曲妥珠单抗联合IP方案或SOX方案化疗在人类表皮生长因子受体-2阳性晚期胃癌中的有效性和安全性比较

目的 探讨人类表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)阳性晚期胃癌中曲妥珠单抗联合IP方案或SOX方案化疗的有效性和安全性。方法 连续性纳入自2015年6月至2017年6月内蒙古医科大学附属医院收治的58例HER-2阳性晚期胃癌,利用随机数字表法分为SOX组和IP组,每组29例。SOX组给予曲妥珠单抗联合替吉奥+奥沙利铂治疗;IP组给予曲妥珠单抗联合伊立替康+顺铂治疗,比较两个疗程后两组病人血清肿瘤标志物和新生血管标志物的变化,以及化疗效果和不良反应差异。结果 两个治疗疗程后,两组病人血清肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原(CEA),糖类蛋白19-9(CA19-9),糖类抗原125(CA125)以及组织多肽特异性抗原(TPS)水平均差异无统计学意义(t=0.628,P=0.532;t=0.879,P=0.383;t=0.828,P=0.411;t=0.719,P=0.476);新生血管标志物内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)、内皮抑素(ES)、色素上皮衍生因子(PEDF)水平亦差异无统计学意义(t=0.701,P=0.486;t=0.955,P=0.343;t=1.803,P=0.077;t=0.991,P=0.326;);SOX组客观有效率(ORR)及病控制率(DCR)分别为44.83%和82.76%;IP组ORR及DCR分别为34.48%和69.97%,均差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.648,P=0.421;χ²=1.506,P=0.219)。但IP组骨髓抑制(58.62%)和恶心呕吐(3.45%)发生率明显高于SOX组(31.03%,6.90%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.461,P=0.035;χ²=5.836,P=0.016)。结论 曲妥珠单抗联合SOX化疗方案或IP方案在HER-2阳性晚期胃癌病人中疗效相当,但SOX方案不良反应发生率较少,值得临床推广。     

独活寄生汤含药血清通过调控SOX6对体外软骨细胞表型的影响

目的 研究大鼠独活寄生汤含药血清对体外软骨细胞表型稳定性,SOX6及培养基中细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达的影响。方法 取大鼠股骨头软骨帽,提取软骨细胞,并在体外单层传代培养。培养体系为含高、中、低浓度的独活寄生汤含药血清及生理盐水血清,通过免疫组织化学分析软骨细胞表型Ⅱ型胶原的变化及SOX6表达分布,通过Westernblot及ELISA检测SOX6、Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达的变化。结果 不同浓度的独活寄生汤含药血清均可对体外培养的软骨细胞产生增殖促进作用,并能增加Ⅱ型胶原稳定其软骨表型;其中以中浓度最为显著（P<0.01）;与生理盐水血清组相比,独活寄生汤含药血清可以增加SOX6在细胞核的分布,而且能抑制培养基中细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的表达水平。结论 独活寄生汤含药血清可以上调体外软骨细胞SOX6及抑制炎症因子的表达以稳定软骨细胞的表型。     

Developmental markers of ganglion cells in the enteric nervous system and their application for evaluation of Hirschsprung disease

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disease resulting from failure of neural crest‐derived ganglion cells to colonize the colon. Conventional diagnostic methods are insufficient for evaluating the ‘functional’ prognosis of HSCR. In order to elucidate the maturation of ganglion cells, 17 immunohistochemical markers were examined. We examined the digestive tracts of 2 human early delivery patients, 2 miniature swine fetuses, 4 little infants, 3 infants, 3 children, 6 adults, and 3 aged individuals. With increasing age, the labeling index (LI) for both calretinin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) increased, whereas that for SOX10 decreased. We then examined the ‘transitional zone’ of HSCR in 21 affected patients and 18 controls for these three markers. The LI of calretinin and TH were significantly lower than in the controls (median: 3.7 in HSCR and 8.2 in controls, P < 0.001, median: 27.9 in HSCR and 44.4 in controls, P < 0.001, respectively). In contrast, the LI for SOX10 showed no significant difference (median: 33.7 in HSCR and 29.2 in controls, P = 0.666) however, hierarchical cluster analysis was able to divide HSCR patients into two groups. These results suggest that immature ganglion cells are present in the transitional zone of HSCR, and that HSCR may have two different pathophysiological processes.