心电图正常的冠心病心绞痛患者冠状动脉造影特点

目的:为了解静息心电图正常的冠心病心绞痛患者冠状动脉(冠脉)造影特点,以提高诊断水平。方法:对268例静息心电图正常的冠心病心绞痛患者的冠脉造影结果进行分析。结果:冠脉造影显示2～3支血管病变201例,占75.0％,单支血管病变58例,占21.6％。201例2～3支血管病变中173例(86.1％)血管狭窄部位相互对应。2支血管病变为前降支和右冠者多见,占47.0％(63/134),单支血管病变以前降支者多见,占46.6％(27/58)。82.8％(48/58)单支血管狭窄为50％～74％。单纯左主干病变2例。结论:冠心病心绞痛患者冠脉2～3支血管病变者心电图正常与血管狭窄部位相互对应有关,单支血管病变与狭窄程度较轻有关。对临床上心电图正常疑为冠心病的患者,应及早做冠脉造影检查以明确诊断。     

心脏性晕厥或猝死的若干高危心电表现

目的 探讨快速性心律失常所致心脏性晕厥或猝死的高危心电图表现。方法 分析入院时或入院后至少发生1次心脏性晕厥或猝死的33例患者发作时与发作前后的常规12导联心电图或持续心电监护心电图。结果 引起心脏性晕厥或猝死的若干高危心电图表现：①长Q—T间期综合征，②Brugada综合征，③异常J波，④复杂性室性期前收缩，⑤冠心病急性心肌梗死呈广泛前壁心肌梗死伴新出现的右束支传导阻滞及弓背抬高的ST段持续不降，或伴ST—T电交替；或广泛前壁心肌梗死伴墓碑样ST段抬高，⑥扩张型心肌病伴进展性QRS波群低电压。结论 心脏性晕厥或猝死存在多种高危心电图表现。     

302例登革热心电图特征研究

目的 分析登革热患者心电图的特征。方法 回顾性分析302例登革热患者（登革热组）和同期300名健康体检者（对照组）的临床资料,对比2组心电图异常情况;进一步分析异常心电图治疗前后的变化及其特点。结果 登革热组存在心电图异常的患者比例（51.32%,155/302）高于对照组（31.00%,93/300）（P < 0.001）;登革热组心电图异常发生频率高于对照组的有ST-T改变（27.81%,84/302）、窦性心动过缓（11.92%,36/302）（P均< 0.05）;有46例心电图异常的患者治疗后复查了心电图,其中窦性心动过缓发生频率较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;窦性心动过缓的患者共36例,16例（44.44%）合并ST-T改变,高于无窦性心动过缓的患者（25.56%,68/266）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 登革热患者心电图异常较普遍,主要表现为ST-T改变、窦性心动过缓;窦性心动过缓是登革热最常见的心律失常和较显著的心电图特征,可能有助于诊断登革热。     

Morphological modeling of cardiac signals based on signal decomposition

In this paper a general framework is presented for morphological modeling of cardiac signals from a signal decomposition perspective. General properties of a desired morphological model are presented and special cases of the model are studied in detail. The presented approach is studied for modeling the morphology of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Specifically, three types of ECG modeling techniques, including polynomial spline models, sinusoidal model and a model previously presented by McSharry et al., are studied within this framework. The proposed method is applied to datasets from the PhysioNet ECG database for compression and modeling of normal and abnormal ECG signals. Quantitative and qualitative results of these applications are also presented and discussed.     

The impact of noise on the reliability of heart-rate variability and complexity analysis in trauma patients

This study focused on the impact of noise on the reliability of heart-rate variability and complexity (HRV, HRC) to discriminate between different trauma patients and to monitor individual patients. Life-saving interventions (LSIs) were chosen as an endpoint because performance of LSIs is a critical aspect of trauma patient care. Noise was modeled and simulated by modifying original R–R interval (RRI) sequences via decimation, concatenation, and division of RRIs, as well as R-wave detection using the electrocardiogram. Results showed that under increasing simulated noise, entropy and autocorrelation measures can still effectively discriminate between LSI and non-LSI patients and monitor individuals over time.     

