The last 10 years in a burn centre in Ankara, Turkey: an analysis of 5264 cases

This is a retrospective study analysing 5264 patients treated in the burn centre at Gülhane Military Medical Academy from 1 January 1986 to 31 December 1995. Our burn centre is not only the firs, but one of the best established and supported in Turkey. Our present study has the largest patient group of other previously published studies from Turkey. Of the total patients studied, 4464 patients had minor burns and were treated on an outpatient basis and 800 patients had moderate to major burns. Although our centre is in a military area in Ankara, only 1047 (20 per cent) patients were military personnel and the military-related burn causes comprised only 6 per cent of the total. The remaining 4217 (80 per cent of the total patients) were civilians. Flame injuries were also more frequent in military patients than civilians. Minor burns were most common in the age group 0–10 years old (40 per cent) and moderate to major burns in the age group 21–30 years (54 per cent). Scalds were the main cause of paediatric burns. Male patients were dominant. The overall mortality among inpatients was 18.2 per cent and mean total body surface area (TBSA) was 57.6 per cent in patients who died. 134 patients demonstrated inhalation injury and 82 per cent of these patients died. The epidemiological pattern of our patients is similar to that in other studies from developed countries, although some ethnic causative factors could be found. Our study indicates that emergency measures should be taken to prevent flame injuries at military barracks and industrial workplaces and scalding accidents to children at home and throughout the country.     

Blood platelets in severely injured burned patients

Unbelievable decrease of blood-platelet in the severely burned patients during the treatment of skingrafting caused two patients to unexpected death. From the records of changes of platelet number, a certain ‘platelet curve’ was made. By observing the curve, our treatments of skingrafting were carried out during the stable period and from then on we had no death cases.     

Cryopreserved cadaveric allografts for treatment of unexcised partial thickness flame burns: clinical experience with 12 patients

Partial thickness burns (PTB) usually heal within 3 weeks. Prevention of infection and desiccation of the wounds are crucial for optimal healing. Early tangential excision of the burn eschar and allografting prevent deepening of the burns, and are therefore advocated for treatment with the best functional and aesthetic results. For superficial partial thickness burns (SPTB) conservative use of topical antimicrobial agents with frequent dressing changes are implemented. We compared the conservarive treatment for PTBs and SPTBs to grafting cryopreserved cadaveric allografts with no prior excision.

Twelve patients with flame PTB areas were allografted after mechanical debridement without excision of the burn wounds. The allografts were cadaveric skin cryopreserved by programmed freezing and stored at −180°C for 30–48 months. Matching burns for depth and area were treated with silver sulfadiazine (SSD) one to two times daily until healing or debridement and grafting were required.

It was found that 80 per cent of the cryopreserved allografts adhered well and 76 per cent of the treated areas healed within 21 days, whereas only 40 per cent of the SSD-treated burns healed within 21 days.

Partial thickness burns can be treated successfully with viable human allografts (cryopreserved cadaveric skin) with no prior surgical excision. The burn wounds heal well within 3 weeks. For deep partial thickness burns (DPTB) treatment with allografts has no advantage if they have not been previously excised.     

Manic episode with psychotic symptoms induced by subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a patient with Parkinson's disease.

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an established therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). A manic episode with psychotic symptoms induced by STN-DBS occurred in a previously psychiatrically healthy patient, focusing on the role of STN-DBS in influencing not only motor but also emotional behaviour.     

臀、会阴及其周围Ⅲ度烧伤的早期切痂治疗体会

目的　总结臀、会阴及其周围Ⅲ度烧伤的早期切痂治疗的经验。方法　对 3 2例臀、会阴Ⅲ度烧伤患者于伤后 3～ 7d内行切痂 ,嵌皮、大张皮片或皮瓣修复创面的资料进行回顾分析。结果　本组病例皮瓣、皮片大部分成活好 ,外观、功能恢复满意。结论　臀、会阴及周围Ⅲ度烧伤早期切痂治疗可缩短疗程 ,减少外观及功能障碍 ,近远期效果好     

Amplatz血栓消融器治疗急性深静脉血栓的实验研究

目的 评价Amplatz血栓消融器(ATD)治疗急性深静脉血栓形成动物模型的近期疗效。方法 30条实验犬麻醉后，经右侧股静脉插入Fogarty球囊导管，完全阻断肾下下腔静脉，诱导深静脉血栓形成，用ATD经右侧股静脉进行旋切去栓治疗，在第7、14、30d后再次行静脉造影，观察下腔静脉的通畅度。结果 ATD旋切去栓治疗急性深静脉血栓形成的技术操作成功率为100％，近期的通畅率为100％，血栓形成复发率14．8l％。无明显的血管壁损伤和肺动脉栓塞的病理学现象。结论 ATD治疗急性深静脉血栓安全、快速、有效，无明显的并发症。     

脑深部电刺激术的电极移位

目的研究脑深部电刺激术(DBS)电极移位的原因及预防措施.方法研究113例帕金森病DBS术中及术后程控时的深部电极与预置靶点的差异.结果发生电极移位5例,其中术中发生2例;3例术中刺激效果满意,电极未发生移位,但术后4周程控时达不到满意效果,复查头颅MRI示脑深部电极移位,2例比原定位置深4 mm,1例比原定位置深6 mm.结论植入的刺激电极在颅内移位是影响DBS治疗效果的重要因素,可造成某些病人术中刺激效果好,但一段时间后疗效差的现象,应积极预防.     

Long-term benefit to pallidal deep brain stimulation in a case of dystonia secondary to pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration.

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with onset in childhood and rapid progression. There is no causative and insufficient symptomatic drug therapy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the internal pallidum (GPi) has been reported to improve motor function. Most case reports, however, are limited to short observational periods. The impact of DBS on the progression and life expectancy in PKAN is unknown. We present a 5-year outcome and video documentation of bilateral GPi-DBS of an adolescent patient suffering from genetically defined PKAN.     

深覆盖患者正畸矫治后的面部软组织美学特征改变

目的:对两例生长发育高峰期后的骨性下颌后缩患者成功矫正深覆盖后的面部软组织改变进行研究。方法:患者矫治前后的头颅侧位X线片进行描图和重叠,分析软组织的变化。结果:软组织主要变化有:下面高增加,下唇明显前移,上唇后移,颏唇沟变浅,唇肌紧张度改善。结论:固定矫治器配合Forsus矫治器和II类间牵引使两例严重深覆盖患者的侧貌得到了明显改善。但矫正效果主要为牙颌-牙槽代偿,临床中需谨慎应用,注意病例选择。     

MEBO治疗小面积烧烫伤经验总结

目的:观察患者或家庭成员使用湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)治疗小面积烧伤的疗效,探讨非专业科室或非医务人员使用MEBO治疗小面积烧烫伤的经验及家庭治疗的可行性。方法:对不同深度,不同部位的小面积烧烫伤,医务人员进行首次清创换药后均改由患者或家庭成员涂药治疗,保证每6小时涂药1次,适时清除创面药物及分泌物。结果:本组23例中,15例热水、热液烫伤,2例火焰烧伤,3例电击伤,3例摩托车热排气管烧伤,深度为Ⅱ度-Ⅲ度,面积1％-8％TBSA不等,全部治愈。结论:患者或家庭成员使用MEBO治疗小面积烧烫伤,疗效可靠,简便实用。