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71.
72.
何云 《中华现代外科学杂志》2006,3(2):109-111
目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎的合理治疗方案。方法以1985年1月~2005年8月间收治的102例重症急性胰腺炎作研究对象,比较手术组与非手术组的主要并发症和死亡率。A组:1985年1月~1993年12月以手术治疗为主41例;B组:1994年1月~2005年8月以早期非手术治疗为主61例。结果手术组死亡率和并发症发生率明显高于非手术组,两组病死率及并发症发生率比较差异有显著性(P〈0.05)。结论重症急性胰腺炎采用早期非手术治疗能有效降低病死率和并发症发生率。大多数重症急性胰腺炎可经非手术治愈。 相似文献
73.
AIM/BACKGROUND: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown aetiology. Up to 10% of patients with typical features of PBC will have additional features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). A subset, however, have no such features but go on to develop a 'sequential' AIH overlap syndrome. Objectives: Describe our experience with eight patients who developed AIH after the diagnosis of PBC was made. METHODS: We reviewed the charts of all PBC patients over a 9-year period (from 1996 to 2005). Only PBC patients with no features of AIH were included. RESULTS: There were 1476 patients with PBC. Of these, eight patients developed features of AIH overlap syndrome based on biochemical and histological parameters. Treatment included prednisone and azathioprine for 24 or more months. The majority of patients remained on ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) throughout treatment. Response to therapy was defined by improvement in enzymes, and was rapid for all patients. One patient was able to discontinue treatment with prednisone and azathioprine, while seven have continued on therapy to date. CONCLUSIONS: A 'sequential' overlap syndrome of AIH with PBC can occur. Treatment with prednisone and azathioprine may lead to a rapid improvement in aminotransferase levels. 相似文献
74.
Maher Saqqur MD Michael D. Hill MD MSc FRCPC Andrei V. Alexandrov MD Jayanta Roy MD Marcia Schebel BSc Andrea Krol BSc Zsolt Garami MD Ashfaq Shuaib MD FRCPC Andrew M. Demchuk MD FRCPC 《Journal of neuroimaging》2006,16(4):323-328
BACKGROUND: Stringent transcranial Doppler (TCD) criteria for diagnosing occlusion are needed for more reliable TCD performance at bedside in the acute stroke setting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: At three academic stroke centers, we performed TCD examination for patients with symptoms of cerebral ischemia who underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We used a standard insonation protocol with power M-mode Doppler (PMD) TCD (TCD 100 M, Spencer Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA). We collected mean flow velocity (MFV), pulsatility indices (PI), and power M-mode resistance signature (absent, high, or low) in symptomatic middle (MCA), anterior (ACA), posterior (PCA), and in affected (a), ipsilateral (i), and contralateral (c-lat) cerebral arteries. Ratios of aMCA/c-lat MCA, aMCA/iACA, and aMCA/iPCA MFV were subsequently calculated. PMD-TCD flow findings were evaluated with a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for angiographically proven MCA occlusion. RESULTS: We studied 120 patients with acute cerebral ischemia with PMD-TCD examinations prior to or immediately after DSA. Lower aMCA velocities pointed to higher probability of occlusion (P= .055). The aMCA/iPCA MFV ratio was superior to the aMCA/iACA ratio and strongly predictive of occlusion at a threshold ratio of 0.5 (RR 2.31 CI(95) 2.13-2.51). High resistance or absent M-mode flow signatures in the proximal MCA were present in 87% of M1 and M2 MCA occlusions (probability 87%). In the presence of a low-resistance PMD signature, obtaining the aMCA/iPCA MFV ratio <0.5 increases probability of occlusion to 87%. Normal MFV ratios and low-resistance M-mode signatures are highly predictive of a negative angiogram for MCA occlusion. CONCLUSION: In acute cerebral ischemia, reliable criteria for proximal MCA occlusion have been developed based on combination of MFV ratios and M-mode flow resistance signatures. Validation of these criteria will require multicenter studies. 相似文献
75.
癫痫手术后短期内癫痫发作病因分析及临床意义 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:研究癫痫手术后短期癫痫发作的原因以及对预后的判断价值。方法:回顾性分析73例患者资料,将抗癫痫药物使用情况、以及是否颞叶癫痫、是否由肿瘤引起的癫痫、是否外伤性癫痫发作作为危险因素与术后短期癫痫发作进行Logistic回归模型分析。并对所有患者进行了12个月以上的随访。手术后短期癫痫发作与患者术后长期控制结果进行χ2检验。结果:19例患者发生APOSs。手术后抗癫痫药物使用不合理可能是APOSs独立的危险因素。癫痫手术患者出现APOSs组与未出现APOSs组在术后随访的癫痫Enge分级评分中无统计学差异。结论:抗癫痫药物的使用不当可能是手术后短期癫痫发作的主要原因之一。癫痫手术后APOSs的出现不能预测患者的长期预后情况。 相似文献
76.
