1例中国被收养女性罹患神经性贪食症的案例:跨文化研究

概述:一直以来,饮食障碍被认为是西方国家特有的与文化相关的综合症.因为神经性厌食症,这个理论似乎己被打破,但仍少有关于神经性贪食症的跨文化研究,故这方面文献有限.在本临床病例中,我们试图探讨文化因素对这一疾病的影响.我们研究了此病例中的非典型特征,特别关注到容易被忽略的患者的外表容貌和收养隐秘被揭晓所诱发的心理冲击.神经性贪食症触发了一种亲子关系和自我认同的重新寻找,以期日后再度恢复良好家庭关系并最终获得自我.同样我们也研究本病例中的中国收养状况.本病例提示文化因素影响的重要性,跨文化研究可以帮助我们更好的理解神经性贪食症,并提示了有效治疗手段.     

Multiple object individuation during numerical Stroop

To investigate whether semantic information relative to numbers is retained during multiple object individuation, we recorded N2pc—a neural measure of selection/individuation—during a numerical version of the Stroop task. Participants enumerated a varying number of target digits (1 to 4) whose identity was either congruent or incongruent with their numerosity. N2pc amplitudes increased as a function of target numerosity but were little affected by congruency, suggesting that multiple object individuation is a prenumeric stage that does not encode for the number magnitude of the numerosity of the individuated objects.     

产褥期个体化营养与锻炼对不同分娩方式母婴健康影响的研究

[目的]评价个体化的营养与锻炼对促进不同分娩方式母婴健康的影响.[方法]选取自2004年12月～2006年4月在本院系统产前检查,分娩并产后6周于我院复查进入产后营养与锻炼指导系统的321例产妇.根据分娩方式不同分为经阴分娩组(n=136)与剖宫产组(n=185),监测两组产妇体质状况、营养成分和婴儿生长发育情况.[结果][1]在分娩前体脂无差异的情况下,经阴分娩产妇体脂明显低于剖宫产组(P<0.01).[2]两组产后6周下肢最大肌力,膝关节活动范围,膝关节损伤程度、肌肉分布无明显的差异(P>0.05);经阴分娩组股骨颈抗骨折能力明显高于剖宫产组(P<0.05).[3]产后6周产妇的总能量摄入及饮食结构,两组无明显的差异(P>0.05).[4]产后6周,两组婴儿的身高、体重的增长并无差异(P>0.05).[结论]不同分娩方式产妇进行个体化的营养及锻炼利于母婴的健康.剖宫产产妇更应尽早加强锻炼及营养,提倡经阴分娩更有利于产后体质的康复.     

脑血管病三级预防个例监测护理

目的：三级预防对脑血管疾病的临床意义.方法：开展有针对性的个体化三级预防并进行临床及门诊的监测护理.结果：有目的的个体化防治护理能降低脑血管病的发病率,阻止其加重和复发.结论：个体化防治护理对脑血管疾病有显著的临床意义     

河南省高校636名大学生心理健康水平与应付方式

目的了解河南省大学生心理健康状况及其应付方式和个性间的关系,为高校大学生心理健康教育提供科学依据.方法利用SCL-90、应付方式问卷以及艾森克个性问卷对河南省高校大学生636名进行测查.结果研究组与全国大学生常模相比,仅在躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁和焦虑4个因子均分上差异有显著性,其他因子均分间差异无显著性.心理健康与应付方式及个性间有一定程度的相关.结论河南省大学生同其他省份大学生一样,都存在不同程度的心理问题.心理健康与其应付方式及个性间有一定的相关关系.     

