Altitude training causes haematological fluctuations with relevance for the Athlete Biological Passport

The impact of altitude training on haematological parameters and the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) was evaluated in international‐level elite athletes. One group of swimmers lived high and trained high (LHTH, n = 10) for three to four weeks at 2130 m or higher whereas a control group (n = 10) completed a three‐week training camp at sea‐level. Haematological parameters were determined weekly three times before and four times after the training camps. ABP thresholds for haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), reticulocyte percentage (RET%), OFF score and the abnormal blood profile score (ABPS) were calculated using the Bayesian model. After altitude training, six swimmers exceeded the 99% ABP thresholds: two swimmers exceeded the OFF score thresholds at day +7; one swimmer exceeded the OFF score threshold at day +28; one swimmer exceeded the threshold for RET% at day +14; and one swimmer surpassed the ABPS threshold at day +14. In the control group, no values exceeded the individual ABP reference range. In conclusion, LHTH induces haematological changes in Olympic‐level elite athletes which can exceed the individually generated references in the ABP. Training at altitude should be considered a confounding factor for ABP interpretation for up to four weeks after altitude exposure but does not consistently cause abnormal values in the ABP. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

REVIEW: Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Athletes

Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation indications have greatly increased over the past decade, with use of pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators now growing more common even in athletes. Management of CIEDs in this subgroup is of greater complexity due to augmented physical stressors, a longer exposure time to system components in a younger population, and less common, highly clinically variable underlying cardiac pathologies. We will review management issues specific to CIED therapy, sudden cardiac death, and consensus recommendations for physical activity.     

对优秀散手运动员专项训练中心血管调节肽的监测与分析

[目的]探讨优秀散手运动员在赛前专项运动训练中生化指标、微量元素和心血管调节肽的变化.[方法]参加全国十运会的四川武术队8名优秀散手运动员,根据专项训练强度划分为大运动量训练、大强度训练和对抗实战训练三个阶段进行全程监控,测试分析血浆生化指标、微量元素、心血管调节肽ANP、ET含量.[结果]①血浆生化指标变化：在运动训练中,RBC、WBC、BUN等血液生化指标差异无统计学意义,HGB指标差异有统计学意义（P=0.042）,PLT、CK-MB差异有统计学意义（P=0.007和P=0.001）;②微量元素含量变化：在运动训练中,血浆Cu、Zn含量差异无统计学意义,Fe元素含量差异有统计学意义（P=0.023）;③心血管调节肽的含量变化：在3个训练阶段中,ANP、ET含量差异有统计学意义（P=0.006和P=0.000）.[结论]血浆生化指标、心血管调节肽水平能深入反映运动员训练中的身体机能变化.     

浅析运动员的营养补充

中国运动员的膳食营养条件随着我国经济水平的提高也相应地有所提高，但总体上还存在着膳食结构和营养的方法不合理的现象，从而也相应地影响了中国运动员成绩发挥及训练水平的提高。针对不同项目与运动员的特点，科学地利用膳食营养来促进训练，提高水平，是科学训练的重要组成部分之一。