慢性鼻-鼻窦炎炎性黏膜中核转录因子-κB活性与局部三种细胞因子表达的关系

目的探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎炎性黏膜中核转录因子-κB（nuclear factor-kappa B，NF—κB）活性与局部3种细胞因子表达的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附方法检测52例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎[根据是否伴变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR），分为AR组与NAR组]与12例正常筛窦黏膜组织中IL-5、IL-6及IL-8含量，半定量RT—PCR和免疫组织化学法检测NF—κB亚单位P50、P65在鼻黏膜的表达及活性，分析NF-κB各亚单位的活性与IL-5、IL-6及IL-8含量间的相关性。结果AR组与NAR组筛窦黏膜中IL-5、IL-6、IL-8水平均显著高于正常组（AR组P值均〈0．01；NAR组P值分别〈0．05、0．05、0．01）；AR组的3种细胞因子水平均明显高于NAR组（P值分别〈0．01、0．05、0．01）。半定量RT—PCR显示，AR组与NAR组P50、P65的mRNA表达水平均显著高于正常组（AR组P值均〈0．01；NAR组P值均〈0．01）；AR组明显高于NAR组（P值均〈0．05）。免疫组化显示AR及NAR两组P50、P65核染阳性率均显著高于正常组（P值均〈0．01）；AR组较NAR组更高（P值均〈0．01）。Pearson相关性分析显示，P50、P65核染阳性率与局部IL-6、IL-8水平存在显著相关性，其中P50与IL-6、IL-8的相关系数分别为0．49与0．54（P值均〈0．01）；P65与两者的相关系数分别为0．61与0．66（P值〈0．01）。P50、P65核染阳性率与IL-5间无明显相关性。结论慢性鼻-鼻窦炎炎性黏膜中NF—κB的P50、P65两个亚单位的核转位及活化是诱导局部IL-6、IL-8表达的可能机制之一，AR的并存可进一步提高NF-κB活性，进而增加局部IL-6、IL-8的表达。IL-5的局部表达不依赖于NF-κB途径。     

分泌mRANTES趋化因子的小鼠肝癌细胞的建立及其体内致瘤性的初步研究

目的：建立分泌mRNATES的小鼠肝癌细胞，并观察其体内致瘤性。方法：mRNATES cDNA被克隆入pBabe puro逆转录病毒载体，构建的重组逆转录病毒载体pBabe puro mRNATES转染包装细胞，嘌呤酶素抗性细胞培养上清感染小鼠肝癌细胞系Hepal-6，免疫组化检测Hepal-6、Hepal-6 mRNATES的mRNATES蛋白的表达。绘制Hepal-6 mRNATES与Hepal-6的生长曲线观察细胞的生长。琼脂糖凝胶打孔法体外观察Hepal-6 mRNATES分泌蛋白对小鼠脾细胞的趋化作用。观察Hepal-6 mRNATES体内致瘤性。结果：构建了重组逆转录病毒载体pBabe puro mRNATES,Hepal-6不表达mRNATES,Hepal-6 mRNATES表达mRNATES蛋白。Hepal-6 mRNATES与Hepal-6的生长曲线基本一样。Hepal-6 mRNATES分泌了对小鼠脾细胞有趋化作用的分子。Hepal-6 mRNATES体内致瘤性降低。结论：Hepal-6 mRNATES能产生mRNATES,mRANTES不改变细胞体外生长状况，Hepal-6 mRNATES产生的mRNATES有趋化活性，mRNATES能使Hepal-6 mRNATES致瘤性降低。     

