Serum 27E10 antigen: a new potential marker for staging HIV disease.

MRP8 and MRP14 are myeloic related proteins expressed by most circulating and emigrated neutrophils and monocytes. Their composite molecule MRP8/14 (27E10 antigen) was shown to exhibit striking antimicrobial properties. The aim of the present study was to assess the value of MRPs as markers for detection of the different stages of HIV infection (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 1993). By employing the ELISA technique we measured serum concentrations of these proteins in samples from 122 HIV patients at the various stages of disease, and the results were compared with those for healthy controls. Serum levels of the heterodimeric molecule 27E10 were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in patients with CDC stages II and III, with the highest levels being in patients with stage III and acute ongoing opportunistic infections. For the single component MRP14, significantly raised levels (P < 0.05) were only found in HIV stage III individuals with acute clinical events. Similar associations were not found for MRP8 alone. Increase was not related to CD4+ cell count. There was a significant correlation between 27E10 antigen serum concentrations and levels of neopterin in patients with HIV stages II and III without acute concurrent illness. Patients being treated with Zidovudine showed no statistically significant variation in levels of 27E10 and its single components MRP8 and MRP14 compared with untreated patients. These findings suggest that elevation of MRP14 levels occurs in HIV+ individuals at later stages post-HIV infection, after the onset of opportunistic infections. 27E10 antigen is concluded to be a potential marker for the different stages of HIV disease.     

支气管哮喘患者血清IL-10、IL-5和ECP的变化及其意义

目的 通过对支气管哮喘患者和正常对照组的血清IL-10, IL-5和 ECP水平的测定以及相互关系的研究,探讨它们在支气管发病中的作用.方法 应用Pharmacia UniCAP系统和ELISA方法分别测定支气管哮喘患者和正常对照组的血清E CP和IL-10、IL-5水平.结果 正常对照组和发作期的支气管哮喘患者的 ECP水平分别为(3.97±2.13) μg/L和(21.76±12.08) μg/L.正常对照组,支气管哮喘ECP 升高组和支气管哮喘ECP正常组的血清IL-5水平分别为(10.90±4.41) pg/mL,(20.62± 15.7 4) pg/mL和(9.24±7.16) pg/mL.正常对照组和支气管哮喘ECP升高组之间IL-5水平有显著差异(P＜0.01),正常对照组和支气管哮喘ECP正常组之间IL-5水平无差异(P＞0.05) ,支气管哮喘ECP正常组和ECP升高组之间IL-5水平有显著差异(P＜0.01),ECP与IL-5 明显相关 ,两者之间的相关系数r=0.465(P＜0.01).正常对照组,支气管哮喘ECP升高组和支气管哮喘ECP正常组的血清IL-10水平分别为(38.28±15.17) pg/mL,(22.76±15.25) pg/mL 和(42.32±14.61) pg/mL,支气管哮喘ECP正常组和ECP升高组之间IL-10水平有显著差异( P＜0. 01).结论 支气管哮喘的发生与嗜酸粒细胞有密切的关系,ECP和IL-5可反映嗜酸粒细胞的活化程度,在支气管哮喘发作时嗜酸粒细胞处于激活状态,易于释放蛋白颗粒;IL-5对嗜酸粒细胞有调控作用.支气管哮喘组的血清IL-10水平较正常对照组低,提示支气管哮喘患者IL-10分泌减少,不能有效抑制炎症或促炎症细胞因子的合成及释放,亦即不能有效抑制炎症反应,可能是导致或加重气道炎症的原因之一.     

Differential effects of interleukin 12 and interleukin 10 on superantigen-induced expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) and alphaEbeta7 integrin (CD103) by CD8+ T cells

At both cutaneous and mucosal sites, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta are important regulators of chronic inflammatory disease, where cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) and alphaE integrin (CD103) may be expressed. Stimulation with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C (SpeC) increased the expression of CD103 by CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells. While adding IL-12 augmented the expression of CLA, superantigen-induced expression of CD103 was markedly suppressed by IL-12, which could be reversed by TGF-beta. Antibodies against TGF-beta inhibited, and a combination of anti-TGF-beta and IL-12 completely abrogated the induced CD103 expression. IL-10 strongly decreased the frequency of CLA+ and although not increasing the frequency of CD103+CD8+ T cells, the amount of CD103 expressed per cell was markedly increased. Thus, the expression of CLA and CD103 may be antagonistically regulated by IL-10 and IL-12 and the balance between these cytokines could influence the T cell migration of inflammatory cells into epithelial tissues.     

