PENA方法的建立及与ELISA IgM检测CMV的比较

目的　介绍一种敏感、稳定、快速、简便的实验室检测CMV的方法 ,同时探讨该种新方法与ELISA检测CMV方法的优、缺点。方法　对 5 5 2例病人应用间接荧光免疫法测定细胞核中的特异病毒早期抗体 (PENA)和ELISA法测定IgM抗体。结果　PENA方法 :强阳性 88例 ,阳性率 15 4 9% ,弱阳性 2 73例 ,阳性率 5 9 4 6 % ;ELISA -IgM方法 :阳性 34例 ,阳性率6 16 %。结论　PENA方法操作简便 ,与ELISA方法相比较 ,可对CMV感染进行早期测定及诊断 ,并可区分既往感染和即时感染 ,具有敏感性和稳定性 ,是测定小儿CMV感染的一种较好的方法     

Nocturnal penile tumescence as a biologic marker in assessing erectile dysfunction

Recent findings challenge the belief that most cases of impotence are psychogenic. Research indicates that nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) can be viewed as a biologic marker for physiologic erectile capacity. Thus, the test can help to distinguish between physicogenic and psychogenic impotence. To determine proximal causes of erectile failure, other evaluations are easily performed during NPT monitoring.     

Flutamide-metformin plus an oral contraceptive (OC) for young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: switch from third- to fourth-generation OC reduces body adiposity

BACKGROUND: Low-dose flutamide-metformin has been developed as a background therapy for non-obese adolescents and young women with hyperinsulinaemic hyperandrogenism, a variant of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We verified whether the lipolytic efficacy of flutamide-metformin in women with PCOS is enhanced by giving an oral contraceptive (OC) co-therapy that contains drospirenone, instead of gestodene, as progestin. METHODS: An open-labelled study was carried out in which non-obese women with PCOS (n = 29; age approximately 20 years), who had been on a combination of flutamide (62.5 mg/day), metformin (850 mg/day) and ethinylestradiol-gestodene for 8-15 months, were randomized for replacement of the gestodene OC by a drospirenone OC. Assessments of endocrine-metabolic state and body composition (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were performed at randomization and after 6 months. RESULTS: The switch to drospirenone OC was accompanied by a reduction of total and abdominal fat (mean -0.8 and -0.5 kg) and by an increment of lean body mass (+0.6 kg; all P < 0.01), so that body adiposity was strikingly reduced without changing body weight. CONCLUSION: In non-obese women with PCOS, low-dose flutamide-metformin reduces total and abdominal fat excess more effectively if contraceptive co-therapy contains drospirenone, instead of gestodene, as progestin.     

秦巴山区初中学生心理健康状况调查研究

目的　了解秦巴山区初中学生心理健康状况及其影响的主要因素。方法　采用 SCL-90临床症状自评量表随机对陕西省安康地区双溪乡初中学生进行心理健康测查。结果　秦巴山区双溪乡初中学生心理健康状况与全国初中学生心理健康常模比较 ,并未出现显著性差异 ;影响初中男生心理健康因素从大到小的顺序为 :抑郁 >躯体化 >焦虑 >强迫 >精神病性 >恐怖 >人际关系 >偏执 >其它 >敌对 ;影响女生心理健康因素从大到小的顺序为 :抑郁 >躯体化 >焦虑 >人际关系>强迫 >精神病性 >恐怖 >敌对 >其它 >偏执。结论　秦巴山区初中学生心理健康状况良好。影响秦巴山区初中学生心理健康的最主要因素为 :抑郁、躯体化和焦虑。     

Isolation and characterization of entomopox virions from virus-containing inclusions of Amsacta moorei (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Preparations of Amsacta moorei entomopox virions were obtained from virus-containing inclusions (VCI) by using a carbonate-thioglycolate solution (pH 10.7–11.5). The virions possessed a uniform coat (“halo”) surrounding the viral envelope and exhibited an RNA polymerase activity. The “halo” could be removed by prolonged exposure to the carbonate-thioglycolate solution. Virions obtained by this treatment, however, possessed low infectivity and no detectable RNA polymerase activity. Removal of the “halo” by trypsin resulted in virions which possessed RNA polymerase activity and relatively high infectivity.Preparations of particles with and without the “halo” were similar in percent DNA, protein per OD₂₆₀, number of particles per OD₂₆₀, and RNA polymerase activity. Particles without the “halo,” however, were less dense (1.262 g/cm³) in CsCl than those with the “halo” (1.282 g/cm³) and 15–45 times more infective.Parallel studies of “nonhaloed” Amsacta virions (trypsin-treated) and vaccinia virions showed that both viruses contained similar amounts of protein per OD₂₆₀, but Amsacta virions contained only 36% of the DNA found in vaccinia.     

