In vivo activation of NK cells induces inhibition of lung colonization of H-2 positive and H-2 negative fibrosarcoma tumor clones

The role of different tilorone analogs in the abrogation of the metastatic spread of H-2 positive and H-2 negative tumor clones was studied. Pre-treatment of BALB/c mice with RMI 10,874DA compound completely abolished lung colonization of an H-2 negative (GR9.B9) MCA-induced fibrosarcoma clone in an experimental metastasis assay. This effect was also evident when clones were treated with other tilorone analogs (R11,567DA or R11,513DA). Other H-2 positive and H-2 negative chemically induced fibrosarcoma clones were also tested. The effect was not due to direct toxicity of the tilorone analog on tumor cells, but instead was dependent on NK cells; this was suggested by the finding that treatment of mice with anti-asialo GM₁ abrogated the effect of the tilorone analog (RMI 10,874DA compound). Interestingly, the inhibition of lung colonization after intravenous injection was again observed regardless of the H-2 phenotype of the tumor clones, and H-2⁺ and H-2^– clones were similarly inhibited.In vitro assays of NK sensitivity of tumor clones showed that lysis varied depending on the H-2 phenotype of tumor clones, indicating an absence of correlation betweenin vivo andin vitro results.     

认识领悟疗法治疗对人恐惧症

目的 探讨认识领悟疗法对对人恐惧症的治疗作用.方法 按照钟友彬教授认识领悟疗法的原理、方法和步骤,对来访者实施认识领悟治疗.结果 来访者的恐惧症状在治疗后消失.结论 使用认识领悟疗法治疗对人恐惧症有效.     

系统脱敏与冲击疗法治疗社交恐怖症的疗效比较

使用系统脱敏疗法和冲击疗法各治疗一组社交恐怖症,随访一年,两组疗效比较,治愈率系统脱敏组为30.7%,冲击组为26.6%。差异不显著(u-0.2397,p>0.05),而系统脱敏疗法循序渐进、病人乐意接受,冲击疗法,虽疗程较短,但患者心理似不易承受.     

In-vitro interaction of azithromycin and fluoroquinolones against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

Objective: To determine the combined in-vitro effects of azithromycin plus the fluoroquinolone ofloxacin or lomefloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Methods: Fractional inhibitory (FIC) and fractional bactericidal concentration indices of azithromycin and the fluoroquinolone were determined using a microtiter-checkerboard method. Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Haemophilus influenzae, Xanthomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus were studied. Fourteen strains of S. aureus were also studied in time-kill curves with azithromycin (4 mg/L), lomefloxacin (6 mg/L) and the two in combination.
Results: No synergism or antagonism was found in inhibitory assays. However, bactericidal assays revealed antagonism with some strains of S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, X. maltophilia, A. calcoaceticus, P. aeruginosa, P. cepacia, K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Kill-curve results with 14 strains of S. aureus showed no antagonism with four strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and antagonism with one strain of MRSA and seven methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA).
Conclusions: In-vitro exposure to combinations of azithromycin and a fluoroquinolone does not produce a synergistic effect. Antagonism was found in bactericidal assays against some gram-negative bacteria and MSSA; caution is therefore recommended in the use of macrolides and quinolones against these organisms.     

IL-18基因修饰增强肿瘤抗原多肽致敏的树突状细胞体内诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应

目的 :研究肿瘤抗原多肽致敏的白细胞介素 18(IL 18)基因修饰的树突状细胞体内诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应。方法 :①以Lewis 3LL肺癌细胞特异性抗原肽mut1冲击致敏IL 18基因修饰的骨髓来源的树突状细胞 (DC IL 18 mut1) ,每次用其 1× 10 5 只皮下免疫小鼠 2次 ,然后测定脾细胞的NK活性及CTL杀伤活性 ;②以DC IL 18 mut1每次 2× 10 5 只皮下免疫 1次 ,然后再以 5× 10 53LL细胞攻击 ,在诱导及效应阶段分别以单抗阻断不同免疫成份 ,观察肿瘤的生长。结果 :以DC IL 18 mut1皮下免疫后可诱导出比DC mut1等免疫组更高水平的 3LL肺癌细胞特异性CTL ,并使NK活性明显增加 ;单抗体内阻断实验提示在DC IL 18 mut1免疫诱导阶段 ,CD4 + T细胞和抗原共刺激分子、IFN γ均起到重要作用 ,而效应阶段CD8+ T、IFN γ、NK起作用 ,而CD4 + T则是非必需的。结论 :DC IL 18 mut1皮下免疫后可诱导高水平的抗肿瘤免疫活性 ,其机理与抗原有效提呈、特异性CTL诱导、NK活性增加以及CD4 + 、CD8+ T、NK细胞、IFN γ参与密切相关。     

脊柱融合的基因治疗

稳定的脊柱融合与相邻椎骨的融合有关，经典的脊柱融合手术采用剥离椎骨，自体髂骨植骨融合术，虽然应用自体髂骨植骨被认为是植骨融合的金标准，但是它常伴有并发症出现，基因治疗被认为是促进脊柱关节固定融合的新途径，研究表明在动物模型中应用腺病毒，脂质体搭载人骨形成蛋白（hBMP)基因族能促进脊柱融合，有关在动物模型中通过基因转染促进脊柱融合的研究，本文对此作简要介绍，弄清楚骨形成中基因的表达和开发出新的基因转染载体是目前研究的重点，相信在不远的将来，基因治疗脊柱融合能在临床中得到应用。     

The genome of bacteriophage phiKMV,a T7-like virus infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The complete DNA sequence of a new lytic T7-like bacteriophage phiKMV is presented. It is the first genome sequence of a member of the Podoviridae that infects Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The linear G + C-rich (62.3%) double-stranded DNA genome of 42,519 bp has direct terminal repeats of 414 bp and contains 48 open reading frames that are all transcribed from the same strand. Despite absence of homology at the DNA level, 11 of the 48 phiKMV-encoded putative proteins show sequence similarity to known T7-type phage proteins. Eighteen open reading frame products have been assigned, including an RNA polymerase, proteins involved in DNA replication, as well as structural, phage maturation, and lysis proteins. Surprisingly, the major capsid protein completely lacks sequence homology to any known protein. Also, the strong virulence toward many clinical P. aeruginosa isolates and a short replication time make phiKMV attractive for phage therapy or a potential source for antimicrobial proteins.     

Expert opinion on the management and follow-up of uveitis patients during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Routine medical and ophthalmic care is being drastically curtailed in the context of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Uveitis patients require particular attention because of their theoretical risk of viral infection, in the context of therapeutic immunosuppression.