A tactile maze test in unilateral spatial neglect: the influence of vision and recording technique

Summary Right brain-damaged patients with left spatial neglect were examined on a tactile maze task. They started to explore the right side of the maze and their search times were longer on the left side. Their performance was the same whether blindfolded or not, which contrasts with the results of other studies and probably reflects differences in task demand. The present results do not support a previous observation that visual neglect can be compensated through the tactile modality. Our patients had markedly longer search times than normal controls in the right as well as the left hemifield, and search times in both hemifields were positively correlated. The outcome of the maze test in this context may therefore depend to a large extent on impaired topo graphical processing.     

川芎嗪对银屑病皮损端粒酶的影响

目的：研究川芎嗪(TMP)对银屑病皮损端粒酶的影响；方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测川芎嗪对银屑病患者皮损端粒酶的表达；结果：与病例组比较，川芎嗪(40mg／kg)可使银屑病患者皮损处端粒酶表达降低；结论：川芎嗪能明显抑制银屑病皮损端粒酶的表达。     

超氧化物歧化酶对窒息幼兔脑组织的保护作用

将３２只新西兰种幼兔随机分为对照组、室息组、窒息＋ＳＯＤ组。各组均于实验开始后２４小时心脏取血查ＬＰＯ、ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ、并取脑组织测脑水分含量。窒息组与对照组比较，血清ＬＰＯ、脑水分含量明显增高、（Ｐ均＜０．０１），血中ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活性明显降低（Ｐ均＜０．０１），窒息组ＬＰＯ与脑水分含量呈正相关关系。室息＋ＳＯＤ组与室息组比较，血清ＬＰＯ、脑水分含量明显减少（Ｐ均＜０．０１），ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＯＦＲ参与了窒息所致脑损伤的病理过程，外源性ＳＯＤ可对室息幼兔脑组织起保护作用。     

日光对皮肤弹性的影响

目的观察日光和年龄对皮肤弹性的影响。方法问卷调查受试者（郊县组94例，市区组105例）的日光曝晒情况，并应用皮肤弹性测量仪测量外眦部、鼻唇沟及眶下皮肤弹性参数，包括：弹性，黏弹性，可扩展性和张力参数。比较不同年龄组间、市区与郊县组间各弹性参数间的差异。结果市区和郊县各弹性参数均与年龄有较好的相关性，随年龄增长，皮肤各弹性参数均下降。郊县组与市区组比较，弹性和黏弹性参数差异较小，而可扩展性和张力参数差异较大。结论弹性和黏弹性参数可能与内在老化有关，而可扩展性和张力参数可能与光老化有关。     

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in fetal skin of scarless and scar-forming periods of gestational rats

Objective: To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification (SPA) and high-density oligonucleotide DNA array to understand the molecular mechanism of scarless healing. Methods: Total RNAs were isolated from fetal rat skin of the scarless (E15) and scar-forming (E18) periods of gestation (term =21.5 days). The RNAs from earlier gestational skin (EGS) and later gestational skin (LGS) were both reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then labeled with the incorporation of fluorescent dCTP for preparing the hybridization probes by SPA method. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide DNA arrays which contained 5 705 probes representing 5 705 rat genes. After highly stringent washing, these DNA arrays were scanned for fluorescent signals to display the differentially expressed genes between the 2 groups of skin. Results: Among 5 705 rat genes, there were 53 genes (0.93%) with differentially expressed levels between EGS and LGS groups, 27 genes, including fibroblast growth factor 2 ( FGF2 ) and follistatin were up-regulated (0.47%) and 26 genes were down-regulated (0.46%) in fetal skin during scarless period versus scar-forming period. Higher expressions of FGF2 and follistatin in EGS than those in LGS were also revealed by RT-PCR method. Conclusions: High-density oligonucleotide DNA array provided a powerful tool for investigating differential gene expression in earlier and later gestational fetal skins. This technology validates that the mechanism of fetal scarless healing is very complicate and the change of many gene expressions is associated with fetal scarless healing.     

损伤控制外科技术在严重创伤急救中的应用

目的探讨损伤控制外科技术（DCS）在严重创伤急救中的应用效果。方法对2003年7月～2005年6月应用DCS救治的82例严重多发伤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果对82例严重多发伤均立即给予液体复苏、急诊手术控制出血和污染，待生命体征稳定后，再行确定性手术治疗。70例经应用DCS后，休克逐渐得到纠正，再次行确定性于术，经过顺利，情况良好。复苏期患者pH、体温、PT值与一般腹腔损伤病人相比，无显著性差异。本组70例痊愈出院，12例死于脑疝或多器官衰竭。结论对严重创伤病人，在复苏同时应尽快采用简单省时的手术控制出血和污染。病情稳定后再做相应的手术和治疗，可提高严重创伤的抢救成功率。     

氧化损伤与铅毒性研究进展

铅是一种对全身组织有广泛亲和力的毒物,作用的基点是体内一些生物大分子(蛋白质、脂类、核酸),进而使大分子受损,影响到细胞功能.     

小鼠持续性脑缺血后NMDA受体亚单位表达的变化

目的：研究小鼠持续性脑缺血后不同脑区NMDA受体亚单位表达的变化及其与病理损伤之间的联系。方法：采用大脑中动脉阻断法制作小鼠持续性脑缺血模型，取缺血后不同时间的皮层、海马、皮层下脑组织，用免疫印迹技术测定NMDA受体亚单位ζ1和ε1及ε2蛋白的含量。同时作冰冻切片和苏木素伊红染色，计算相应脑区神经元密度。结果：NMDA受体ζ1和ε1及ε2亚单位表达的改变发生于缺血后5h内，皮层下3个亚单位表达均明显增加，海马则各亚单位表达变化不一。脑梗塞灶和相关脑区神经元密度显著减小均出现于缺血后5h，相关脑区神经元死亡严重程度依次为皮层下组织和海马CA1区及大脑颞叶皮层Ⅲ－Ⅳ层。结论：小鼠持续性脑缺血，缺血侧脑组织NMDA受体亚单位ζ1和ε1及ε2表达的变化发生在明显的病理损害之前，表达变化程度因脑区不同，与相关脑区神经元损害的程度相应。     

Intrathecal vincristine: a fatal chemotherapeutic error with devastating central nervous system effects

Summary The devastating neuropathological changes wrought by the intrathecal administration of vincristine are reported, with a detailed account of the widespread lesions in the brain and spinal cord, found in post-mortem light- and electron-microscope studies.     

Yucatan Pig: An Optimal Hairless Model for a True Random Cutaneous Flap

Porcine models have been used extensively for skin flap research because of the established similarity between the cutaneous blood supply of the swine and humans. The Yucatan minipig provides an excellent model for researching the properties of random cutaneous flaps, offering several advantages over other breeds of swine. In this study, a total of 67 random cutaneous dorsal flank flaps measuring 4 × 14 cm were raised on nine Yucatan minipigs. The mean survival length (10.03 ± 1.60 cm) of the nondelayed flaps was greater than others reported in the literature. The well-defined plane between the subcutaneous tissue and the panniculus carnosus facilitated flap elevation consistently above the level of the panniculus carnosus thereby ensuring the creation of a true random cutaneous flap. Furthermore, the hairless nature of the skin, particularly beneficial in studying chemical peels, permits easy visualization and monitoring of any external skin changes. These advantages make the Yucatan minipig a more desirable alternative to other breeds of swine for use in skin flap research.