, 2 coagulation inhibitors, may protect women with pregnancy-induced hypertension from the risks of hemostatic activation.     

妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石的急诊腔内技术处理

目的探讨妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急诊腔内技术处理的安全性和有效性。方法1998年6月至2005年3月,对17例妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急症的患者行急诊腔内技术治疗。患者年龄21～35岁,平均27岁,孕周20～36周,平均29周。表现为肾绞痛反复发作11例,发热4例,急性梗阻性无尿2例。结石位于左侧5例、右侧10例、双侧2例；结石位于输尿管上段8例、中段5例、下段2例,双侧下段2例。结石大小6mm×7mm～13mm×21mm。患侧轻度肾积水6例,中度11例。行经尿道输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石14例；输尿管上段结石推至肾盂1例；因无法进镜而单纯留置双J管2例。结果17例患者的肾绞痛、发热等症状经治疗后完全消失。结石一次取净者14例(82.4%)。残留结石者3例,留置双J管至分娩后,其中1例每3个月更换双J管。未发生先兆流产或早产等情况,无输尿管穿孔及其他并发症。留置双J管后出现排尿后腰部不适1例,3d后缓解；术后肉眼血尿1例,6d后自行消失。17例均顺利生产,婴儿健康。结论经尿道输尿管镜腔内技术治疗妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急性发作安全、有效。     

Long-term outcome and complications of children born with meningomyelocele

The long-term functional outcome of 101 children born with meningomyelocele between 1971 and 1981 was assessed, by a combination of retrospective chart review and follow-up assessments. The children had been managed at birth using a process ofnonstandardized selection. Eighty-three of the 101 patients survived after a minimum follow-up of 8.6 years, for a mortality rate of 18%. Forty-four of 83 children (53%) were community ambulators, and this correlated well with the presence of intact quadriceps function. Forty-eight children (58%) attended normal school and were grade-appropriate. Sixty-two of 83 patients (75%) were socially continent of urine, and 71/83 (86%) were socially continent of stool. Hydrocephalus was present in 93 of the 101 children in the study, and 85 children were shunted. Half of the shunted children required a shunt revision in the first year of life, and thereafter the rate of revision decreased, so that after 2 years the risk of revision was approximately 10% per year.     

抗心磷脂抗体定性定量方法在抗磷脂综合征疗效评价中的应用

目的探讨抗磷脂综合征(APS)患者治疗前后的抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)的定性定量水平及其对妊娠结局的影响,比较ACA定量与定性的准确性和灵敏度。方法对我院门诊APS孕妇40例,用定性定量方法监测治疗前后ACA的变化及对治疗后妊娠结局的影响。结果(1)定量方法检测治疗前的ACA-IgG和ACA-IgM滴度分别为(67.63±2.53)U和(49.40±3.64)U;治疗后的ACA-IgG和ACA-IgM滴度分别为(23.87±1.54)U和(21.60±2.59)U,两者比较,治疗后的ACA滴度水平显著低于治疗前水平(P<0.01)。定性方法检测APS孕妇,治疗后ACA转阴率为75%。(2)40例孕妇经治疗均娩出正常新生儿,ACA定量转阴组的妊娠并发症发生率(0.6%)较未转阴组(14.3%)显著降低(P<0.01)。ACA定性定量同时阴性组的妊娠并发症发生率(0.9%)较定性阴性而定量阳性组(7.1%)显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后30例孕妇ACA定性转阴,但其ACA-IgG和ACA-IgM滴度分别为(27.63±6.05)和(20.13±5.60)U/ml。结论ACA定性与定量均能准确有效的监测ACA水平,反映疗效及预测预后;ACA定量是一种较定性更准确灵敏的诊断监测方法。     

Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy: A Prospective Study From Pathology to Clinical Outcome

Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is widely accepted to treat hemorrhoids, but serious complications have been reported. In this prospective audit, we correlated clinical outcome with pathological findings. From January 2003 to April 2007, 94 patients underwent hemorrhoidopexy. Macroscopic appearance of the specimen (shape, size, and depth) was recorded. Microscopically, the presence of columnar, transitional, and squamous epithelium, the involvement of circular/longitudinal smooth muscle, and features of mucosal prolapse were assessed. Clinical outcome was evaluated by a validated questionnaire. Postoperative pain, secretion, and bleeding durations were 12.7 +/− 10.6, 5.6 +/− 9.6, and 6.3 +/− 8.4 days. Patient’s return to work averaged 16.7 +/− 10.7 days. Fissure, skin tags, and anal strictures were observed in 23.4%. Seven patients experienced pain for a significantly longer period of time. All specimens contained columnar mucosa, but 29.8% contained columnar and transitional epithelium and 12.8% contained columnar, anal transitional, and stratified squamous epithelium. Smooth muscle was observed in 62.7%. Pain was significantly increased if transitional epithelium was present in the specimen. No correlation or differences were observed if smooth muscle was present, although postoperative bleeding was more frequent. Hemorrhoidopexy is safe and effective. The specimen should always be sent for pathology examination. Only columnar epithelium should be present and, although the presence of smooth muscle does not influence the outcome in terms of functional results, its presence may play a role in postoperative bleeding. Presented as poster at the Digestive Disease Week, May 2007, Washington, USA     

孕妇配偶的心理压力研究

目的描述孕妇配偶的压力水平 ,找出引起孕妇配偶压力的主要压力源。方法对 167例孕妇配偶用妊娠压力量表测量其压力水平及压力源。结果孕妇配偶的妊娠压力水平总分为 1.5 3 ,引起孕妇配偶压力的最主要的压力源是“为确保母子健康和安全而引发的压力 ( 1.88)”。结论护士的服务对象不应局限于孕妇 ,还应包括其配偶 ,根据孕妇配偶具体的压力源给予有针对性的护理 ,以利于有效地降低其压力水平。使孕妇配偶能顺利地度过角色转变期 ,在妊娠和分娩的应激下保持心身健康 ,更好地完成照顾孕妇和婴儿的任务。     

卵巢低反应患者大剂量超排卵的助孕结局

在辅助生殖助孕中通常采用控制性卵巢刺激(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, COS),以获得适当数量的卵子用于体外受精,既希望获得理想的辅助生殖助孕成功率,又能降低卵巢过度刺激并发症.COS中约有9%~24%[1,2]的卵巢低反应发生率.卵巢低反应者获得有效卵子数少、可移植胚胎数少或无胚胎移植、取消治疗周期率高,累计成功率更低等,导致较差的治疗结局,是辅助生殖助孕中面临的棘手问题.针对卵巢低反应者,大多数辅助生殖中心仍会采用增加促性腺激素(Gn)的起始和(或)总用量以期获得提高助孕结局的目的.而大剂量Gn是否为改善低反应患者助孕结局的有效策略却仍存在争议.