多囊卵巢综合征动物模型建立的研究现状与展望

对多囊卵巢综合征动物模型的多种造模法，如雄激素造模法(包括丙酸睾丸酮造模法、脱氢表雄酮造模法)戊酸雌二醇雌激素造模法、孕激素联合HCG造模法、胰岛素联合HCG造模法等进行了文献综述。因为多囊卵巢综合征是一种多病因，临床表现多态性的综合征，病理、生理复杂，因此动物造模的建立并不容易，相对来说，雄激素联合绒毛膜促性腺激素的病理模型是比较理想的。     

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤向成熟畸胎瘤转化2例

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤为恶性肿瘤，生长发展快，恶性程度高，治疗后易于复发，但有报道经过反复多次手术或化疗后，肿瘤细胞有自发地向成熟方向转化的倾向。现报告2例如下：     

卵巢原发梁状类癌一例

患者女，34岁，孕2产1，因产后顽固性便秘7年，月经不规律3个月，发现盆腔包块2周，腹痛1周入院。既往大便规律，每天1～2次，7年前顺产一足月男婴，产后逐渐出现便秘，开始大便每1～2周1次，以后渐加重，达1～2个月1次，大便极为困难并伴有下腹部疼痛，便后缓解。既往月经规律，5／30d，量中，无痛经，近3个月月经周期不规律，10～40d不等，经期及经量无改变。2周前行妇科检查时发现盆腔包块，近1周出现持续性下腹隐痛，无其他类癌综合征表现。既往身体健康，足月产后避孕环避孕。     

卵巢上皮癌自杀基因疗法研究进展

近年来卵巢上皮癌的自杀基因疗法取得很大进展,主要体现在:由组织特异性启动子参与调控,增强基因转染的靶向性,降低对非肿瘤组织的副作用;自杀基因(如HSV-TK基因)与免疫增强基因的联合应用;自杀基因与放射治疗的联合应用;增强自杀基因表达效率的辅助方法.     

放射治疗子宫肌瘤24例疗效分析

目的:探索子宫肌瘤治疗的新手段,使子宫肌瘤患者多一种治疗方法的选择。方法:B超定位双侧卵巢,设6 cm×6 cm双侧前后对穿野,交替照射(60Co或直线加速器),总剂量为20 Gy~26 Gy/5次~13次,每周5次。结果:23例患者有1 a以上的随访(随访率为95.83 %)。治疗后4~6个月行B超复查,肿瘤缩小19例,消退5例,出血、腰困等症状全部消失。1 a后复查,肿瘤消退15例,仍有4例未完全消退。结论:放射卵巢治疗子宫肌瘤是一种经济、安全、有效、无创、无痛苦、疗程短的治疗手段。     

Clinical Analysis of 57 Patients with Ovarian Dysgerminoma

Objective  Ovarian dysgerminoma is an uncommon ovarian malignancy, Its clinicai features are special and there are many factors affecting its prognosis. If treated properly, the patient can be cured. Otherwise it may endanger the patient’s life. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features and factors related to prognosis of ovarian dysgerminoma. Methods  Data from 57 patients with pure ovarian dysgerminoma were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were admitted to the Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 1.1964 to December 31, 2000. Results  The main clinical features were abdominal mass (56.1% ), abdominal pain (21.1% ), abdominal swelling (17.5%.), vaginal bleeding (5.3% )and genital tract abnormalities (5.3%). Twenty-six patients had stage I diseases, 8 stage II.9 stage III.1 stage IV and 13 recurrent and persistent diseases. The uterus was involved in 41.2% of patients with stage II -III diseases. Combined modality was given to 52 cases and a single-method treatment to 5 cases. The total overall 5 and 10-year survival rates for stages I-IV was 80.1 % and 70.0% respectively. The 5-year survival rate for stage I was 100%, stage II 55.2%. stage III 55.6% and stage IV 0%; for recurrent and persistent diseases, 72.7%. The stage I group of 12 patients. received adnexectomy and 14 patients underwent hysterectomy and adnexa removal. There was no significant difference between the 5 and 10-year survival rates (all 100%). Of the 23 patients in the stage I group to whom oniy chemotherapy was given after operation, 19 cases received 3 or more courses and were well without recurrence; 4 patients received only one course and one of them recurred 21 months after the operation. In the group of stages II and III cases, the 5-year survival rate was 86.7% for those whose chemotherapy courses were 3≥ 4 and 25.0% for patients who received less than 4 courses of chemotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusions  The prognosis of ovarian dysgerminoma is closely related to the disease stage and treatment modality. A fertility-preserving operation can be considered in early -staged patients, but caution needs to be exercised in the middle to late staged cases. Good results can be achieved with an operation-based combined modality in recurrent patients.     

