我国高校网络教育资源建设探讨

从我国高校网络教育现状出发,结合陕西省现状对网络教育资源建设的内涵以及硬件资源、师资队伍、课程资源等方面作了较为系统的分析,在此基础上提出了相应的对策与建设方案.     

我国宪法监督的权力渊源与构造原理

我国宪法监督权的产生和构造的价值基础为人民主权原则。人民主权表明只有人民才最终享有宪法监督权。由于主客观方面的原因 ,人民直接行使监督权在通常情况下是很困难的 ,于是便将此权力委托给人民代表大会 ,但人大监督毕竟不能等同于人民监督 ,二者虽有联系但又相区别 ,在理论上不是同一个概念 ,在现实中也难免有不完全一致的可能。为了弥补这种缺憾 ,就应建立合理的权力分配体制和制衡机制 ,使得人民主权真正地有效地实现。然而我国现行的议行合一的权力分配体制却难以实现这一目标。因此要完善宪法监督制度 ,必须从模式上作根本性变革。     

Clients' perspective on service quality for type 2 diabetes in Australia

OBJECTIVES: To explore the needs, expectations, feelings and experiences of people with type 2 diabetes for developing quantitative instruments for a questionnaire study of service quality. METHODS: Using two focus group discussions (n=33), potential service quality dimensions for type 2 diabetes were assessed for Australian relevance. These included 11 indicators identified from a systematic literature review: communication, autonomy, choice of care provider, continuity of care, quality of basic amenities, dignity, timeliness, prevention and early detection, safety, confidentiality and availability. RESULTS: The focus group discussions supported the importance of the 11 service quality indicators but gave more importance to education, diet, communication, autonomy, choice of care provider and support group and less to confidentiality and availability. Three new themes were generated from the discussions: education, diet and support group. CONCLUSION: Measuring service quality for type 2 diabetes requires considering health system, culture and disease-specific factors.     

基于子宫腺肌症痛经的发病机制浅析电针、温针序贯治疗理论

探讨在众多治疗痛经有效的针灸方法中,依据子宫腺肌症痛经的发病机制,分别选用电针、温针进行序贯治疗,观察该方案对痛经远期疗效及瘤体大小的影响,为针灸治疗腺肌症痛经探索更高效的方法。     

Effectiveness of chemotherapy counselling on self-esteem and psychological affects among cancer patients in Malaysia: Randomized controlled trial

Objectives

The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate the outcomes of chemotherapy counselling based on the “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” module on self-esteem and psychological affect (anxiety, depression) of cancer patients by pharmacists in ten selected government hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia.

Death rounds: end-of-life discussions among medical residents in the intensive care unit

PURPOSE: We introduced "Death Rounds," a monthly discussion of the issues and emotions surrounding the care of dying patients, into the intensive care unit (ICU) rotations for medical house staff. We surveyed participating residents to evaluate their satisfaction with these discussions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Death Rounds occurred at university-based teaching hospitals in Seattle, Washington and Salt Lake City, Utah, between October 2000 and March 2002. Residents who had attended Death Rounds were surveyed in April 2002. RESULTS: A 10-item survey was distributed by e-mail to 116 residents in Utah and Washington. Of 116 residents, 97 (84%) responded to the survey; 50 of these 97 had attended at least one Death Rounds. Of these 50, the majority reported that Death Rounds were worthwhile (76%) and that sessions should be incorporated into all ICU rotations (76%). CONCLUSIONS: Death Rounds provide a unique opportunity for residents to discuss the issues raised in caring for dying patients. This conference can be easily incorporated into the ICU curriculum. Most residents who participated in the survey indicated that they valued Death Rounds and believed that it should be included in all ICU rotations.     

“东方之星客船倾覆事件”搜救人员血吸虫感染风险评估

目的评估"东方之星客船倾覆事件"发生流域灾后救援人员血吸虫感染风险,为科学制定防控措施提供依据。方法通过现场观察及回顾性调查等方式,获取监利县"东方之星客船倾覆事件"现场救援情况和当地血吸虫病历史疫情资料,结合专题小组讨论和风险矩阵,对救援人员感染血吸虫的风险进行评估。结果此次参与搜救人员超过10 000人,主要包括武警、当地群众、预备役军人等,其中武警为主要搜救人员(占39%)。回顾性调查显示,监利县历史血吸虫病疫情较重,但经多年积极防治,疫情显著下降,2014年人群感染率为0.44%,事发流域上、下游两村有螺面积仅6.6 hm2,且已连续11年未查到感染性钉螺,钉螺密度不高。综合评估表明,灾后救援人员血吸虫感染风险评估等级为中度危险。结论事发水域存在血吸虫感染的可能,但发生概率不高。应对搜救人员加强防护和健康教育,开展高危环境灭螺,强化监测预警,防止出现灾后血吸虫病流行。     

医疗纠纷第三方调解的做法

本文通过分析当前处理医疗纠纷的依据、方法及存在的主要不足,提出以2011年1月1日起施行的《中华人民共和国人民调解法》为政策法规支撑,在设区市依托卫生、司法行政部门成立医疗纠纷调解委员会,引入医疗纠纷处理的第三方:"医疗纠纷调解委员会",阐述其组织设定、运行和在处理医疗纠纷中的优势,其中立、专业、低成本性,尤其是其重在预防,掌握了医疗纠纷化解的主动权,能有效防止矛盾激化升级,利于和谐医患关系的构建。     

医学院校开展基层卫生法律人才培养的探讨

目的:探讨基层卫生法律人才培养。方法:通过对中国卫生法律人才培养的回顾,研究当前卫生法律人才培养存在的问题。结果:通过积极探讨了开展卫生法律人才培养的途径:构建卫生法律人才教育体系,根据岗位要求,创新基层卫生法律人才培养途径。结论:加强基层卫生法律人才培养符合卫生事业管理发展需要,急需进行改革创新。