外伤性骨骺早闭后遗畸形的手术治疗

骨骺早闭是小儿生长期骨骺损伤后导致正常的骨骺完全或部分发育停滞,随年龄的增长而出现短缩或内外翻畸形严重影响肢体功能.其治疗方法有脂肪填塞、骨桥切除、肢体延长术及骺板阻滞术等.本院自1997年至今,采用骨桥切除、脂肪填塞、截骨纠正畸形及同种异体骨植骨加钢板内固治疗骨骺早闭后遗畸形10例,近期对其随访7例,报告如下.     

芳香开窍法在骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞治疗中的临床疗效观察

骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞，是指因胸、腹、四肢等眼以外部位的严重挤压伤或撞击伤，而导致视网膜不同程度的损害。也有学者命名为“远达性视网膜损伤综合征”（Purtscher病）。笔者收集了自1996年2月-2002年2月，我院眼科共诊治骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞的患者10例，其中以芳香开窍法治疗取得满意疗效的8例典型病例（2例自动转诊），现总结报告如下。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎与PTEN基因

1．概念众所周知。肝脏脂肪化的原因有酗酒、肥胖、糖尿病、脂质代谢异常、药物（类固醇、三苯氧胺）以及高热能输液等营养摄取过剩和重度营养失调等，而将其分为酒精性与非酒精性两大类。酒精性脂肪性肝病（alcoholic fatty liver disease，AFLD）以脂肪肝（FL）起病，经过酒精性脂肪性肝炎（alcoholic steatohepatitis．ASH）、酒精性肝纤维化（alcoholic liver fibrosis，ALF）而进展为酒精性肝硬化（alcoholic liver cirrhosig，ALC）。但对于非酒精性脂肪性肝病（nou-AFLD，NAFLD）则一直认为它是良性疾病，而其脂肪肝不发展。然而，1980年Ludwig报告20例不具饮酒史但仍类似AFLD的患者而提出NAFLD疾病概念。报告者注重于尽管不饮酒而酷似AFLD的病理组织学所见，遂倡导完全不同于AFLD的疾病改变分类。如今，这一NAFLD和NASH疾病概念已经广为医学界所接受。     

改善胰腺术后和胰腺炎相关内脏假性动脉瘤的预后

内脏假性动脉瘤(PSA)是胰腺术后和胰腺炎少见但死亡率很高的并发症,外科手术和血管造影介入治疗是常用的方法,但临床尚无最理想的治疗手段.本文作者回顾性分析了1995～2005年印地安那州大学外科收治的37例PSA病例,其中13例并发于胰腺术后(POSTOP组),24例并发于胰腺炎(PANC组).     

人工髋关节置换术后脂肪栓塞综合征的观察与护理

笔者报道人工髋关节置换术后脂肪栓塞综合征的护理措施认为重视氧饱和度及动脉血氧分压监测，注意观察中枢神经系统症状和呼吸系统症状，及时发现并纠止低氧血症，对不同的病人制定不同护理方案，严密观察病情，及时掌握病情变化：是护理的关键。     

激光辅助臀部脂肪抽吸

在臀部脂肪抽吸术中和术后辅助应用激光，是目前外科医师提高疗效和促进恢复的方法之一。     

平阳霉素加地塞米松局部注射治疗婴幼儿血管瘤

目的探讨平阳霉素+地塞米松局部注射治疗婴幼儿血管瘤的疗效。方法将平阳霉素8 mg+地塞米松5 mg+2%利多卡因1~2 ml+生理盐水3~8 ml稀释后,行血管瘤内注射至肿胀发白为限,1次平阳霉素用量不超过8 mg。观察2周,视瘤体颜色及硬度决定是否继续用药,直至瘤体开始变硬萎缩为止,平阳霉素注射总量不超过40 mg。近两年来,用该方法治疗1~8个月龄婴幼儿体表增生期血管瘤36例,其中颜面部24例,胸部3例,背部2例,上肢5例,足2例;草莓状血管瘤30例,混合型血管瘤6例。血管瘤最小面积0.6 cm×1.2 cm,最大面积23.0 cm×12.0 cm。结果1次注射治愈2例,2~3次注射治愈25例,4~5次治愈9例,其中局部坏死1例(为足背足底大面积草莓状血管瘤),经换药及手术愈合。随访6~19个月,未见复发,除1例遗留瘢痕外,其余全部无瘢痕愈合。有效率达100%。结论平阳霉素+地塞米松局部注射治疗婴幼儿血管瘤,具有疗效显著、简便易行、安全可靠等优点,是治疗增生期血管瘤首选方法之一,值得推广。     

[Ca^2＋]i change in hippocampal neurons influenced by preconditioning of etomidate fat emulsion following cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It is known that intravenous anesthetic etomidate fat emulsion has cerebral protection. Now many scholars focus on the research of its cerebral protection from molecular biology, but the mechanism of cerebral protection is still fully unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of etomidate fat emulsion on the [Ca2+]i in hippocampal neurons during the transient cerebral ischemia injury in rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Weifang Medical College. MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the functional laboratory of Weifang Medical College between October 2005 and March 2006. Twenty-four male healthy Wistar rats, aged 3 to 4 months, were involved. Etomidate fat emulsion was provided by the limited company of En-hua Medical Bloc in Jiangsu Province (code of H20020511) and the other agents and materials were provided by Laboratory Center of Weifang Medical College. METHODS: The 24 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operation group, model group and etomidate preconditioning group, with 8 rats in each. Rat models of transient cerebral ischemia injury were made by the ligation of bilateral carotid arteries combined with descending blood pressure in the latter two groups. Before ischemia (ligation of bilateral common carotid artery), rats in the etomidate preconditioning group were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg etomidate fat emulsion and then persistently intraperitoneally injected with etomidate fat emulsion at 1.0 mg/kg per minute. Rats in the model group were not administrated. Rats in the sham-operation group were only performed bilateral common carotid artery isolation. When rats were modeled, their brain tissues were quickly taken out and detected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change of the fluorescence pixel value of the [Ca2+]i in each group by the laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: Twenty-four rats were involved in the final analysis. Fluorescence pixel value in the sham-operation group was in the low level. Fluorescence pixel value in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation group (P < 0.01). Fluorescence pixel value in the etomidate preconditioning group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The protection of etomidate fat emulsion to the transient cerebral ischemic injury in rats is associated with the inhibition to the increase of [Ca2+]i to some extent.     

饮食忌讳何需多

在科学家们对食物的长期研究中,曾经得到过这样或那样的错误结论,随后在深入的研究下又得到了有益的结论,但过去的错误观点已经在人们心中留下了深刻的印象,很有必要加以澄清,为这些无辜的食物正名,减少过多的饮食忌讳。为脂肪正名。吃太多的脂肪会引起肥胖症及其他有关疾病,有人就忌吃肥肉,怕吃动物油。其实饮食中数量充足的脂肪对于健康是必不可少的,除为满足能量之外,为满足对必需脂肪酸和脂溶性维生素的需求,都必须摄入足够的脂肪,尤其是处于能量平衡状态经常活动的成年人,如果摄入的必需脂肪酸和其他营养素等是足够的,则总消耗能量的35…     

应激性高血糖对急性心肌梗死预后的影响

急性心肌梗死(AMI)由于突然发生严重的心肌缺血和梗死,可以激发全身应激反应,其中应激性高血糖(stress hyperglycaemia,SHG)是影响AMI预后的一个重要因素[1],本文旨在探讨AMI时SHG与梗死面积的关系及其对预后的影响.