微小RNA-423-5p靶向乙醛脱氢酶2减轻脂多糖诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞损伤

目的 探讨微小RNA-423-5p(miR-423-5p)对脂多糖（LPS）诱导血管内皮细胞损伤的保护及作用机制。方法 用1 mg/L LPS诱导人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（HUVECs）24 h,Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测细胞中miR-423-5p和乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）的表达。通过转染anti-miR-423-5p和pcDNA-ALDH2下调miR-423-5p和上调ALDH2表达,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax的表达,并用ELISA试剂盒检测LPS诱导后细胞上清液中白细胞介素6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的含量;双荧光素酶报告系统验证miR-423-5p与ALDH2的调控关系。结果 与对照相比,LPS可诱导HUVECs凋亡和损伤,使HUVECs中miR-423-5p、Bax表达量及IL-6和TNF-α分泌量均显著升高（P<0.05）,ALDH2的mRNA和蛋白表达量及Bcl-2量显著降低（P<0.05）;下调mi-423-5p表达和过表达ALDH2均可减轻LPS诱导的HUVECs损伤并抑制细胞凋亡;miR-423-5p靶向负调控ALDH2的表达;抑制ALDH2表达逆转了下调miR-423-5p表达对LPS诱导的HUVECs损伤的作用。结论 下调miR-423-5p表达可靶向ALDH2减轻LPS对HUVECs的损伤并抑制细胞凋亡。     

芒果苷减轻缺氧复氧所致人心肌细胞损伤

目的:探讨芒果苷减轻缺氧复氧所致人心肌细胞损伤的效应及机制。方法:将人心肌AC16细胞分为正常对照组、缺氧复氧组及芒果苷(50、100和200μmol/L)+缺氧复氧组。分别采用RT-qPCR及Western blot法检测Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap-1)、Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3、caspase-9和超氧化物歧化酶2(SOD2)的mRNA及蛋白表达;Western blot法检测细胞核中核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf-2)的表达水平;RT-qPCR法检测miR-432-3p的表达;DCFH-DA探针检测细胞内活性氧簇(ROS)的生成;CCK-8法检测细胞活力;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果:相对于正常对照组,缺氧复氧处理AC16细胞后,miR-432-3p和Keap-1的mRNA及蛋白表达无明显变化,Nrf-2核转位和ROS生成增多(P<0.05),Bax、caspase-3和caspase-9的mRNA及蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.05),SOD2和Bcl-2的mRNA及蛋白水平以及细胞活力显著降低(P<0.05),细胞凋亡显著增多(P<0.05);相对于缺氧复氧组,芒果苷处理组miR-432-3p表达显著上调(P<0.05),ROS生成减少(P<0.05),Keap-1、Bax、caspase-3和caspase-9的mRNA及蛋白水平显著下降(P<0.05),Nrf-2核转位进一步增多(P<0.05),SOD2和Bcl-2的mRNA及蛋白水平以及细胞活力显著升高(P<0.05),细胞凋亡显著减少(P<0.05),中、高剂量组的效应明显优于低剂量组,中、高剂量组间的差异无统计学显著性。结论:芒果苷可抑制缺氧复氧损伤所造成的心肌细胞活力下降及细胞凋亡,其机制可能与其促进miR-432-3p表达,进而上调Nrf-2抗氧化应激效应有关。     

miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA甲基化在同型半胱氨酸致肝损伤中的作用

目的:探讨微小RNA-30a-5p(miR-30a-5p)启动子区DNA甲基化在肝损伤中的作用。方法:随机选取4周龄胱硫醚β-合成酶(CBS)基因正常(CBS+/+)小鼠(n=12)及单基因敲除(CBS+/-)小鼠(n=12),均给予高蛋氨酸饮食8周。HL-7702细胞体外常规培养,分为对照(control)组、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)组和Hcy+5-氮杂胞苷(AZC)组。全自动生化分析仪检测小鼠血清Hcy、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平;微板法测定肝细胞ALT和AST水平;小鼠肝脏石蜡切片行HE染色观察肝脏损伤情况;细胞活力染色检测肝细胞活力;RT-qPCR法检测小鼠肝脏组织和肝细胞中miR-30a-5p的表达;Pearson相关性分析肝脏miR-30a-5p表达与血清ALT和AST水平的相关性;巢式降落式甲基化特异性PCR(nMS-PCR)检测小鼠肝脏组织以及肝细胞中miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA甲基化水平的变化。结果:与CBS+/+对照组相比,CBS+/-组小鼠血清的Hcy、ALT和AST水平显著升高(P<0.05);HE染色显示肝细胞肿胀,可见核碎裂、溶解;肝脏miR-30a-5p表达明显降低(P<0.01);小鼠肝脏组织中miR-30a-5p的表达与血清ALT和AST的水平呈负相关(r2=0.4557,P=0.0003;r2=0.4626,P=0.0003);miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA的甲基化水平升高(P<0.01)。在细胞水平,与control组相比,Hcy组的ALT和AST水平升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),细胞活力显著降低,肝细胞miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA的甲基化水平升高(P<0.01),而使用AZC后miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA的甲基化水平降低(P<0.05),miR-30a-5p的表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:miR-30a-5p启动子区DNA高甲基化可能在肝损伤中发挥重要作用。     

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of microRNA-107 in human non small cell lung cancer

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs which can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. Researchers have found that the expression level of miR-107 was decreased in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cell lines, however, its clinicopathological and prognostic significance in NSCLC has not been investigated. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of miR-107 in 137 pairs of fresh NSCLC and matched adjacent normal tissue specimens. The chi-square test and Fishers exact tests were used to examine the associations between miR-107 expression and the clinicopathological characters. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed by log-rank test, and survival curves were plotted according to Kaplan-Meier. Results: The expression level of miR-107 was significantly lower in tumor tissues than that in corresponding noncancerous tissues (0.4676±0.2078 vs. 1.000±0.3953, P<0.001). Low expression of miR-107 was found to significantly correlate with TNM stage (p=0.001), regional lymph node involvement (p=0.04), and tumor differentiation (p=0.003). Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test indicated that low miR-107 expression had a significant impact on OS (35.2% vs. 69.3%; P=0.008) and PFS (30.0% vs. 56.2%; P=0.029). In a multivariate Cox model, we found that miR-107 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for both 5-year OS (HR=2.57, 95% CI: 1.88-10.28; P=0.007) and 5-year PFS (HR=3.08, 95% CI: 2.01-8.92; P=0.003). Conclusion: The expression of miR-107 was decreased in NSCLC. Low expression of miR-107 was significantly associated with tumor progression and decreased survival in patients with NSCLC, indicating that miR-107 may serve as a novel prognostic marker in NSCLC.     

miR-183 inhibits invasion of gastric cancer by targeting Ezrin

miR-183, a member of an evolutionarily conserved miRNA cluster (miR-96, miR-182, and miR-183), has been demonstrated to act as both a tumor suppressor and oncogene in various type of human cancer. However, the biological role of miR-183 in gastric cancer (GC) still remains unclear. In the present study, miR-183 expression was significantly decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with its’ adjacent normal tissues, and down-regulation of miR-183 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and pathological TNM stage. Furthermore, Erzin, which was reported to be up-regulated in gastric cancer, was identified as an efficient target of miR-183. Overexpression of miR-183 markedly suppressed cells invasion by downregulation of Ezrin expression. However, miR-183 expression didn’t affect cells proliferation and cell cycle distribution of GC. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-183 acts as a tumor suppressor in GC, partially at least via regulation of Ezrin. Therefore, miR-183 may be a potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.     

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of microRNA-21 overexpression in breast cancer: a meta-analysis

Recent studies have highlighted the role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a prognostic biomarker of breast cancer. However, controversy still remains. The present study aimed to summarize available evidences and obtain a more precise estimation of a prognostic role of miR-21 in breast cancer patients. All eligible studies were searched from PubMed and EMBASE through multiple search strategies. Data were extracted from studies comparing survival in breast cancer patients having higher miR-21 expression with those having lower expression. A meta-analysis was performed to clarify prognostic role of miR-21 in patients with breast cancer. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to patients’ ethnicity. A total of 6 eligible articles comprising 951 cases were selected for this meta-analysis. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for overall survival (OS) were 2.11 (1.09-4.08) and for disease free survival (DFS) was 1.6 (1.30-1.96). Subgroup analysis indicated high miR-21 expression was significantly associated with worse OS in Asian patients (HR = 4.39, 95% CI: 2.47-7.80) but not in non-Asian patients (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.81-1.70). Sensitivity analysis revealed results of this meta-analysis were robust. Odds ratios (ORs) showed that miR-21 expression was closely associated with estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), lymph node metastasis, histological grade, Her2/neu. The pooled ORs and 95% CIs were 0.53 (0.35-0.80), 0.49 (0.32-0.74), 2.32 (1.54-3.50), 2.44 (1.58-3.75), 4.29 (2.34-7.85), respectively. Our results indicated that elevated miR-21 expression could potentially predict poor survival in patients with breast cancer.     

