双切口接骨板内固定治疗距骨颈粉碎性骨折的临床效果

背景：距骨颈骨折是距骨骨折中最常见的类型,采用切开复位螺钉内固定是经典的手术方式,但总体疗效仍不尽人意,尤其是采用单切口时,内翻畸形愈合率较高,且对于粉碎性骨折,螺钉固定效果也不佳。双切口是目前临床推崇的手术入路,结合接骨板固定,可获得良好的疗效。目的：探讨双切口接骨板内固定治疗距骨颈粉碎性骨折的手术技巧及疗效。方法：2010年5月至2011年5月,我院共收治13例闭合距骨颈粉碎性骨折患者。根据Hawkins分型：II型8例,III型5例。所有患者入院后行常规X线检查及CT扫描以明确骨折类型和粉碎程度,待肿胀消退后择期行双切口接骨板内固定术。术后定期复查X线片,并采用直观模拟量表（VAS）、美国骨科足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝与后足评分系统及简明健康状况调查表（SF-36）综合评估最终治疗效果,同时记录相关并发症情况。结果：本组11例获得随访,随访时间12-24个月,平均18．7个月。患者术后均无切口感染,边缘和皮瓣坏死及内固定失败等并发症发生。X线结果显示,术后骨折端愈合的时间为8～12周,平均10．4周。末次随访时VAS评分0～5分,平均1．09±1．64分。AOFAS踝与后足评分为72-95分,平均84．55±7．29分。SF．36评分为70-96分,平均85．00±7．84分。未见畸形愈合发生。结论：采用双切口接骨板内固定治疗距骨颈骨折技术要求简单,在获得稳定固定的同时,还可维持距骨颈力线,避免畸形愈合,是治疗距骨颈粉碎性骨折有效的治疗方法。     

基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝手术治疗的方法及预后

目的:探讨基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝手术治疗的方法及预后。方法:回顾性分析2002年1月至2007年6月收治的11例基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝患者的手术方法及其预后。结果:11例基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝患者接受开颅去骨瓣减压加脓肿穿刺抽出术,其中10例治愈,且肢体功能都恢复正常;1例基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝同时破入脑室患者,行开颅去骨瓣减压加脓肿穿刺抽出术的同时行脑室外引流术,术后10d死亡。结论:去骨瓣减压加脓肿穿刺抽出术是治疗基底节区脑脓肿并发脑疝有效的方法,且避免了基底节区重要结构(如内囊)的损伤。一旦脓肿破入脑室,则预后较差。     

帕金森病与多系统萎缩患者交感神经皮肤反应电位的比较研究

目的探讨帕金森病和多系统萎缩患者交感神经皮肤反应电位所显示的自主神经功能障碍的差异性,以为二者鉴别诊断提供临床依据。方法采用MEB-9200K型肌电诱发电位仪分别对受试者进行交感神经皮肤反应电位检测,以波形潜伏期〉x＋2．50）s、波幅低于均值的50％或未引出波形作为异常标准,分析帕金森病与多系统萎缩患者交感神经皮肤反应电位异常特征和病程等之间的相关性。结果与正常对照组受试者相比,帕金森病组和多系统萎缩组患者交感神经皮肤反应电位检测显示四肢潜伏期延长、波幅降低（P〈0．05）,但帕金森病组与多系统萎缩组之间差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）;其中多系统萎缩组交感神经皮肤反应电位总异常率（P=0．018）和双侧异常率（P=0．035）均高于帕金森病组。帕金森病组病程≤3年者交感神经皮肤反应电位异常率与病程〉3年者比较,差异具有统计学意义（P=0．033）;多系统萎缩组病程≤3年患者交感神经皮肤反应电位异常率与病程〉3年者比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0．285）。结论多系统萎缩患者交感神经皮肤反应电位异常出现早,且多呈双侧改变,表明其自主神经功能障碍更严重、更广泛。     

Wilson病患者心理理论障碍的研究

目的探讨Wilson病(WD)患者的心理理论(ToM)障碍。方法对32例WD患者(WD组)以及29名健康人(NC组)进行认知功能及失言识别和眼区基本情绪辨别(喜、惊、恐、悲、厌、怒)评分,并对结果进行比较。结果与NC组比较,WD组的简易精神状态检查量表、智商、言语流畅性测试和数字广度评分差异无统计学意义。与NC组比较,WD组失言识别及心理状态判断评分显著降低(均P<0.01);眼部情绪辨别中的怒、恐和厌的评分显著降低(P<0.05～0.01),而喜、悲和惊的评分差异无统计学意义。结论 WD患者存在明显的ToM障碍,可能与其基底节损害有关。     