Expression of CD44 in effusions of patients diagnosed with serous ovarian carcinoma – diagnostic and prognostic implications

CD44 is a family of cell adhesion molecules involved in a variety of cellular functions. The present study analysed the expression of two CD44 isoforms in serous effusions of patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma and corresponding primary and metastatic lesions. Fifty-eight effusions, 23 primary ovarian tumours, and 44 metastatic lesions were studied for protein expression of CD44s and v3-10 using immunohistochemistry. Results were correlated with clinical parameters. CD44v3-10 was seen in carcinoma cells in the majority of cases at all sites. Malignant effusions showed an up-regulation of CD44s compared to both primary tumours and metastatic solid lesions. Mesothelial cells frequently expressed CD44s, but were rarely immunoreactive for v3-10. CD44s immunoreactivity in cancer cells in effusions was significantly more often observed in patients with FIGO stage 3 than in stage 4 patients (P = 0.045). Staining results did not correlate with age, effusion site, metastatic site, tumour grade or residual tumour mass after initial surgery. Likewise, comparison of overall and disease-free survival with expression of the CD44 isoforms studied did not reveal any statistically significant associations. The up-regulation in CD44 levels in effusions, primarily in stage 3 disease, suggests that adhesion of ovarian carcinoma cells to mesothelium may be regulated at the level of CD44s expression, and provides further evidence of phenotypic alteration in the transition from primary tumour cell clones to effusions. The similar expression profile of CD44 in carcinoma cells in peritoneal and pleural effusions supports our previous observations and the hypothesis that carcinoma cells in peritoneal effusions are truly metastatic. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Interleukin-10 inhibits IgE-mediated nitric oxide synthase induction and cytokine synthesis in normal human keratinocytes

Human keratinocytes (HK) generate nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory mediators following activation with either IgE/anti-IgE immune complexes or a combination of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Recently, interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to down-regulate various inflammatory responses and to be secreted by lymphocytes and dendritic cells during skin inflammatory reactions. We show here that IL-10 down-regulates the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 by activated HK. Also, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in HK by IgE/anti-IgE or LPS/IFN-γ is significantly reduced by the addition of IL-10. This effect is dose dependent and correlates with reduction of iNOS mRNA production and enzyme level. Therefore, IL-10 down-regulates NO-mediated HK inflammatory responses and may thus participate in the regulation of the skin immune network.     

Role of Der p 1–specific B cells in immune tolerance during 2 years of house dust mite–specific immunotherapy

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eIF3S10在肺癌组织中的表达及与化疗反应的关系

目的:研究eIF3S10在肺癌中的表达及其与化疗反应的关系,探讨其在肺癌预后中的作用。方法:收集在湖南省肿瘤医院治疗的31例支气管纤维镜检肺癌组织和20例肺良性病变组织及10例肺癌边缘正常组织的石蜡组织切片。采用免疫组织化学技术检测eIF3S10蛋白在肺癌组织、肺良性病变组织和正常肺组织中的表达,并分析eIF3S10表达水平与患者化疗敏感性的关系。结果:肺正常组织和肺良性病变组织中eIF3S10阳性率分别为30%和15%,而肺癌组织中eIF3S10的阳性率达61%。eIF3S10表达水平与化疗敏感性存在一定相关性。结论:肺癌组织中有eIF3S10过表达,而肿瘤组织eIF3S10表达过高可能提示患者对化疗反应敏感。     

乳腺癌发生模型MCF10各阶段细胞系中TIMP3基因启动子区甲基化分析

目的探讨抑癌基因TIMP3失活与乳腺癌发生和进展的关系。方法用甲基化特异性PCR技术和亚硫酸盐测序技术检测乳腺癌发生模型MCF10的增生细胞系MCF10A、癌前细胞系MCF10AT、导管内癌细胞系MCF10DCIS.com、浸润癌细胞系MCF10CA1a和转移癌细胞系MCF10CA1d、MCF10CA1h中TIMP3启动子区甲基化状态。结果甲基化特异性PCR分析显示,在上述各细胞系中,TIMP3启动子区均呈高度甲基化状态。亚硫酸盐测序显示,在上述各细胞系中,测序区内的68个CG位点几乎全部发生了甲基化,且甲基化累及了绝大部分等位基因。结论TIMP3基因启动子区甲基化在乳腺癌的发生和进展中起重要作用,可能成为早期诊断乳腺癌和判断乳腺癌预后的分子生物学标记。     

Recombinant gp120 induces IL-10 in resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells; correlation with the induction of other cytokines.

Immunological abnormalities present in HIV-1-infected individuals often reflect an imbalance of cytokine production. The HIV-1 gp120 has the ability to induce a number of cytokines, and to enhance immunoglobulin release by normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro, in the absence of IL-2 production and of lymphoproliferation. This study provides evidence that gp120 is a potent IL-10 inducer in normal PBMC cultures. The pattern of other cytokines induced by gp120 includes interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, IL-1 alpha and -beta, and not IL-2 and IL-4. These findings further define the pattern of cytokine release induced by gp120 on human resting PBMC. Furthermore, the present findings roughly parallel those observed both in the sera of patients and in the mononuclear cells from HIV+ individuals early after infection, suggesting that gp120 could be a good candidate as one of the agents responsible for cytokine dysregulation observed in HIV-1-infected individuals.