应用荧光斑点法和比值法检测G6PD

目的建立适合于G6PD缺乏的新生儿筛查及确诊方法。方法应用荧光斑点法(FST)对新生儿筛查滤纸干血片进行检测，对可疑阳性者召回，抽静脉血以D6PD／6PGD比值法进行确诊，同时结合新生儿父母亲的G6PD结果，根据遗传关系综合分析。结果FST筛查25000例新生儿，G6PD缺乏阳性率为4．56％，确诊检出率为4．09％。与比值法的符合率为90．4％，G6PD重度缺乏者的符合率为100％，G6PD中间缺乏者的符合率为78．5％，室间质量控制结果与反馈结果符合率为100％。结论FST汀具有高的敏感性、特异性和准确性，方法简便、快捷、费用低廉，可对滤纸干血片标本进行大规模的筛查检测，同时利用比值法进行确诊，可减少假阳性及假阴性，有利于早期诊断和防治G6PD缺乏所致的新生儿黄疸和急性溶血。     

Role of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders

Intraneuronal inclusions containing ubiquitylated filamentous protein aggregates are a common feature of many of the major human neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Loss of function mutations in enzymes of the ubiquitin conjugation/deconjugation pathway are sufficient to cause familial forms of neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that failure of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis could also be central to inclusion formation in the more common sporadic cases. Examination of ubiquitin-positive inclusions at the protein level provides evidence of attempted proteasomal proteolysis, however close inspection of the temporal aspects of inclusion formation indicates that ubiquitylation is probably a late event. In this regard, the presence of ubiquitin within inclusions of idiopathic neurodegenerative disorders may indicate not a primary dysfunction of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, but rather a secondary, presumably protective cellular response. Within this model, other factors are likely to be initiating in inclusion biogenesis. Consistent with these proposals, non-ubiquitylated forms of the principal ubiquitylated components of Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tangles and Parkinson's disease Lewy bodies, tau and alpha-synuclein proteins, respectively, can be degraded by proteasomes in a pathway which does not have an absolute requirement for ubiquitylation. Inhibition of proteasome function in the pathological state, as has been reported in both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, could therefore contribute both to accumulation of non-ubiquitylated forms of aggregation-prone neuronal proteins, as well as impaired clearance of ubiquitylated aggregates.     

柳州地区女性新生儿高胆红素血症患儿G6PD基因突变类型及临床特点--附七例报告

目的探讨柳州地区籍女性新生儿黄疸儿G6PD基因突变类型与其临床表现特点之间的关系.方法采用基因芯片技术检测了7例柳州地区籍女性新生儿黄疸儿的G6PD基因突变类型,并对其临床表现特点进行分析.结果 (1)7例女患儿G6PD基因突变共检出4种类型,包括G1388A、A95G、G1376T及G392T,其中5例为杂合子.(2)G6PD酶学检查5例表现为中间型,且临床黄疸症状较轻,治疗效果好.结论柳州地区籍女性新生儿黄疸儿的G6PD基因突变类型多见G1388A、A95G、G1376T突变,以杂合子改变占多数.     

Mast cell corticotropin-releasing factor subtype 2 suppresses mast cell degranulation and limits the severity of anaphylaxis and stress-induced intestinal permeability

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How the lack of visuomotor feedback affects even the early stages of goal-directed pointing movements

Pointing movements made with a hidden cursor from the center of gaze to a stationary, visible target overshot the actual target location. The systematic error decreased when the final cursor location from the previous trial was shown, which likely led to the creation of an internal sensorimotor model of movement. However, the putative model had a short memory, and could not substitute for on-line visuomotor feedback on subsequent trials. Contrary to common belief, the effect of a lack of visuomotor feedback was seen even in the early acceleration stage of the movement trajectory. Unchecked in the absence of visual monitoring, the acceleration stage of the movement lasted longer, as was evidenced by the significantly larger value of the peak cursor speed. Moreover, the speed peaked much later in the course of the movement. Speed declined more rapidly thereafter. Consequently, the delayed deceleration stage lasted far less than the acceleration stage. In the absence of visual feedback, the shift rightward in time of the peak speed position (PSP) in relation to total movement duration and other changes in the trajectory imply that visual feedback must play a significant role in determining when acceleration ceases (d V/d t=0), and argue against the traditional notion that visuomotor feedback is unavailable until the later stages of movement. Moreover, our data suggest that non-visual modalities, e.g., proprioception, may be too slow to make up for the absence of vision.     

The location and distribution of type A and type B atrial endings in cats

Summary In the attempt to explain the difference in discharge pattern of atrial endings, 131 endings were localized by punctate stimulation, 44 were type A, 77 type B and 10 of an intermediate type. All were located on the dorsal wall of the atria with none on the ventral wall or in the appendage. On the right side, 74% of type A were located in the atria and 63% of type B in or near the veins. On the left side, 67% of type A and 94% of type B were located in or near the veins. Thus, there appeared to be some difference in the location of type A and type B endings on the right side, but on the left side both types of endings were for the most part confined to the venous region. Further, on both right and left sides, these endings were present both in the central part of the atria and in or adjacent to veins. This leads to the suggestion that the difference in discharge patterns is not caused by the location but may be due to some other reasons, e. g. difference of arrangement in the atrial wall with respect to the contractile elements.     

一种含多个CCP结构域的新型基因的克隆及生物学特性初探

目的克隆并分析新型基因CCP22，研究其结构及初探生物学特性。方法常规分子克隆、生物信息学分析、Western blot、RT—PCR。结果利用酵母双杂交技术从人乳腺文库中分离到一种含有22个补体调控蛋白（complement control protein，CCP）序列元件的新基因，命名为CCP22。生物信息学分析发现，该基因定位于人染色体9q31．2-32，共15个外显子，基因编码序列全长4494bp，编码1497个氨基酸。将CCP22基因全长编码序列克隆于真核载体中，该表达载体转染人胚肾细胞293T后获得的表达产物经Western blot证实CCP22属于分泌蛋白。将CCP22与绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）标签融合后证实CCP22主要分布在细胞核外。Northern blot证实，内源性CCP22 mRNA转录本全长约6kb。RT-PCR检测表明，CCP22在正常乳腺细胞株中高表达，而在多种乳腺肿瘤细胞株中不表达或低表达。结论CCP22在乳腺肿瘤发生发展中可能发挥重要作用。     

额叶脑回的横断层定位

目的:在横切面上利用髓突对成人端脑额叶脑回进行影像学定位.方法:取20例正常成人尸头标本,作层厚6mm之横切脑片,选取其中典型层面,观察分析额上、中、下回所对应髓突的方向、数目等特征形态.结果:各切面.各脑回所对应髓突为1～2支;时针12-12点半方向髓突所对应脑回是额上回;时针12点半-1点(左)及10点半-11点半(右)方向髓突所对应脑回是额中回;时针2-3点(左)及9-11点(右)方向髓突所对应脑回是额下回.结论:额上、中、下回与髓突之间有对应规律可寻,影像学上可以通过髓突定位额上、中、下回.     

Antigen and checkpoint receptor engagement recalibrates T cell receptor signal strength

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