外固定胫骨干骺端延长术患者的围手术期护理

肢体延长术已广泛应用于矫正肢体长度不等,先天性或后天性畸形,修复各种骨缺损与骨不连[1]。通过矫正肢体短缩畸形,从而达到改善肢体功能的目的。我科2000年2月~2007年2月共为14例小腿短缩畸形患者,应用外固定延长器进行肢体延长,术后效果较为满意。现将护理体会报告如下。临床资料2000年2月~2007年2月对14例下肢短缩患者行胫骨延长术。其中男性10例,女性4例,年龄7~32岁,平均23.5岁。采用Ilizarov延长术9例、Wasserstein5例。全部病例于术后7~10天开始延长,以1~1.5mm/天的速度开始牵伸延长。2个月后停止延长。手术方法以胫骨结节稍下定为截…     

胫骨干骺端延长术的术后处理

随着胫骨干骺端延长术的广泛开展,其并发症亦越来越多地反映出来。作者主要通过术后的康复治疗措施,减少并发症的发生。本文随访87年11月—88年9月20例胫骨干骺端延长术者,前期病例发生骨延迟愈合1例,一过性肢体麻木4例,马蹄足6例,膝屈曲加重1例。10例经KF多功能康复治疗器照射者,平均骨愈合时间80.3天,其余10例为95天。讨论了KF的作用原理及以上几种并发症的发生原因,提出了相应的预防及处理方法。     

Aneurysmal bone cyst healing response with intramedullary lengthening nail

We report the treatment process of a pediatric patient with deformity and shortening in the arm after a recurrent aggressive aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in the proximal humerus. The patient was treated with curettage of the lesion and lengthening on an intramedullary nail following an osteotomy just distal to the ABC. The period of lengthening was approximately 50 days. At the end of the treatment the lengthening goal was achieved without any neurovascular complication. There was a minimal loss in shoulder hyperabduction due to the deformity of the humeral head.     

踝关节骨折后外踝畸形愈合的外科矫形

目的 观察腓骨旋转延长截骨术治疗踝关节骨折后外踝畸形愈合的临床疗效.方法 自2005年10月至2008年7月,对23例术前诊断为踝部骨折后外踝畸形愈合合并早、中期创伤性关节炎患者行腓骨旋转延长截骨术治疗,采用腓骨斜形或横形截骨,旋转延长后植骨内固定.17例获得完整的随访资料,应用美国骨科足踝外科协会(American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝关节功能评分系统进行评分.结果 17例获得12～45个月(平均29.1个月)随访.骨折全部愈合,平均X线愈合时间13.1周(11～16周).完全负重时间平均为12.1周(11～15周).术前踝关节AOFAS评分为21～47分(平均29分),术后12个月评分为56～91分(平均81分),优5例,良8例,一般3例,差1例,优良率76.5%.术后1例发生切口皮缘部分坏死,经保守治疗痊愈.2例术后出现足外侧皮肤感觉麻木.2例患者在随访时X线片示关节炎有轻微进展,予以关节腔内注射施沛特,保守治疗后获得较满意的临床效果.无螺钉松动、断裂及内固定失败等其他并发症.结论 外踝畸形愈合的踝关节骨折采用腓骨旋转延长截骨术治疗,近期可获得满意效果.     

牙冠延长术保留残根的临床疗效观察

目的 观察牙冠延长术对牙体缺损至龈下的残根修复的临床疗效.方法 对35颗牙体缺损至龈下1～3mm的单根牙的残根行牙冠延长术.根据牙根长度将35颗志牙分为A,B两组,A组20颗患牙,根长≥1.5cm,B组15颗患牙,1.2cm≤根长≤1.5cm,术后6周常规修复.比较术前、术后6周,修复后3个月的效果(包括矛周探诊深度PD和牙松动度ND)以评价临床疗效.结果 35颗惠矛术后3个月牙周情况良好,A组术后无松动,B纽术后33.33%出现Ⅰ～Ⅱ度松动,总有效率为(失败5例)85.72%.结论 牙冠延长术有利于残根的保护和修复,是有效保留残根、残冠的一种最佳方法.但要注意适应证的选择.     

