Frequency of T-Cell Progenitors in Nude Mice

The hypothesis that prothymocytes are distinct from and regulated independently of multilineage hemopoietic progenitors was tested by enumeration of these two cell populations in normal versus congenitally athymic (nude) mice. The absence of a thymus and of peripheral T cells in nude mice had no effect on the frequency of either multilineage progenitors (day 12 CFU-S) or prothymocytes (CFU-T), suggesting that there is no feedback regulation of CFU-T frequency. Thymus seeding from the bone marrow is therefore likely to be regulated by the availability of niches for prothymocyte maturation, rather than by feedback control of prothymocyte production.     

Models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogenous disease likely to be caused by more than one specific aetiological factor. In rare familial cases of PD with similar clinical features to the idiopathic form of the disease, the underlying genetic cause has been identified. These PD-associated genes have been manipulated to create animal and cell culture models of the disease that have helped to further our understanding of the pathogenesis of PD, particularly concerning causes of the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons at the molecular level. In addition, these models will aid the future development of rational therapeutic strategies. This study briefly reviews toxin-induced models and the genetics of PD. It focuses on recently developed animal models of PD, as well as in vitro approaches to model the disease.     

雷公藤生物碱的分离鉴定

我们从雷公藤（ＴｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍＷｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉＨｏｏｋ．ｆ．）中按常法分离得到总碱后经ＨＰＬＣ分析出现８个峰，经硅胶柱层析及硅胶ＲＰ－１８反相中压柱层析分离得到５个生物碱，由化学方法和光谱分析证明为雷公藤吉碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｇｉｎｅ２０）．雷公藤次碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｉｎｅ２１），雷公藤春碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｔｒｉｎｅ２２），雷公藤碱戊（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｉｄｉｎｅ２３），呋喃南蛇碱（Ｃｅｌａｆｕｒｉｎｅ１６）。ＨＰＬＣ分析指出含量最高为雷公藤吉碱，其次为呋喃南蛇碱。     

Vaccination against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep using purified secretory acetylcholinesterase from Trichostrongylus colubriformis– an initial pilot study

Purified secretory acetylcholinesterase (sAChE) from Trichostrongylus colubriformis was used as a candidate vaccine against mixed T. colubriformis, Haemonchus contortus and C. oncophora challenge infections of sheep. Cross species protection was achieved with an average reduction in worm burden of all species of 31%, rising to 58% in individual cases. There was no consistent reduction in faecal egg counts and increases in anti-T. colubriformis sAChE IgG antibody levels following vaccination were modest. We suggest that improved antigen delivery systems will result in increased host protection.     

人白血病细胞裸鼠异种移植模型的建立

我们成功地将人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞（MOLT－4）、人早幼粒细胞白血病细胞（HL-60）移植到裸鼠体内。裸鼠经环磷酰胺（2.5mg／只）预处理后分别将（5～10）×10~6MOLT-4细胞及（2～4）×10~7HL－60细胞移植到动物皮下能形成实体瘤，该肿瘤呈进行性生长。MOLT－肿瘤在裸鼠间连续传代4次，移植成功率为69.2％，HL-60肿瘤连续传代3次，成功率为100％。肿瘤染色体分析属于人体细胞核型，细胞学研究显示裸鼠体内MOLT-4、HL-60细胞与体外培养的细胞具有良好的一致性，故裸鼠体内MOLT-4、HL-60肿瘤模型的建立对于研究人白血病提供了有用工具。     

胃癌单克隆抗体在裸鼠移植瘤中的免疫定位和显像

本文采用Ｉｏｄｏｇｅｎ法将鼠抗人胃癌单克隆抗体ＲＳＦ９（ＩｇＭ）予以１３１Ｉ标记，研究ＲＳＦ９在荷人胃癌裸鼠中的定位和显像能力。结果表明，ＲＳＦ９在体内能特异性地与肿瘤组织结合，Ｔ／ＮＴ比值随时间延长逐渐升高，９６ｈＴ／ＮＴ比值均大于２．５，瘤／血比值为２．６９，肿瘤定位指数达５．１８，ＳＰＥＣＴ得到清晰的肿瘤图像。ＲＳＦ９具有良好的体内导向定位能力。ＩｇＭ型单抗也可用于肿瘤显像。     

小剂量氯化汞对小鼠脂质过氧化物的影响

本观察小剂量１ｍｇ／ｋｇ）ＨｇＣｌ２对小鼠肝，脑组织中脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）的影响，发现小剂量ＨｇＣｌ２可使肝组织中ＬＰＯ含量明显增高，与对照组比，差异有显性（Ｐ〈０．０２５），而脑组织中ＬＰＯ含量未见明显影响（Ｐ〉０．０５）。     

The kappa-opioid U-50,488H suppresses the initiation of nocturnal spontaneous drinking in normally hydrated rats

The effect of a systemic (IP) treatment with 1.0, 3.0 and 9.0 mg/kg U-50,488H (U50), a highly selective kappa-agonist, on spontaneous, nocturnal ingestive behavior of the rat was studied using a microcomputer controlled data acquisition system. The latency to initiate drinking was increased and drinking behavior was suppressed in the first hour after injection in a dose-dependent manner. The consummatory indices of drinking were not affected. After this period of adipsia, a phase of polydipsia, that was probably due to the diuretic effect of U50, was evident. The prophagic effect of U50 was evident only at the dose of 3 mg/kg and was accompanied by an increased duration of feeding episodes but not by a reduced latency to feed. These results suggest that kappa-receptors play a pivotal role in modulating spontaneous drinking in the normally hydrated rat and that this control is mainly exerted on the motivational aspect of drinking.