急性重症胰腺炎的中西医结合非手术治疗 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
汤华伦 《中国中西医结合外科杂志》2006,12(2):86-87
目的:探讨中西医结合非手术治疗急性重症胰腺炎的疗效.方法:同期设治疗组和对照组,两组均给予西医综合治疗,治疗组加用中医中药.结果:治疗组治愈率81.25%,中转手术率4.17%,2~3周后手术处理后遗症率8.33%,病死率6.25%.对照组治愈率40.74%,中转手术率11.11%,2~3周后手术处理后遗症率18.52%,病死率29.63%.均有显著性差异.结论:中西医结合治疗疗效确切,并有降低死亡率、减少并发症、缩短病程等优点. 相似文献
77.
Ichiro Yasuda Takuji Iwashita Takaya Ohnishi Tsuyoshi Mukai Masamichi Enya Eiichi Tomita Hisataka Moriwaki 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(Z1):S92-S95
Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) is a well established mode of biliary decompression. Although ENBD is certainly an uncomfortable procedure with the potential risk of spontaneous dislocation or removal of the drainage catheter by disoriented patients, it has several advantages over endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) using an indwelling stent. The current indications for ENBD are: (i) temporary drainage to treat obstructive jaundice and cholangitis caused by malignant or benign biliary stricture; (ii) urgent drainage to treat suppurative cholangitis primarily caused by common bile duct stones; (iii) temporary drainage after stone removal in patients with suspected incomplete clearance and/or with cholangitis; and (iv) biliary leaks that occur primarily after surgery, as well as other indications. Different types of nasobiliary catheters are currently available that have been designed with various diameters, shapes, and materials. However, the current catheters are not considered by most endoscopists to be sufficient. Further improvements are needed to achieve better drainage and better maneuverability. 相似文献
78.
R. H. Wiesner B. J. Steffen K. M. David A. H. Chu R. D. Gordon J. R. Lake 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(7):1609-1616
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) used in a triple-drug regimen has been shown to decrease acute rejection rates, compared to a double-drug regimen. The impact of MMF on late acute rejection (LAR) episodes has not been well described. To investigate the risk of LAR (rejection > or = 6 months post-transplantation) data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) were used. We studied adult primary liver transplant recipients transplanted between June 1, 1995, and April 30, 2004, with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (n = 3356), hepatitis B virus (HBV) (n = 550) or a nonviral (n = 5740) primary cause of liver disease who were recorded as receiving continuous 3-(MMF + Tacro + steroids) versus 2-drug (Tacro + steroids) therapy for at least 6 months immediately post transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower LAR rates 4 years post-transplant in 3- versus 2-drug HCV, HBV and nonviral disease patients. Multivariate regression confirmed 3- versus 2-drug therapy to be associated with a decreased risk of LAR. Late graft survival was significantly lower at 4 years post-transplant for patients with LAR 6-12 months post-transplantation versus patients with early rejection (78.0% vs. 87.0%, p < 0.001) and no rejection (88.1%, p < 0.001). Three-drug versus 2-drug therapy for a minimum of 6 months may offer a better treatment strategy to avoid the consequences and expense of LAR episodes. 相似文献
79.
BACKGROUND: Diffuse peritubular capillary (PTC) C4d deposition has been shown to be associated with relatively poor graft outcome. The significance of focal PTC C4d staining in the early post-transplant period is uncertain. METHODS: Sixty-five biopsies from 53 patients with acute rejection were graded (Banff '97 criteria), stained for C4d, monocytes and T cells, and divided into three groups according to PTC C4d: (i) focal C4d (F) (14 biopsies, 14 patients), (ii) diffuse C4d (D) (23 biopsies, 15 patients) and (iii) no C4d (N) (28 biopsies, 24 patients). The three groups were compared with respect to a variety of biopsy and clinical parameters including outcome. RESULTS: The incidence of transplant glomerulitis and glomerular monocyte infiltration were significantly greater in F (64% and 2.0+/-2.0) and D (57% and 3.4+/-2.0) than in N (11% and 0.2+/-0.2). A significantly higher proportion of F (93%) demonstrated acute cellular rejection (Banff '97 grade > or = 1A) than did D (35%). The F and D groups included significantly more females (50 and 67%, respectively) than did N (21%). The percentage of patients with a second or third transplant was higher in F (29%) and D (40%) than in N (8%) (P = 0.0589). The proportion of patients with glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min at 12, 24 and 48 months was higher in the D and F groups than in the N, and there was a statistically significant increasing trend in odds of this outcome occurring at 48 months across the three groups (D > F > N group) (P = 0.0416). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the biopsy findings and clinical course in patients with focal PTC C4d staining are similar to those associated with diffuse C4d. 相似文献
80.
陈春民 《山西医科大学学报》2002,33(Z1):37-38
目的探讨胆道梗阻性重症胰腺炎合理治疗方案.方法分析29例胆道梗阻性重症胰腺炎的临床治疗.结果治疗效果满意.结论对胆道梗阻性重症胰腺炎宜早期手术.手术方法应简单易行,确保充分引流及解除胆道梗阻.如何避免坏死的胰腺组织继发感染是问题关键,保护胰腺被膜完整性是避免胰腺继发感染的重要措施之一. 相似文献