Frequency-plane analysis of normal and pathological ECG signals for disease identification

In this paper a frequency plane analysis of both normal and diseased ECG signals is performed specifically for disease identification. Image processing techniques are used to develop an automated data acquisition package of 12 lead ECG signals from paper records. A regeneration domain is also developed to check the captured pattern with the original wave shape. A QRS complex detector with an accuracy level ～98.4% in up to 30% signal to noise level is developed. Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is performed to obtain the frequency spectrum of every ECG signal. Some interesting amplitude and phase response properties of chest lead V2, V3, V4, V6 and limb lead I, II, III, AVL, AVF are seen. Both amplitude and phase properties are different for normal and diseased subjects and can serve an important role in disease identification. A statistical analysis of amplitude property is carried out to show that this property is significantly different for normal and diseased subjects.     

起源点邻近二尖瓣环的频发室性早搏体表心电图特征及射频消融治疗

目的评估起源点邻近二尖瓣环的频发室性早搏(简称室早)体表心电图特点及射频消融治疗效果。方法10例频发室早患者接受常规电生理检查及射频消融治疗,对所有病例12导联体表心电图进行分析。结果10例室早均消融成功,并证实起源点邻近二尖瓣环的不同部位,根据成功消融靶点将本组病例分为3组,二尖瓣环前侧壁组(4例)、二尖瓣环后侧壁组(3例)、二尖瓣环后间隔组(3例)。所有病例胸前导联R波移行区位于V1～V2导联,绝大部分病例V6导联可见s波。对各组二尖瓣环室早心电图做进一步比较,可概括出系列心电图判断指标用以估计消融靶点的部位。结论射频消融治疗起源点邻近二尖瓣环的频发室早可取得良好效果,掌握其体表心电图特点有助于判定室早的起源部位。     

Prognostic value of frontal QRS-T angle in predicting survival after primary percutaneous coronary revascularization/coronary artery bypass grafting for ST-elevation myocardial infarction

BackgroundFrontal QRS-T angle (FQRST) has previously been correlated with mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease, but its role as survival predictor after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unknown.MethodsWe evaluated 267 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing reperfusion or coronary artery bypass grafting. Data assessed included demographics, clinical presentation, electrocardiograms, medical therapy, and one-year mortality.ResultsOf 267 patients, 187 (70%) were males and most (49.4%) patients were Caucasian. All-cause mortality was significantly higher among patients with the highest (101–180°) FQRST [28% vs. 15%, p = 0.02]. Patients with FQRST 1–50° had higher survival (85.6%) compared with FQRST = 51–100° (72.3%) and FQRST = 101–180° (67.9%), [log rank, p = 0.01]. Adjusting for significant variables identified during univariate analysis, FQRST (OR = 2.04 [95% CI: 1.31–13.50]) remained an independent predictor of one-year mortality. FQRST-based risk score (1–50° = 0 points, 51–100° = 2 points, 101–180° = 5 points) had excellent discriminatory ability for one-year mortality when combined with Mayo Clinic Risk Score (C statistic = 0.875 [95%CI: 0.813–0.937]. A high (>4 points) FQRST risk score was associated with greater mortality (32% vs. 19%, p = 0.02) and longer length of stay (6 vs. 2 days, p < 0.001).ConclusionFQRST represents a novel independent predictor of one-year mortality in patients with STEMI undergoing reperfusion. A high FQRST-based risk score was associated with greater mortality and longer length of stay and, after combining with Mayo Clinic Risk Score, improved discriminatory ability for one-year mortality.     

氟中毒大鼠心电图改变及其硒的影响

为观察氟中毒大鼠心电图变化及其Ｓｅ的影响，两组Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠饮用１．５８、２．６３ｍｇ／Ｌ高Ｆ＾－水，另两组鼠饮高Ｆ＾－水加饲０．０２５ｍｇ／ｋｇＳｅ饲料，在实验前及实验４、８、１２个月进描记心电图。结果两组大鼠随摄氟时间延长Ｔ波降低，Ｑ－Ｔ间期缩短。