HPLC检测长春西汀葡萄糖注射液中降解产物5-羟甲基糠醛

目的建立测定长春西汀葡萄糖注射液中降解产物5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)含量的方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为KromasilODS-1C18(4.6mm×250mm);流动相为0.2%磷酸-甲醇(75∶25);流速1ml·min-1;检测波长284nm。以外标法测定5-HMF的含量。结果在1.0~20.0μg·ml-1范围内,对照品峰面积与浓度的线性关系良好(r=0.9999),加样平均回收率为99.5%,RSD=1.0%(n=5),最低检测浓度为7·7ng·ml-1。结论所用方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于长春西汀葡萄糖注射液中降解产物5-HMF的检测。     

Inflammation and arthritis: perspectives of the glycobiologist

This review focuses on the role of glycosylation during the development of joint inflammation and degeneration. Although glycoproteins and glycan-binding proteins have essential functions in bone and cartilage, and in the inflammatory process, their exact roles are still uncertain due to the vast complexity of carbohydrate structures. Glycosylated epitopes have been shown to play a role in the induction of arthritis in animal models. Currently available drugs are aimed at the protection of cartilage and bone structures but new developments in this area should take into account the tight and specific interactions between bone and cartilage. It is anticipated that new agents will help to remodel damaged joints, based on knowledge of cartilage and bone turnover and on the exact role of glycosylated molecules and cell surface receptor glycoproteins in these processes. Highly sensitive imaging techniques and well-characterized In vivo models will accelerate this development.     

中重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者听觉功能检查特征及其与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征、三酰甘油的相关性分析

背景　阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）病理改变可引起内耳和听觉系统的功能障碍，而关于OSAHS合并高脂血症对这一发生过程的影响暂无定论。目的　研究中重度OSAHS患者听觉功能检查特征及其与OSAHS、三酰甘油（TG）的相关性，并探究其可能原因。方法　选取2017年1月-2019年5月在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院耳鼻咽喉科住院的中重度OSAHS患者50例，根据患者清晨空腹TG水平分为TG升高OSAHS组（25例）、TG正常OSAHS组（25例），同期选择20例健康体检者为对照组。对研究对象进行纯音听阈测定（PTA）、畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）检查，并记录不同频率的听阈值及信噪比（SNR），分析OSAHS患者听觉功能检查特征，探究TG是否加重听力损伤。采用Pearson相关分析探究不同频率的听阈值、SNR与OSAHS患者特征的相关性。结果　TG正常OSAHS组PTA的 2.00 、4.00 、8.00 kHz的听阈值及平均听阈值高于对照组（P<0.05），DPOAE的 4.00 kHz的SNR低于对照组（P<0.05）。TG升高OSAHS组DPOAE的1.00、2.00 、8.00 kHz的SNR低于TG正常OSAHS组（P<0.05）。PTA的0.50 kHz（r=0.227）、1.00 kHz（r=0.362）、2.00 kHz（r=0.328）、4.00 kHz（r=0.403）、8.00 kHz（r=0.463）听阈值及平均听阈值（r=0.500）与年龄呈正相关，1.00 kHz（r=0.333）、2.00 kHz（r=0.372）、4.00 kHz（r=0.464）、8.00 kHz（r=0.330）听阈值及平均听阈值（r=0.399）与呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）呈正相关，2 kHz（r=-0.314）听阈值与最低动脉血氧饱和度（SaO2）呈负相关，1.00 kHz（r=0.378）、2.00 kHz（r=0.444）听阈值与TG呈正相关；DPOAE的2.00 kHz（r=-0.221）、4.00 kHz（r=-0.432）、8.00 kHz（r=-0.441）的SNR与年龄呈负相关，4.00 kHz（r=-0.545）、8.00 kHz（r=-0.241）的SNR与AHI呈负相关，1.00 kHz（r=-0.507）、2.00 kHz（r=-0.385）的SNR与TG呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论　中重度OSAHS患者有不同程度的听力损伤，中重度OSAHS伴血脂升高则可加重听力损伤。OSAHS越严重，听力损伤越明显。年龄、AHI、TG水平越高，中重度OSAHS 患者的听力损伤越严重。     

Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions: A Normative Study

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were quite recently introduced as a new objective auditory screening technique, having a unique potential because of their ability to analyze the micromechanical functions of the cochlea in a frequency-specific way. In 1992, Kemp and Bray released the commercially available Oto-dynamics Analyzer IL092, which enabled investigators and audiological centres to perform DPOAE measurements in different populations, but without any relationship to normative data. The purpose of this study was to describe the normative aspects of 2fl-f2 DPOAEs obtained with the IL092 from 101 normal ears of 101 healthy young adults. The DPOAEs were obtained automatically by means of two data-collection protocols on the IL092 in the form of DP-gram and DP-growth functions. These data were statistically processed to form a normative database which has the potential of serving as a basis for further research aimed at determining the utility of DPOAE testing in evaluating ear pathology     

Anti-glycative and anti-inflammatory effects of protocatechuic acid in brain of mice treated by d-galactose

Protocatechuic acid (PCA) at 0.5%, 1% or 2% was supplied to d-galactose (DG) treated mice for 8 week. PCA intake at 2% increased its deposit in brain. DG treatment increased brain level of reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl, carboxymethyllysine, pentosidine, sorbitol, fructose and methylglyoxal (P < 0.05). PCA intake, at 1% and 2%, lowered brain level of these parameters (P < 0.05). DG treatments enhanced activity and protein expression of aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, as well as declined glyoxalase I (GLI) activity and protein expression (P < 0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% reduced activity and protein expression of AR (P < 0.05), and at 2% restored GLI activity and expression (P < 0.05). DG injection also elevated cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and expression, and increased the release of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandin E₂ in brain (P < 0.05). PCA intake decreased these cytokines (P < 0.05), and at 1% and 2% suppressed COX-2 activity and expression (P < 0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% also lowered DG-induced elevation in activity, mRNA expression and protein production of nuclear factor kappa B p65 (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the supplement of protocatechuic acid might be helpful for the prevention or alleviation of aging.