关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

目的：分析关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的价值。方法以68例患者为对象,比较患者术前、后Lysholm膝关节功能评分和Lachman试验阴性率。结果：所有患者骨折均愈合良好。术后Lysholm评分为（92.84±1.65）分,显著高于术前（28.46±1.37）的评分（t=33.486,P=0.000）。术后Lachman阴性率为0.00%,显著低于术前100.00%的阳性率（χ2=36.942,P=0.000)。结论关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折具有较好的近期疗效。     

前交叉韧带重建术后运动康复临床研究

目的 探讨前交叉韧带重建术后康复方法的安全性和有效性,力求确定一种有指导价值的康复方案.方法 选取前交叉韧带重建术后患者60例为研究对象.按照术后是否严格完成康复计划分为2组:康复训练组(40例)和对照组(20例).随访至术后1年,比较2组膝关节活动度、Lysholm评分、大腿肌肉放松和收缩状态、关节功能及稳定性等指标变化情况.结果 2组在住院时间、手术时间、关节腔穿刺治疗率等方面差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后1年康复组在膝关节活动度、大腿肌肉放松和收缩状态、Lysholm评分均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 本康复方案对于前交叉韧带损伤术后功能的恢复安全有效,建议前交叉韧带损伤重建患者选用.     

Analyse vidéographique 2D d’exercices fonctionnels avec déplacements verticaux et mesure de la force musculaire isocinétique du genou après ligamentoplastie du ligament croisé antérieur

Introduction

After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ligamentoplasty, muscular recovery is often compared to asymmetries in monopodal length jumps, but rarely to functional exercises with vertical displacements. The objective of this study is to analyze these asymmetries and to determine the correlations with the muscular force.

Efficacy study of two novel hyaluronic acid-based formulations for viscosupplementation therapy in an early osteoarthrosic rabbit model

Viscosupplementation (VS) is a therapy for osteoarthrosis (OA) consisting of repetitive intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA). It is known to be clinically effective in relieving pain and increasing joint mobility by restoring joint homeostasis. In this study, the effects of two novel HA-based VS hydrogel formulations were assessed and challenged against a pure HA commercial formulation for the first time and this in a rabbit model of early OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). The first formulation tested was a hybrid hydrogel composed of HA and reacetylated chitosan, a biopolymer considered to be chondroprotective, assembled thanks to an ionic shielding. The second formulation consisted of a novel HA polymer grafted with antioxidant molecules (HA-4AR) aiming at decreasing OA oxidative stress and increasing HA retention time in the articulation.ACLT was performed on rabbits in order to cause structural changes comparable to traumatic osteoarthrosis. The protective effects of the different formulations were observed on the early phase of the pathology in a full randomized and blinded manner. The cartilage, synovial membrane, and subchondral bone were evaluated by complementary investigation techniques such as gross morphological scoring, scanning electron microscopy, histological scoring, and micro-computed tomography were used.In this study, ACLT was proven to successfully reproduce early OA articular characteristics found in humans. HA and HA-4AR hydrogels were found to be moderately protective for cartilage as highlighted by μCT. The HA-4AR was the only formulation able to decrease synovial membrane hypertrophy occurring in OA. Finally, the hybrid HA-reacetylated chitosan hydrogel surprisingly led to increased subchondral bone remodeling and cartilage defect formation. This study shows significant effects of two innovative HA modification strategies in an OA rabbit model, which warrant further studies toward more effective viscosupplementation formulations.     

Perceived barriers to implementation of injury prevention programs among collegiate women’s soccer coaches

ObjectivesKnee injury prevention programs (IPPs) reduce knee and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates in female athletes, however, implementation of IPPs is low. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to implementation of IPPs among collegiate women’s soccer coaches.DesignCross-sectional survey.MethodsA custom survey based on the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework and existing literature was sent to 151 out of 153 women’s National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) soccer coaches in the NCAA’s Eastern Region.ResultsTen respondents reported that they did not use an IPP (Non-users), and nineteen respondents reported that they did use an IPP (Users). “Cost” was the most highly ranked barrier (median rank: 2) to implementing an IPP among Non-users. For the statement, “Who should be responsible for completing an IPP,” Users said “Coaches” (47%) and “Other” (21%), while Non-users said “Strength and conditioning” (50%) and “Athletic trainers” (30%). Respondents who marked “Other”, elaborated that it was the responsibility of coaches, athletes, and additional staff members.ConclusionsCost was the primary barrier to implementation of an IPP. Since the majority of Non-users indicated that implementation of an IPP was the responsibility of a non-coaching staff member, cost may be a surrogate for the expense of hiring an additional staff member rather than the cost of performing the IPP itself. Additionally, using a team-based approach that encompasses athletes, coaches, and non-coaching staff members may support long-term implementation of IPPs.     