Chromosome abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealed by TPA as a mitogen

Bone marrow and peripheral blood cultures of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients were mitogenically stimulated with TPA (12-0-tetradecanylphorbol-13-acetate). Clonal cytogenetic abnormalities were detected in frequencies varying from 15% to 100%, in five of the six patients studied. Parallel studies with pokeweek mitogen showed a much lower level of stimulation and only two abnormal clones were detected. The chromosome abnormalities described in this study are similar to those reported in CLL by other authors, particularly with respect to trisomy 12 and deletion 11q. A significant frequency of hypodiploidy and chromosome deletion was also detected in this study, and further studies are underway to determine the significance of these findings.     

Prevalence and severity of asthma and allergies in schoolchildren in Lhasa, Tibet

BACKGROUND: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) demonstrated that large variations existed in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema throughout the world and that environmental factors and lifestyle customs are major determinants of the prevalence and severity of these diseases. However, the relevant data about children living at high-altitude locations were considered to be underreported. OBJECTIVE: The ISAAC Phase III programme was carried out in Lhasa, the Tibetan Autonomous Region in China, at an elevation of 3658 m above sea level to examine the occurrence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in schoolchildren aged 13-14 years. METHODS: All 3196 schoolchildren in eight public junior high schools in urban Lhasa who were confirmed to be 13-14 years old were invited and participated in both written and video questionnaire investigations, among which 3190 pieces of data (49.8% of boys and 50.2% of girls) were validated and analysed. RESULTS: Among the overall observations, the prevalence of 'having ever experienced wheezing', 'current wheezing' and 'diagnosed to have asthma' was 1.4%, 0.8% and 1.1%, respectively. The prevalence of current exercise-induced asthma and current nocturnal cough was 7.1% and 4.6%, respectively. The current prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema was 5.2% and 0.4%, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms during the past 12 months showed no discernable differences throughout the year. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema over the past 12 months was the lowest among the centres, that performed ISAAC worldwide.     

Chronic pelvic pain: Psychological features and laparoscopic findings

One hundred three consecutive patients referred for treatment of chronic pelvic pain underwent MMPI testing, and 60 had diagnostic laparoscopy. A physical cause for the pain was found in 45 (75%) of the 60. However, three fourths (34) of patients with an organic cause for the pain also had evidence of psychopathology on the MMPI. Reassurance and education as to the role of stress in causing or exacerbating pain complaints appeared helpful. Most patients improve without major surgery.     

Haemodynamic model of a unilateral iliac stenosis with an aortoiliac bypass

A hydrodynamic model for the part of the human arterial network below the renal arteries has been constructed using specially fabricated distensible tubes and a pulsatile pump to simulate an aortoiliac bypass. The experiments and the computer model indicated that no ‘steal’ occurred due to the insertion of the bypass graft. Also, the results showed that the length of the stenosis had a non-systematic apparent effect on the physiological significance of the obstruction and that the kinetic power represented only a small percentage of the total power. The total power efficiency of the bypass graft was unaffected by its elastic properties. The experimental investigation also indicated that the pressure drop across the stenosis was considerably larger than the drop calculated using the Poiseuille flow relationship when the stenosis was severe. Therefore, a critical arterial stenosis value cannot be defined as an obstruction of a constant percentage reduction of luminal area. It varies directly with the effective cross-sectional area and inversely with the flow rate. The value of angiography in assessing the functional significance of any arterial stenosis is there-fore limited. A better method for evaluation requires quantitative measurements of local blood pressure and blood flow, not only at rest, but also under conditions creating augmented flows due to exercise.