高功率微波辐照对大鼠血睾屏障通透性的影响

目的 探讨高功率微波（HPM）辐照大鼠睾丸对血睾屏障的影响。方法 雄性SD大鼠35只，随机分为7组，每组5只。6组为辐照组，1组为对照组。于辐照后2、6、12、4．8、96h和8d活杀大鼠后取双侧睾丸组织各约1mm^3，镧-醛固定液固定后制备电镜标本，在透射电镜下进行观察。结果 对照组可见硝酸镧主要沉积在曲细精管基膜部和精原细胞周围，未越过紧密连接；辐照后2-6h电镜下所见与对照组大致相同；辐照后12-96h，从基底部到管腔面的各层生精细胞之间、支持细胞内都有大量的镧颗粒沉积；辐照后8d，仍可见细胞间隙增大，部分区域靠近精子表面的镧颗粒沉积甚至比前面时间点的更为严重。结论 高功率微波辐照能够改变细胞的通透性，破坏血睾屏障的保护作用。     

Interaction of B and T lymphocyte subsets with high endothelial venules in the rat: binding in vitro does not reflect homing in vivo

Lymphocytes continuously migrate through the body, and their efficient extravasation from the blood via high endothelial venules (HEV) is essential for initiating an appropriate immune response. Most investigations have focused on the lymphocyte/HEV interaction in vitro. However, to what extent such systems reflect the situation in vivo is not known. It is also unclear whether lymphocyte subsets immigrate into the HEV in proportion to their presence in the blood, and whether import capacity is limited by the HEV. When rat mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes were incubated in vitro on cryostat sections, the well-known preferential binding of B lymphocytes to HEV of Peyer's patches (PP) and T cells to HEV of axillary lymph nodes (axLN) was observed (axLN vs. PP: B lymphocytes 21.2 ± 5.0% vs. 40.6 ± 11.0%, T lymphocytes 84.6 ± 6.3% vs. 56.5 ± 12.9%). However, when labeled mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes were injected and their location within the HEV was analyzed 15 min later, no preferential interaction was seen. After injection of labeled thoracic duct lymphocytes, the percentage of labeled cells among B and T lymphocytes in the blood was significantly different (4.4 ± 0.9% vs. 8.9 ± 3.6%), whereas that in HEV of axLN (19.0 ± 6.4% vs. 16.6 ± 6.0%) and PP (30.6 ± 6.1% vs. 33.9 ± 4.4%) was comparable. Although the number of injected lymphocytes was similar in magnitude to the total blood lymphocyte pool, after injection there was no increase in lymphocyte numbers in the HEV. Thus, the adhesion assay in vitro does not completely reflect immigration into HEV in vivo. In addition, our data suggest that both the availability of lymphocyte subsets in small venules and the immigration rate into HEV are actively regulated in vivo.     

重组血管内皮细胞生长因子在大肠杆菌的高效表达

目的:使重组血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)在大肠杆菌中得到高效表达.方法:通过构建表达重组VEGF的质粒PRL621/VEGF,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达.结果:表达量约占菌体总蛋白的40%.对形成包含体的表达产物进行变性,初步复性处理,得到重组人VEGF粗提液,鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验表明有促血管生长活性,N-端15个氨基酸序列分析结果,与天然VEGF蛋白质相应序列一致.     

Clinical correlates of high signal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in Alzheimer's disease

Summary The pathophysiology and clinical significance of high signal lesions, visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), remain controversial. Since they are known to correlate with vascular disease and vascular risk factors, we reviewed the clinical correlates of periventricular high signal (PVH) and subcortical white matter lesions (WML) in a sample of 106 patients with probable AD, excluding persons with treated vascular risk factors or symptomatic cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. Grade 2 PVH were seen in 26 (25%) and scattered WML were identified in 29 (18%). PHV were associated with advancing age and gait disturbance. WML were associated with gait disturbance and incontinence. Neither radiologic finding was related to dementia severity. The findings suggest that these lesions are common in patients with AD even when those with evidence of cerebrovascular disease are excluded; their presence, therefore, should not preclude a diagnosis of AD. Additionally, the data suggest that HSL on MRI may be one of many risk factors associated with functional disability in persons with probable AD.     

高频超声检测颈动脉内膜-中层厚度及外周血管内皮功能评价动脉粥样硬化

目的 探讨高频超声检测颈动脉内膜-中层厚度与肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能在动脉粥样硬化中的诊断价值.方法 冠状动脉造影的老年患者69例及青年志愿者20例,分别行颈动脉超声检查,同时采用充气加压法测定肱动脉血流介导的内径扩张值,超声测值与冠脉造影结果对照分析.结果 ①颈动脉内膜-中层厚度值随粥样硬化斑块的增多、冠脉狭窄程度的加重而增高;②动脉粥样硬化患者在内膜-中层厚度值增高之前即可出现内皮功能损伤,肱动脉内径扩张值降低早于内膜-中层厚度值增高之前出现,内径扩张值随冠脉狭窄程度加重而下降.结论 高频超声检测颈动脉内膜-中层厚度、内径扩张值诊断早期动脉粥样硬化敏感性高,并且有助于对冠脉狭窄程度作出判断.     

不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织中能量负荷的变化及其意义

目的：探讨不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织能量负荷变化及其意义。方法：以120只雄性Wistar大鼠建立高原（海拔3800m）实验模型（TBSA30％，Ⅲ度），随机分为延迟、即时复苏组和正常对照组，分别于伤后1、6、12、24、72h及7d取材。兰州地区取相等数量动物重复实验。应用高效液相色谱法检测脑组织中AMP、ADP、ATP的含量，并计算能量负荷。结果：能量负荷在高原正常对照组与兰州地区正常对照组差异显著（P〈0．01）。高原烧伤后脑组织能量负荷与对照组相比均降低，即时复苏组伤后早期即出现显著变化（P〈0．01），伤后72h开始恢复，伤后7d差异无显著，延迟复苏组伤后7d仍星显著差异（P〈0．01）。与即时复苏组比较伤后6～24h无显著差异，伤后72h～7d呈显著性差异（P〈0．01）。高原地区各时相点与兰州地区比较，EC值均降低，除即时复苏组6h外，具有统计学意义。结论：不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织能量负荷的改变一定程度上反映了脑损伤的严重程度。     

一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床预防

目的　探讨临床治疗措施对一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的预防。方法　将 130例一氧化碳中毒患者随机分为A、B、C 3组 ,A组采用纳络酮、低分子肝素、高压氧治疗 ;B组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液、高压氧治疗 ;C组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液治疗。结果　A组昏迷时间与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显缩短 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;本组 130例患者中 ,共发生迟发性脑病15例 ,发生率为 11.5 % ,迟发性脑病发生率A组与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显降低 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论　选择有效的药物 ,及早应用高压氧和充足的疗程是迟发性脑病临床预防的关键。     

腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术治疗大隐静脉曲张60例

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术的疗效。方法2000年1月～2004年1月对60例66条大隐静脉曲张腹腔镜辅助下行大隐静脉隔绝术,腹腔镜辅助下高位结扎、电灼大腿段大隐静脉,阻断其小腿段所有属支及交通支,使大隐静脉与体循环隔绝。结果手术时间30～60min,(50±9)min;术后住院时间3～5d,(3.5±0.6)d。60例随访1～36个月,平均28个月,无复发。结论腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术创伤小,疗效好,复发率低,是治疗大隐静脉曲张的理想术式。