Patient Perspectives on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: A Focus on Sexual Health

BackgroundIn the last decade, many novel minimally invasive surgical techniques within benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery were developed to reduce postoperative complications that often discourage patients from pursuing BPH surgery.AimTo assess perspective of future and past international BPH surgery patients regarding their postoperative complications, namely erectile and ejaculatory function.MethodsA survey was distributed randomly to 2 groups of BPH patients: one with 149 patients having undergone surgery in the last 2 years (group A), and the other cohort of 151 men seriously considering BPH surgery in the next year (group B). This survey consisted of 20 questions that assessed patients' motivating factors for undergoing elective BPH surgery and their perspectives regarding the potential postoperative complications attributed to BPH surgery.OutcomesThe perspective of future and past international BPH surgical patients towards the preservation of their erectile and ejaculatory functions was assessed with the help of a survey.ResultsResults indicated that in general BPH surgery patients considered the maintenance of erectile (95%, n = 284) and ejaculatory function (92%, n = 276) to be important preoperative considerations, regardless of their age. Patients aged 50–59 years were most concerned with the permanent impact on sexual function and patients aged >60 years were most concerned with urinary incontinence. In patients aged >70 years, 66% (n = 43) and 62% (n = 40) of the respondents indicated that maintaining erectile and ejaculatory function was important, respectively.Clinical ImplicationsPatient-centered care needs to be implemented in order to address the importance that past and future BPH surgery patients hold toward the maintenance of their postoperative sexual function.Strengths & LimitationsIn the group of patients having previously undergone BPH surgery, the possibility of recall bias should be taken into account when interpreting the study's findings. However, maintaining sexual function was also important for the group of patients seriously considering surgery in the next year suggesting that these considerations are not solely due to recall bias. Additionally, the results were limited by the small sample size of participants in groups A (n = 149) and B (n = 151).ConclusionIt was found that past and future BPH surgery patients attribute a significant importance toward the maintenance of their sexual function. Although novel approaches with better sexual outcomes such as Rezum and UroLift for prostates <80 mL, and Aquablation for any size prostate are available, more research is needed to investigate their long-term effects on sexual function before they can be recommended to patients.Bouhadana D, Nguyen D-D, Zorn KC, et al. Patient Perspectives on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: A Focus on Sexual Health. J Sex Med 2020;17:2108–2112.     

社区老年患者拔牙的临床特点分析

目的：通过对近两年社区卫生服务中心327例老年病人拔牙临床观察，探讨基层社区老年病人的特点。方法：通过心理、精神和技术方面的配合，安全顺利地完成拔牙术。结果：除5例病人术后感头晕外，其余均顺利完成且病人满意。结论：社区卫生服务中心除具备熟练的技术外，医患之间心理沟通是必不可少的。     

经关节入路微创钢板固定技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折

目的探讨经关节入路微创钢板固定(MIPPO)技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折的临床疗效。方法2002年4月～2005年2月,应用MIPPO技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折14例,按AO/ASIF分类：C1型3例,C2型6例,C3型5例。先行关节内骨折切开复位、松质骨螺钉固定,再行髁上部分骨折间接复位、经关节内切口插入髁支撑钢板或LISS钢板桥接固定骨折。结果12例患者获得10～32个月(平均18．4个月)随访,骨折均获愈合,愈合时间10周～12个月,平均4．6个月。按Kolmert和Wulff的评价标准：优4例,良5例,可2例,差1例,优良率为75%。结论应用MIPPO技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折实现了微创操作,具有创伤小、软组织干扰少、骨折愈合快等优点,疗效满意。     

山药粗多糖的提取工艺

对鲜山药中水溶性粗多糖的提取工艺进行了研究,通过单因素试验和L9（34）正交试验,研究了料液比、提取温度、时间和乙醇体积分数对粗多糖得率的影响,极差分析及方差分析结果表明提取温度和料液比是影响山药粗多糖提取的主要因素,较优的工艺为料液比1 g：9 mL,温度50 ℃,时间2.5 h,乙醇体积分数75%,在此工艺条件下,鲜山药粗多糖得率为0.2449%（以鲜山药质量计）.     