先天性硬脊膜内囊肿并脊髓脊膜膨出1例

患儿 ,男 ,6个月。以出生后腰骶部肿块逐渐增大 6个月为代诉 ,于 2 0 0 2年 5月 2 5日来我院就医。查体见腰骶部有直径 6 .0cm皮下肿块 ,局部皮肤无红热现象 ,无色素沉着及毛发过度生长等。肿块质软 ,其内压力不随哭闹变化 ,蒂呈广基状 ,推之不移 ,肿块透光试验阴性。伴双足下垂、锤状趾畸形 ,股四头肌肌力正常 ,伸趾肌群及胫前肌肌力 0级 ,屈趾肌力 Ⅳ级 ;以疼痛刺激为据检查双足背、小腿外侧感觉消失 ;肛门括约肌松弛。膝反射、跟腱反射未引出 ,提睾反射存在。X线片示L4～ 5棘突缺如 ,腰骶部肿块呈广基蒂 ,通向椎管内 ,肿块内软组织影密…     

卵巢甲状腺肿性类癌1例报告

患者女性 ,46岁。发现左下腹肿块 1 0个月于2 0 0 3年 4月 1日入院。无其它不适。查体 :左下腹可触及一拳头大小包块 ,活动 ,无压痛 ,腹水征 ( - )。妇科检查 :左侧附件区可扪及约 1 0 cm× 8cm× 7cm大小包块 ,活动度好 ,似实性。B超示左侧卵巢肿瘤。4月 4日行手术治疗 ,术中见左侧卵巢增大约 9cm× 7cm× 6cm,实性 ,有包膜 ,与周围组织无粘连。术后恢复良好 ,随访至今 ,尚未出现复发及其它不适。病理检查　巨检 :有完整包膜的肿物一个 ,大小为 8.5 cm× 6.5 cm× 5 .5 cm,切面灰白、灰黄色 ,质韧 ,伴出血、坏死。并可见胶样物。镜检 :肿…     

益肾补血汤治疗功能性不孕症42例

笔者经多年临床实践 ,用自拟益肾补血汤 ,采用排卵期定时服药的方法治疗功能性不孕症 42例 ,取得了较满意的疗效 ,现报告如下。一般资料及治法42例患者年龄 2 3～ 34岁 ,平均 2 8.2岁。益肾补血汤处方为 :续断 30 g,黄芪 1 5g,寄生1 5g,菟丝子 1 5g,益母草 1 5g,香附 1 5g,丹参 1 5g,当归 1 2 g,泽兰 1 2 g,淫羊藿 1 2 g,蛇床子 1 2 g,巴戟天 1 0 g,肉桂 3g,红花 3g。小腹冷痛者加炮姜 6g;月经量多者加女贞子 1 5g,旱莲草 1 2 g;体胖湿盛者加苍术 1 0 g,半夏 1 0 g。每次于 2次行经间期开始服药 ,如经期不准者可于行经第 1天起计算至 1 4天…     

中西医结合治疗卵巢过度刺激综合征

本文根据中医学理论分析卵巢过度刺激综合征的病因病机，通过辨证施治，探讨出有效的中西医结合的治疗方法，使疾病得到良好的转归。