两种伤口保护法在隐匿型阴茎延长术后的应用

目的探讨小儿隐匿型阴茎延长术后伤口的护理方法。方法将60例小儿隐匿型阴茎延长术后的患儿分成两组,每组30例。观察组术后常规护理后,用一次性纸杯剪去底部保护阴茎伤口;对照组30例,术后常规护理后用无菌纱布直接遮盖保护阴茎伤口。观察比较两组手术后伤口出血、尿管堵塞及龟头水肿的术后症状。结果观察组阴茎伤口出血、水肿及术后尿管堵塞发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论小儿隐匿型阴茎延长术后用一次性纸杯保护罩保护伤口,能减少伤口出血、水肿等并发症,并能增加患儿舒适度,提高伤口正常愈合率。此方法简单、价廉,患儿及家长都乐于接受。     

The Effects of botulinum toxin A on muscle histology during distraction osteogenesis

Distraction osteogenesis is a highly successful method of bone formation, yet muscle fibrosis and contractures can result in significant morbidity. In the current study, we investigate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in preventing fibrosis and potentially increasing muscle development in distracted muscles. Fifteen New Zealand White rabbits underwent tibial distraction at 1.5 mm/day until a 20% gain was achieved. Treatment groups were divided by drug (saline or botulinum toxin) and target muscle (gastrocnemius or tibialis anterior). Two additional control animals received no treatment. Bromeodeoxyuridine was delivered continuously throughout the 8‐week experiment, and following muscle harvest. Tissues were stained for BrdU, Pax‐7, vimentin, and haematoxylin and eosin staining. Mitotic activity increased in all distracted animals; however, in the animals receiving botulinum toxin A injections into the gastrocnemius, the antagonist tibialis anterior suffered up to 9% less fibrosis than distraction alone (p = 0.024). Use of botulinum A toxin did not appear to promote or improve neogenesis of muscle fibers, nor did it decrease fibrosis in the injected muscles. It appears from this study, and a previously published study on the effects of this toxin on muscle function, that botulinum A toxin maybe of some benefit in decreasing morbidity in the antagonist muscle but not the muscle injected with the toxin. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:310–317, 2009     

骨肉瘤细胞中端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA的表达及意义

目的研究不同骨肉瘤细胞中人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）mRNA成分的表达情况。方法用全基因组芯片检测人骨肉瘤细胞U2-OS、MG-63、SAOS-2及人成骨细胞hFOB1．19中hTERTmRNA表达;用逆转录PCR、实时定量PCR法检测人宫颈癌细胞株HeLa、人骨肉瘤细胞U2-OS、MG-63、SAOS-2及人成骨细胞hFOBl．19中hTERTmRNA表达。结果全基因组芯片法显示MG-63、SAOS-2、U2-OS、hFOB1．19细胞系中hTERTmRNA表达强度分别为0．9、-0．1、-0．8、11．4,各细胞系均处于相对低表达水平;荧光实时定量PCR法显示MG-63、Hela细胞系中hTERTmRNA相对表达水平分别为1．00±0．08和2．13±0．11,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论hTERTmRNA在骨肉瘤各细胞系中表达率较低,端粒延伸替代机制可能在骨肉瘤端粒维持方面发挥重要作用。     

前牙不良冠修复所致牙周病的临床治疗评价

目的：评价牙周基础治疗及牙冠延长术治疗前牙不良冠修复所致牙周病的临床疗效。方法：选取21例前牙冠修复所致牙周病患者共208颗患牙,均采用牙周基础治疗及牙冠延长术后再行全瓷冠修复,分别于基线点、术后8周、修复后3个月分别记录探针出血（BOP）、探诊深度（PD）、患者满意度,观察临床疗效。结果：术后8周BOP、PD较基线点时有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,修复后3个月BOP、PD与冠延长术后8周相比较无统计学差异。修复后患者的满意度为91.7%。结论：牙周基础治疗及牙冠延长术有利于不良冠修复所致牙周病的治疗,且冠延长术解决了生物学宽度的问题,确保了牙周健康的长期稳定。     

Full mouth rehabilitation of partially and fully edentulous patient with crown lengthening procedure: a case report

BACKGROUND

In order to restore severely attrited teeth properly, surgical intervention in the form of a crown-lengthening procedure may be required. And also, proper diagnosis and treatment sequencing is critical to obtain a successful results. Adequate diagnostic wax-up ensures good esthetics and healthy periodontal tissue.

CASE DESCRIPTION

This clinical case report describes a diagnostically based protocol for restoration on mandibular anterior teeth with crown lengthening procedure and the treatment of partially edentulous mandible combined with an edentulous maxilla. In addition, the effort to prevent the combination syndrome was described.

CLINICAL IMPLICATION

An interdisciplinary diagnosis and examination through visualization of the desired results ensure conservative and more predictable outcome.