经皮椎弓根技术治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床探讨

目的:探讨微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的可行性及其疗效。方法:20例胸腰椎骨折病例,男13例,女7例;年龄28~65岁,平均48·2岁。其中16例损伤平面以下无神经功能损害、无双下肢和大小便障碍;4例有不同程度的脊髓损伤,按Frankel分级:C级1例,D级3例。在C形臂X线的定位下确定需要固定的椎弓根根部,做4个1·5cm长的切口,固定与复位均在4个小切口内完成。结果:所有病例均获随访,时间9~18个月,平均15个月。术后患者椎体高度均有不同程度恢复,椎体后凸畸形获得不同程度矫正。手术时间约1·5h,出血量约80ml。结论:微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术操作简便、安全可靠,具有创伤小、出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短等优点。     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的诊治体会

目的探讨双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的诊治特点。方法26例高龄双侧慢性硬膜下血肿，全部病例均行头颅CT检查。2例在全麻下，其它在局麻下采取双侧钻单孔引流术。选定血肿最厚层面前中1／2到1／3处为钻孔点。结果漏诊一侧1例，其余术前诊断正确。25例术后痊愈，1例原有神经功能恢复不明显。结论仔细观察CT和选定合适的钻孔点是诊治的关键。     

枳椇子总黄酮提取工艺及其解酒作用

分别用水和乙醇作为溶剂加热提取枳椇子中的总黄酮,用比色法测定黄酮的含量,分别以提取时间、加热温度、料液比、提取次数等因素进行正交试验.对两种提取方法进行比较,确定各因素对提取效果的影响并对其解酒作用进行研究.水提取法的最优条件是：100 ℃,料液比1 g：8 mL,加热0.5 h,回流提取3次;醇提取法的最佳条件：80 ℃,料液比1 g：6 mL,加热1.5 h,以体积分数50%的乙醇回流提取3次.实验结果显示,醇提取法比水提取法效果更好,枳椇子提取液具有一定的解酒作用.     

酶法浸提枸杞的研究

通过对外源酶酶解枸杞效果的研究，结果表明：外源酶能显著提高枸杞浸提液中可溶性固形物和营养成分的含量，其单一纤维素酶和木瓜蛋白酶浸提枸杞的适宜pH值分别是5．0～5．5和pH值6．0，适宜的酶质量浓度分别为0．20g／dL和0．40～0．60g／dL，温度分别为55．C和65℃，适宜时间都为50-60min；两种酶组合浸提枸杞的较适pH值、温度、时间和酶组合分别为pH值5．5～6．0，55-60℃．50min和0．20g／dL纤维素酶＋0．40g／dL木瓜蛋白酶。     

Invasive Fungal Infections in Low-Risk Liver Transplant Recipients: A Multi-Center Prospective Observational Study

Prevention of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients utilizing postoperative systemic antifungal prophylaxis, typically with fluconazole, is justified among those at high risk for IFI. Use of postoperative antifungal prophylaxis for low-risk OLT recipients is widely practiced but not universally accepted nor supported by data. We conducted a prospective observational study among 200 OLT recipients who were at low risk for IFI and did not receive postoperative antifungal prophylaxis. Patients were considered low risk if they had /=units of 40 blood products or return to the operating room for intra-abdominal bleeding; return to the operating room for anastomotic leak or vascular insufficiency; preoperative serum creatinine of >/=2 mg/dL; and perioperative Candida colonization. Patients were followed 100 d post-transplantation for evidence of IFI. Of 193 eligible patients, 7 (4%) developed an IFI. Three (2%) IFIs were due to Candida spp. and potentially preventable by standard fluconazole prophylaxis. Three patients developed invasive aspergillosis; one developed late onset disseminated cryptococcosis. Liver transplant recipients at low risk for IFI can be identified utilizing pre-determined criteria, and post-transplantation antifungal prophylaxis can be routinely withheld in these patients.     

中药栀子超临界萃取物的挥发性成分研究

研究了栀子萃取的最佳工艺条件及其挥发油中的化学成分。以L9（3^4）正交设计对超临界萃取条件进行优化，GC-MS联用技术对挥发性成分进行定性及半定量分析。结果显示：55℃，35MPa，120min的萃取条件下挥发性成分的收率最高，超临界萃取产物的主要成分为亚油酸，棕榈酸，反，反-2，4-癸二烯醛，而传统水蒸汽蒸馏工艺下主要成分为反，反-2，4-癸二烯醛。与水蒸汽蒸馏工艺相比较。超临界流体萃取工艺且有革取率高。生产周期短的优点．