microRNA-138通过靶向作用于CCND1抑制结肠癌细胞增殖

目的探讨人结肠癌细胞SW620中细胞周期蛋白1(CCND1)的表达情况及其异常表达对细胞增殖的影响,阐述microRNA-138(miR-138)在SW620增殖中的可能机制。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)以及Western blot确定结肠癌组织和癌旁组织中CCND1的表达情况;随后采用qT-PCR检测结肠癌组织内miR-138的表达,并通过统计学分析miR-138与CCND1表达的相关性,培养SW620细胞并转染miR-138模拟物(mimics)后验证miR-138与CCND1的相关性,在SW620细胞内进一步转染miR-138模拟物后,Transwell和MTT检测不同处理组中细胞增殖和迁移能力的改变情况;继续转染CCND1 siRNA后,探索miR-138影响细胞生物学过程的可能机制。结果结肠癌组织中,与相应癌旁组织相比,CCND1表达显著升高,miR-138表达降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);转染miR-138mimics后,与空白对照组(未转染组)相比,细胞迁徙能力下降,同时增殖降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);转染CCND1 siRNA后,与未转染组相比,miR-138表达变化无显著差异(P>0.05),而细胞侵袭能力和增殖能力较未转染组相比显著改变,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论结肠癌组织中CCND1异常升高可能与miR-138的表达降低有关,且miR-138影响SW620细胞的迁移和增殖能力可能是通过影响CCND1的表达实现的。     

CD98 siRNA-loaded nanoparticles decrease hepatic steatosis in mice

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid hepatic accumulation. Here, we investigated whether a reduction of CD98 expression mediated by CD98 siRNA-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) could attenuate liver disease markers in a mouse model of NAFLD. NPs were generated using a double emulsion/solvent evaporation technique. Mice fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks to induce fatty liver were treated with vein tail injections of CD98 siRNA-loaded NPs. In vitro, HepG2 treated with CD98 siRNA-loaded NPs showed significant downregulation of CD98 leading to a significant decrease of major pro-inflammatory cytokines and markers. In vivo, CD98 siRNA-loaded NPs strongly decreased all markers of NAFLD, including the blood levels of ALT and lipids accumulation, fibrosis evidence and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, our results indicate that CD98 appears to function as a key actor/inducer in NAFLD, and that our NPs approach may offer a new targeted therapeutic for this disease.     

Involvement of Sl00–related Calcium–binding Protein pEL98 (or mts1) in Cell Motility and Tumor Cell Invasion

We examined the relationship between cell motility and the expressions of pEL9S ( mtsl ) mRNA and protein in various imirine normal and transformed cells. The expression of pEL98 ( mtsl ) in v–Ha– ras –transformed NIH3T3 cells and in normal rat kidney cells transformed by either v–Ha– ras or v–src was increased over that in the corresponding parental cells at both mRNA and protein levels. The expression in normal rat fibroblasts (3Y1) transformed by v–Ha– ras was also increased compared with that in 3Y1 cells. However, the expression of pEL98 (mtsl) in 3Y1 cells transformed by v –src was increased in one clone (src 3Y1–K), but decreased in another clone (src 3Y1–H). The expression level of pEL98 (mtsl) correlated well with cell motility, which was examined by measuring cell tracks by phagokinesis. In order to test direct involvement of the pEL98 ( mtsl ) protein in cell motility, src 3Y1–H cells that showed low cell motility were transfected with pEL98 cDNA. The transfectants expressing large amounts of the pEL98 protein showed significantly higher cell motility than src 3Y1–H cells. The expression of pEL98 ( mtsl ) was also found to be correlated with motile and invasive abilities in various clones derived from Lewis lung carcinoma. These results suggest that the pEL98 ( mtsl ) protein plays a role in regulating cell motility and tumor cell invasiveness.