Co-Occurrence of EBV-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer (EBV-MCU) and CLL/SLL in the Head and Neck Region

EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBV-MCU) was classified as a rare new entity of the lymphoproliferative B-cell diseases by the WHO in 2017 and must be distinguished from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by early biopsy. The aim of the study is to raise awareness of the disease and to give a review of the current literature and a recommendation for EBV-MCU management. All EBV-MCU cases of the head and neck region published so far were included. We also report a case of a pharyngeal EBV-MCU in an 89-year-old patient who was immunosuppressed by chronic lymphatic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). In contrast to all previously described cases, histopathology showed a co-infiltration of EBV-MCU and CLL/SLL. A total of 181 cases were identified on PubMed and summarised. EBV-MCU was predominantly caused by immunosuppressive drug therapy. Complete remission could be achieved in 68% of cases and was mainly attributed to a reduction of the immunosuppressive therapy alone (72%). However, some severe cases require more aggressive treatment. Regarding the various histopathologic similarities to other lymphoproliferative disorders, the diagnosis of EBV-MCU can be misleading, with a great impact on patient care and treatment. This diagnosis must be made with caution and requires a combination of clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic features.     

超声引导下粗针穿刺活检组织病理学检查诊断颈部淋巴结病变的应用价值

目的 探讨超声引导下粗针穿刺活检(CNB)组织病理学检查在鉴别诊断颈部淋巴结病变中的应用价值.方法 回顾性选取2017年7月至2019年6月在江苏省人民医院超声医学科进行超声引导下CNB组织病理学检查的颈部淋巴结病变患者155例,共155个颈部淋巴结.分析其CNB常规病理结果及免疫组化表型.以临床诊断为参考标准,评价超...     

鞘注神经生长因子促进大鼠胫骨骨折愈合的实验研究

目的 研究鞘注神经生长因子(NGF)对大鼠胫骨骨折愈合的影响,以及相应脊髓背根神经节(DRG)与胫骨骨痂中的降钙素基因相关肽、P物质的表达变化. 方法 成年雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为两组.实验组予NGF 1μg/d连续鞘注14 d,对照组予等量生理盐水.术后7、14、21、28 d分批处死动物,行骨痂X线评分、骨痂/骨干比值测量.免疫组织化学法测定相应节段DRG与胫骨骨痂中的CGRP、SP表达.结果 术后21 d,NGF组X线评分低于对照组,21 d、28 d骨痂/骨干比值低于对照组.HE染色显示各时期NGF组软骨内成骨过程增强,骨痂成熟度高于对照组,骨痂改建过程提前且更为完全.CGRP、SP在DRG及胫骨骨痂中表达的平均光密度(OD)值高于同期对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).相关性分析显示DRG神经肽表达OD值与骨痂OD值明显正相关. 结论 鞘注神经生长因子可促进DRG与骨折骨痂中的神经肽表达,促进成骨细胞增殖与软骨内骨化,减小骨痂体积并加速骨折的愈合及塑形改建过程.推测神经生长因子与DRG神经肽参与了中枢神经调控外周成骨活动的过程.     

Simplification of laparoscopic extraperitoneal colposuspension: Results of two-port technique

Purpose: The aims of the present prospective study were to apply a new simplification for Laparoscopic Burch Colposuspension and to assess the postoperative results of this treatment modality for stress urinary incontinence.Materials and methods: Twenty-four patients underwent simplified laparoscopic procedure via two ports, utilising endoscopic tacker and two stripes of prolene mesh. Patients were evaluated for operative time,duration of urethral catheter, length of hospital stay, complications and continence status.Results: The technique was successful in 21 patients after 24 months follow-up. Average operative time was 39 minutes. The lengths of urethral catheterisation and hospital stay were 22 and 45 hours, respectively. One operative complication and three postoperative recurrences were recorded.Conclusion: Laparoscopic bladder neck suspension continues to develop as the instruments and techniques are improved. In carefully evaluated patients, it provides safe and minimally invasive procedure. We report the results of a new technique to simplify and speed up a laparoscopic extraperitoneal colposuspension. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.