早孕蜕膜及绒毛组织中趋化因子CXC受体3、4及其配体的表达变化和意义

目的 探讨早孕蜕膜及绒毛组织中趋化因子CXC受体(CXCR)3、4及其配体CXCL9、CXCL10和CXCL12的表达变化和意义.方法 体外分离正常早孕蜕膜组织中单个核细胞,免疫磁珠分选试剂盒纯化CD+56自然杀伤(NK)细胞,流式细胞仪分析其纯度和表型;RT-PCR技术榆测早孕蜕膜NK细胞中CXCR3和CXCR4、早孕蜕膜及绒毛组织中CXCL9、CXCL10、CXCL12的表达情况;免疫组化链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接(SP)法检测正常子宫内膜、早孕蜕膜组织中CXCL9和CXCL10的表达及CD+56NK细胞的分布情况,分析CXCL9、CXCL10表达量(灰度值)与CD+56NK细胞数的相关性.结果 分离纯化的早孕蜕膜NK细胞中,98.7%的细胞表型为CD56bright;早孕蜕膜NK细胞中有CXCR3和CXCR4表达;早孕蜕膜组织中有CXCL9、CXCL10表达,早孕绒毛组织中有CXCL12的表达.分泌期子宫内膜中CXC19、CXCL10表达最为56±43、59±47,较增生期子宫内膜的16±18、8±14明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而早孕蜕膜组织中CXCL9、CXCL10表达量为143±35、158±29,较分泌期子宫内膜进一步升高(P<0.05);分泌期子宫内膜中NK细胞数量为(60±20)个,增生期子宫内膜中NK细胞数量为(23±4)个,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),早孕蜕膜中NK细胞数量为(114 ±15)个,较分泌期子宫内膜进一步增多(P<0.05);子宫内膜和蜕膜组织中CXCL9、CXCL10表达量与组织中CD56+细胞数呈正相关关系(rcxL9=0.88,P<0.05;rcxcL10=0.86,P<0.05).结论 早孕蜕膜及绒毛组织中表达的CXCL9、CXCL10及CXCL12可能通过与CD56+NK细胞表面对应的趋化因子受体CXCR3、CXCR4结合而影响早孕期母-胎界面中CD56+NK细胞的聚集,从而对母-胎间免疫平衡起调控作用.     

SDF-1/CXCR4对卵巢上皮性癌细胞增殖和侵袭的影响

目的:研究SDF-1/CXCR4在卵巢癌细胞生物学活性中的作用。方法:用RT-PCR方法检测卵巢癌细胞株SW626及Anglne中的SDF-1和CXCR4的表达。细胞经外源性SDF-1或者抗CXCR4单克隆抗体干预后,用MTT法检测细胞增殖,PI测细胞凋亡,Annexin-V/PI法检测细胞早期凋亡,Transwell小室检测细胞的迁移侵袭活性。结果:两株卵巢癌细胞株中,SW626细胞既表达SDF-1又表达CXCR4,Anglne细胞则两者均不表达。在SW626细胞中,SDF-1作用于无血清状态下培养的细胞(吸光度A值为0.911±0.01),与对照组(吸光度A值为0.506±0.01)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而加入抗CXCR4单克隆抗体作用后(10μg/ml A值为0.725±0.01,20μg/ml A值为0.650±0.02),与SDF-1组相比,差异均有统计学意义(分别为P<0.05和P<0.01);抗CXCR4单克隆抗体作用于无血清状态下培养的细胞(10μg/ml A值为0.655±0.11和20μg/ml A值为0.520±0.04),与对照组(A值为0.724±0.03)相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。加入外源性SDF-1后,SW626细胞在无血清状态下的早期凋亡数为15.6%,相对于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。抗CXCR4单克隆抗体可增加SW626细胞中的PI阳性细胞数(P<0.01)。并且,与对照组相比,SDF-1促进SW626细胞的迁移和侵袭能力增强(P<0.01),而此活性可被抗CXCR4单克隆抗体阻断。结论:SDF-1/CXCR4可能通过促进细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及抑制其凋亡,使卵巢癌细胞获得进展。     

白细胞介素18对豚鼠哮喘模型气道炎症作用的实验观察

目的观察白细胞介素18(IL-18)对豚鼠哮喘模型气道炎症的作用。方法采用卵蛋白(OVA)腹腔注射致敏加雾化吸入激发的方法复制豚鼠哮喘模型。30只豚鼠按随机数字法分成3组(每组10只)进行处理,分别为哮喘模型组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)和IL-18干预组(C组)。光镜下检测各组豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中炎症细胞计数及分类,用酶联免疫吸附法测定BALF中Th1细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-2和Th2细胞因子IL-4、IL-5浓度,并进行3组之间的比较。结果豚鼠BALF中嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)个数A组、B组、C组分别为(98±58)×106/L、(12±10)×106/L、(29±10)×106/L,A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);中性粒细胞个数A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。IFN-γ和IL-2浓度A组与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与C组比较差异亦有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。IL-4浓度A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);IL-5浓度A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论IL-18可通过调节Th1/Th2细胞因子的平衡而达到控制哮喘气道炎症的作用。     