Individuation and implicit racial bias in genetic counseling communication

ObjectivesGenetic counselors (GCs) can frame information in either general terms (i.e., population risks) or individual terms (i.e., tailoring to specific client characteristics). We investigated whether informational framing might reflect GCs’ implicit racial bias.MethodsWe analyzed previously videotaped genetic counseling sessions with white and minority (Black and Latino) simulated clients (SCs) and modeled the relationship between sixty GCs’ implicit racial bias, as measured by the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and informational framing (general or individual) as characterized by the Roter Interaction Analysis System.ResultsHigher (more pro-white) IAT scores predicted less informational individuation for minority relative to white SCs. Similarly, higher IAT predicted fewer facilitation and activation statements to minority relative to white SCs. With higher IAT-scoring GCs, minority SCs disclosed less psychosocial and lifestyle information, and asked fewer medical questions (all p < 0.05).ConclusionGCs’ racial implicit bias may be associated with less individualized communication style when counseling minority clients.Practice implicationsFuture research should address whether increasing informational individuation can ameliorate negative consequences of implicit bias and help providers reframe perceptions of minority patients in individual rather than categorical terms.     

医学信息服务中的数字化参考咨询

数字参考咨询是图书馆参考咨询服务工作,是随着网络化环境发展和医院信息化进程而衍生的一种新型参考咨询服务方式。是为医院医疗、教学、科研和管理提供信息服务的有效手段。本文就医院图书馆数字参考咨询实际工作中有关常见问题设置和分类、数字化服务个性化以及咨询服务的专业化问题等进行探讨,以更好地为医院信息化服务。     

个体化低剂量方案用于冠脉支架内再狭窄评估

目的 探讨GE 256排Revolution CT低剂量扫描结合个体化对比剂方案在冠状动脉支架内再狭窄评估中的图像质量、辐射剂量及诊断效能。方法 回顾性选取2020年8月至2022年8月在北京市仁和医院行冠状动脉支架植入后复查的120例(共142个支架)患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法随机分为观察组(60例70个)和常规组(60例72个),均行GE 256排Revolution CT检查。其中,常规组注入70 ml碘普罗胺对比剂;观察组根据体质量指数(BMI)给予个体化剂量。常规组管电压120 kV,管电流534 mAs,观察组管电压、管电流根据患者BMI调节,调节范围为管电压80~120 kV,管电流150~534 mAs。两组患者均于CCTA检查后7~14 d复查冠状动脉造影。对比两组患者的CT图像质量、辐射剂量及碘摄入量、诊断效能。结果 常规组与观察组在左冠状动脉主干的CT值、对比噪声比、晕状伪影、支架内径差异方面差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。常规组在CT剂量指数、CT剂量长度乘积、有效辐射剂量及碘摄入量方面均高于观察组 (t=10.30、8.75、10.27、4.60,P<0.05)。观察组、常规组与冠状动脉造影结果诊断效能的一致性分析Kappa值分别为0.904和0.879,结果一致性很好;常规组与观察组在敏感度、特异度方面差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。结论 GE 256排Revolution CT低剂量扫描结合个体化对比剂方案所获得的图像质量及诊断效能与常规方案相当,可有效降低辐射剂量、碘摄入量,值得推广。     

The Effects of Opposite‐Sex Twinship on the Adult twin

In this small‐scale indicative study I explored the issue of individuation in relation to the life stories of a group of adult opposite‐sex twins, using a psycho‐social approach and a narrative interview methodology (Hollway & Jefferson, 2013). I found that none of the six interviewees reported having had a close relationship with their mother in infancy and childhood but five said they had had a close relationship with their co‐twin, which endured in later life. Cleaving to the co‐twin seemed to complicate and disrupt identity formation and the development of mature adult relationships. I concluded that the respondents in the study had experienced a similar psycho‐social challenge to that of same‐sex twins – how to honour their twinship while at the same time attempting to forge a unique identity – but that they seemed to have faced an additional challenge when it came to developing adult relationships with members of the opposite sex.     

个体化运动处方对2型糖尿病患者心率变异的影响

目的观察个体化运动处方对2型糖尿病患者异常心率变异（HRV）的影响。方法纳入研究对象为经24h动态心电图（DEG）检查诊断有HRV异常的2型糖尿病患者16例,给予每例实施个体化运动处方（有氧运动）治疗,疗程12周。采用以患者为试验对象的自身对照试验方法,治疗前后使用DEG检查HRV变化情况。结果治疗8周、12周时,HRV改善例数增加,HRV频域分析高频功率（HF）值增高,两者与治疗前比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论个体化运动处方能改善2型糖尿病患者的心率变异异常状态。