Blood endotyping distinguishes the profile of vitiligo from that of other inflammatory and autoimmune skin diseases

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Encuesta nacional sobre valoración de la actividad de los médicos internos residentes en los servicios de urgencias españoles

Introduction

The care activity of internal resident doctors is common to practically all medical and surgical training programs; however, there are no national data available regarding the situation of this activity from the perspective of the resident. The present study has sought to collect the opinion of the resident internal physicians on the health care performance and the teaching character that links them to their corresponding emergency departments, in the following areas: overall training value, appreciation of the workload, characteristics of the morning rotation, supervision or tutoring, etc.

Axonal trajectory of single group Ia and Ib fibers in the cat spinal cord

Intracellular staining with HRP of physiologically identified group Ia and Ib afferent fibers in the adult cat lumbosacral cord revealed that group Ia and Ib fibers take a similar course in the dorsal funiculus, but the collaterals emerging from them show a different topographical distribution and a different mode of branching in the gray matter. Ia collaterals terminate in laminae VI, VII, IX, and sometimes VIII, whereas Ib collaterals terminate only in lamina VI, or both VI and IX. In lamina IX, two large motor-type neurons received terminations of both Ia and Ib fibers at the same time.     

教育心理学和教学效益相关性的研究

本研究在罗马尼亚Oradea大学医药学院进行，始于1998年，结束于2003年。研究的出发点为该学院的学生们提出不少的教师，包括一些国内外知名的学者和医生，因缺乏教育心理学知识，不能很好地理解学生，组织教学和传授知识。因此，本研究设置了问卷调查，学院向教员开设了教育心理学课程(1998年10月～1999年7月)，与学生和教师座谈，统计并比较学生的考试成绩，特别地跟踪研究全国年度(1999年～2003年)医学证书汇考结果。研究结果客观地证实了教育心理学能够提高学习(工作)效益和成果，因为教育心理学知识使得教师(和医师)更好地与学生(或病人)沟通、理解和组织、合作。     

Danazol and stanozolol in long-term prophylactic treatment of hereditary angioedema

Treatment with 17 alpha-methyltestosterone and with some synthetic androgens prevents attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE). However, the potential hepatotoxicity of 17 alpha-alkylated androgens raises the problem of long-term prophylactic use of these agents. Therefore we compared the efficacy in preventing HAE attacks of 17 alpha-alkylated steroids (danazol and stanozolol) with non-17 alpha-alkylated derivatives (quinbolone, nandrolone decanoate and mesterolone). As the latter group proved ineffective, it seems that a drug's efficacy in preventing HAE attacks is connected to its 17 alpha-alkylation. Moreover, our long-term observations with the minimum effective dose of danazol seem to indicate the absence of important collateral effects.     

A histopathologic study of gastric and small intestinal graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

Twenty-two stomach and 14 small intestinal biopsy specimens from 24 allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients were reviewed to evaluate the histopathologic changes of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in these organs. Associations between these results and clinical symptoms and other biopsy results were sought. In both organs, single epithelial cell necrosis was found to correlate with GVHD. Gastric GVHD was diagnosed in eight patients and small intestinal GVHD in four. Gastric GVHD was characterized by nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal pain without diarrhea (the latter being present in only two patients), while all four of the patients with small intestinal GVHD had upper gastrointestinal symptoms and diarrhea. These symptoms correlated with concurrent rectal biopsy findings; pathologic alterations were seen in only one of six specimens from patients with gastric GVHD but in three of four with small intestinal GVHD. These findings suggest that stomach biopsy may be necessary to diagnose GVHD in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms but no diarrhea and normal rectal biopsy specimens. Diagnostic problems may arise in the early posttransplantation period, when the effects of cytoreductive therapy may simulate GVHD, and in patients with gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection, which may also produce changes identical to those of GVHD.     

Quantitative assays of pharmacologic aerosols used in studying asthma

To more nearly accurately quantitate the dose of pharmacologic agents delivered to human and animal airways via aerosols, we have developed a monodisperse aerosol containing either methacholine or histamine that permits a light scattering device (tyndallometry) to measure accurately the quantity of inspired and expired particles. These aerosols (described in previous studies) are simultaneously tagged with a radioactive label (technetium 99m) to permit the use of external gamma camera imaging. Present work focuses on the development of assay techniques to measure the quantity of methacholine delivered in these aerosols. The lack of specific radioimmune or radioenzyme assays coupled with the cross-reaction of organic contaminants with conventional chemical reagents for measuring methacholine required the development of separative techniques to isolate the methacholine from the organic aerosol contaminants. With aqueous extraction and column separation we have been able to completely isolate the methacholine from these contaminants. This allows the application of standard spectrophotometric assays for methacholine to quantitate the methacholine in the resulting solution. These separative techniques will permit the use of these aerosols in quantitative studies of airway reactivity.