Different cytokine response of primary colonic epithelial cells to commensal bacteria

AIM: To determine if primary murine colonic epithelial cells (CEC) respond to commensal bacteria and discriminate between different types of bacteria. METHODS: A novel CEC: bacteria co-culture system was used to compare the ability of the colonic commensal bacteria, Bacteroides ovatus, E coli(SLF) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) to modulate production of different cytokines (n = 15) by primary CEC. Antibody staining and flow cytometry were used to investigate Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression by CEC directly ex vivo and TLR responsiveness was determined by examining the ability of TLR ligands to influence CEC cytokine production. RESULTS: Primary CEC constitutively expressed functional TLR2 and TLR4. Cultured in complete medium alone, CEC secreted IL-6, MCP-1 and IP-10 the levels of which were significantly increased upon addition of the TLR ligands peptidoglycan (PGN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exposure to the commensal bacteria induced or up-regulated different patterns of cytokine production and secretion.E coli induced production of MIP-1α/β and p defensin3 whereas B. ovatus and L. rhamnosus exclusively induced MCP-1 and MIP-2α expression, respectively. TNFa, RANTES and MEC were induced or up-regulated in response to some but not all of the bacteria whereas ENA78 and IP-10 were up-regulated in response to all bacteria. Evidence of bacterial interference and suppression of cytokine production was obtained from mixed bacterial: CEC co-cultures. Probiotic LGG suppressed E coli- and B. ovatus-induced cytokine mRNA accumulation and protein secretion. CONCLUSION: These observations demonstrate the ability of primary CEC to respond to and discriminate between different strains of commensal bacteria and identify a mechanism by which probiotic bacteria (LGG) may exert anti-inflammatory effects in vivo.     

Infection of human astrocytes and glioblastoma cells with<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Toxoplasma gondii</Emphasis>: monocyte chemotactic protein-1 secretion and chemokine expression in vitro

In immunocompromised hosts, disruption of toxoplasmic cysts and conversion from bradyzoites to tachyzoites occur in brain. In these areas, infiltrates of mononuclear cells are observed. In the murine toxoplasmosis model, recent data suggest that chemokines may play a role in leukocyte recruitment in the central nervous system (CNS). This study analyzed the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion and chemokine expression after Toxoplasma gondii infection of human astrocytes, glioblastoma cells (U373) and fibroblasts (MRC5) in vitro. T. gondii infection of these CNS cells, astrocytes and glioblastoma cells significantly increased MCP-1 secretion, particularly for astrocytes. In our cellular models, the pattern of chemokine gene expression is dominated by MCP-1 expression. MCP-1 mRNAs were also quantified by real-time-PCR (LightCycler). The behavior of cells studied after T. gondii infection was different (invasion and growth) and the cell mechanisms of chemokine regulation could be dependent on the type of cells infected, while MCP-1 may contribute to the cell recruitment during human cerebral reactivation of T. gondii.     

急性排斥反应时Fractalkine及其受体在移植心脏中的表达

目的　探讨急性排斥反应过程中Fractalkine(FKN)及其受体CX3CR1在移植心脏局部表达的意义及环孢素A(CsA)对它们的影响。　方法　施行大鼠异位心脏移植术 ,移植大鼠分为 3组 ,每组 45只 ,对照组 5只。SD大鼠间的移植为同系移植组 (A组 ) ,Wistar至SD大鼠的移植分为未用CsA干预组 (B组 )及CsA干预组 (C组 ) ,健康SD大鼠为对照组。采用RT PCR方法检测排斥反应中移植心脏局部FKNmRNA的表达水平 ,免疫组化方法检测FKN和CX3CR1的蛋白表达水平。　结果FKNmRNA与蛋白在A组各时间点和对照组均呈低水平表达 ;在B组的表达变化与急性排斥反应的进程相关 ,术后第 7天FKNmRNA表达上调至峰值 (0 8± 0 2 6) ;C组应用CsA后 ,FKNmRNA表达峰值显著低于B组 (t=2 3 90 ,P <0 0 5 )。FKN和CX3CR1蛋白分别定位于移植心脏血管内皮细胞及间质浸润的单个核细胞中。　结论　急性排斥反应过程中 ,FKN及其受体CX3CR1表达上调 ,与移植物间质单个核细胞浸润密切相关 ;抑制FKN CX3CR1通路的活化可能是CsA发挥作用的又一分子免疫学机制