Rehabilitation duration and time of starting sport-related activities associated with return to the previous level of sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

ObjectivesTo determine predictors for return to previous level of sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).DesignCross-sectional;SettingAthletic teams.ParticipantsNinety-one athletes who had ACLR with hamstring-tendon autograft within 1–5 years participated in this study. Athletes indicated their sport participation levels, injury profile, rehabilitation duration, and time to start sport-related activities (running, cutting-pivoting) after ACLR. Athletes answered whether they returned to the same previous level of frequency, duration, and intensity of sports.Main outcome measuresAthletes’ characteristics, injury and surgical factors, duration of post-operative rehabilitation program, and time to start sport-related activities after ACLR were evaluated by univariate logistic regression to determine predictors for return to previous level of sports.ResultsNine athletes (10%) returned to their self-described previous level of sports. Predictors for returning to previous level of sports were rehabilitation duration >4 months (OR:6.78; p = .011), time to start running ≤4 months (OR:8.62; p = .047) and cutting-pivoting <6 months after surgery (OR:5.02; p = .030).ConclusionLonger post-operative rehabilitation duration and time to start sport-related activities after ACLR predicted return to previous level of sports. Spending adequate time in post-operative rehabilitation program and time-based resumption of sports-related activities after ACLR might be key factors for returning to previous sports level.     

Changes in landing mechanics using augmented feedback: 4-Week training and retention study

ContextNon-contact ACL injuries are common in female athletes during landing tasks. Post-trial performance-based feedback may be an effective method to reduce landing forces and knee valgus during landing. Information regarding the retention of these changes based on such training is generally lacking for weekly and monthly retention.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of post-trial feedback training to promote and retain changes in vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and knee to ankle (K:A) ratio during a dual task drop landing in female collegiate athletes.DesignRepeated measures;SettingUniversity campus.Participants22 female collegiate athletes.Materials and methodsDual task drop landings were performed over 4 successive weeks with immediate post trial feedback on peak vGRF, symmetry, and K:A ratio. K:A ratio was a surrogate measure for knee valgus in drop landing.ResultsSignificant decreases in vGRF and increases in K:A ratio were found within training sessions (p = .000). Both variables were retained each week over the 4 weeks.ConclusionUsing a custom portable clinical feedback system may be an effective tool in reducing peak vGRFs and knee abduction angles during a drop landing over a 4-week period in female collegiate athletes.     

Delaying ACL reconstruction beyond 6 months from injury impacts likelihood for clinically significant outcome improvement

BackgroundThe effect of surgical latency on outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a topic that is heavily debated. Some studies report increased benefit when time from injury to surgery is decreased while other studies report no benefit. The purpose of our analysis was to compare achievement of clinically significant outcomes (CSOs) in patients with greater than six months of time from injury to ACLR to those with less than or equal to six months of time to surgery.MethodsPatients undergoing primary ACLR between January 2017 and January 2018 with minimum one year follow-up were included. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for outcome achievement and risk of revision ACLR and Weibull parametric survival analysis was performed for relative time to outcome achievement. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05.Results379 patients were included of which, 140 patients sustained ACL injury greater than six months prior to surgery. This group of patients experienced reduced likelihood to achieve patient-acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) on the IKDC (p = 0.03), KOOS Pain (p = 0.01) and a greater likelihood to undergo revision ACLR (p = 0.001). There was no impact of surgical timing on minimal clinically important difference (MCID).ConclusionPatients with greater than 6 months from injury to ACLR reported reduced likelihood to achieve CSOs, delayed achievement of CSOs, and increased rates of revision surgery.     

膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的弥散张量成像观测

目的　为膝关节前交叉韧带损伤分度提供新的影像诊断依据。 方法　选取膝关节弥散张量成像扫描检查正常者100例和单侧前交叉韧带撕裂伤者100例,后者按照损伤程度分为Ⅰ~Ⅳ级,在工作站划分前交叉韧带损伤处及正常组相应部位感兴趣区,测量各向异性分数（fractional anisotropy,FA）和表观弥散系数（apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC）,生成纤维示踪图像。 结果　前交叉韧带损伤处与正常组相应部位的FA和ADC差异有统计学意义,损伤处的FA低于正常组,ADC高于正常组。前交叉韧带Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级损伤处的FA和ADC差异有统计学意义,FA随损伤程度增高而逐渐降低,与损伤程度呈负相关;ADC则逐渐增高,与损伤程度呈正相关。FA和ADC、纤维示踪成像及MRI诊断前交叉韧带损伤程度分级的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值差异均有统计学意义,从高到低均依次为纤维示踪成像、FA和ADC、MRI。 结论　膝关节前交叉韧带损伤处的FA和ADC与损伤程度密切相关,纤维示踪成像可以提高损伤程度分级的准确率,弥散张量成像可以为前交叉韧带损伤分级提供更准确的影像诊断依据。     

Canine cruciate ligament ruptures: Implications for financial costs and human health

The cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs is homologous to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in humans. Factors that place an individual at-risk for noncontact ruptures are not clearly defined in humans or dogs. Cyclic variation in human females as well as early spay/neuter in canines has frequently implicated hormonal variation, however these factors do not fully explain the human dimorphic or canine breed rupture rates. The present study examined dogs as a proxy model for humans to better understand the covariance. A random clinical data sample from the Oklahoma State University Veterinary Hospital was obtained on (n = 29) CCL surgical cases and nonsurgical (n = 28) controls. A statistical test for association of spay/neuter with CCL rupture was significant (chi-square = 21.7, p < .01). Sex balance between the groups was not significantly (p > .01) different. Data on other variables related to morphometric variability such as the tibial plateau angle was not available on the nonsurgical sample and comparisons could only be made to values from the literature. Though there may have been sample bias, this preliminary study found that more large than small dogs were represented in the surgical sample. Our results also support the claim that spayed/neutered dogs are more likely to rupture their CCL than intact dogs. Given the high costs of surgical repair, both for canines and humans, we argue for multivariate studies that investigate the interaction of variables in a larger subject sample which can provide comparable data on all parameters.