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31.
目的探讨小脑出血的原因、临床特点、CT表现、治疗及预后情况。方法回顾分析32例患者的临床及CT影像资料。结果本病多见于60岁以上,以高血压动脉硬化为主要原因,以突发性眩晕、呕吐为发病的主要症状,头颅CT检查可确诊。预后与患者年龄、出血量、出血部位、意识状态等多种因素密切相关。结论CT扫描可及时准确诊断,避免误诊漏诊,临床上根据患者的综合情况采取不同的救治策略有助于提高疗效,改善预后。  相似文献   
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In 2002/2005, separate energy requirement equations were generated by the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Dietary Reference Intake process for normal weight and overweight/obese children and adolescents. The current paper questions the theoretical rationale of having two sets of equations (based solely on body-weight classification): when body weight is considered, overweight and obese children and adolescents do not seem to differ from their normal weight counterparts in energy expended for basal metabolism or physical activity tasks. However, energy needs for weight maintenance among overweight/obese girls were consistently higher when predicted using the equations for overweight/obese individuals compared with those developed for normal weight individuals. In contrast, among overweight/obese boys, they were consistently lower . Although the differences are within the variability of the estimates, even theoretical support for a higher energy intake (as occurs in girls) seems unwise because of the potential contribution to a higher body mass in children who are already at risk. It is the opinion of the authors that the IOM revisit the use of two separate equations and generate one set that is appropriate for all children and adolescents.  相似文献   
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With the advent of computerized databases, medical data has become easy to accumulate; however, effective use of this data continues to pose significant problems. In other circumstances, smoothing algorithms have been used to uncover non-obvious correlations, trends and relationships in noisy data. We have applied four such algorithms to a large dataset of postoperative blood replacement in cardiopulmonary bypass patients. When applied to this dataset, one of the algorithms proved surprisingly effective. It confirmed several previously observed correlations, and also provided an additional series of counterintuitive and apparently unrelated associations. These associations have been explored in an accompanying paper.  相似文献   
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目的:探讨使用便携式微量输液泵在肿瘤化疗中持续输注氟尿嘧啶的应用效果。方法:选取我科2006年3月-2008年7月96例癌症化疗病人按入院先后顺序分为对照组和实验组,每组48例。对照组采用传统的化疗方式,采用浅静脉留置针直接从外周静脉输注氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)连续5天,每天维持6-8小时。实验组采用浅静脉留置针连接便携式微量输液泵持续泵入氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)120h~135h,两组均以21天为1个周期,观察两组病人化疗毒副反应发生情况。结果:实验组化疗毒副反应发生率明显低于对照组,平均住院时间明显缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论:使用便携式微量输液泵持续泵入氟尿嘧啶能减轻病人的毒副反应,缩短住院时间,提高肿瘤病人生活质量,有效减轻护士的工作负担。  相似文献   
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Objectives –  To assess long‐term functioning and disability after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Material and methods –  Individuals (n = 88) in Norrbotten, northern Sweden, who had been transferred for neurosurgical care were assessed with internationally established TBI outcome measures 6–15 years post‐injury. Results –  There was an improvement in overall outcome from discharge from inpatient rehabilitation to follow‐up. Many individuals had a high degree of motor and cognitive functioning, which enabled them to live independently in their own home without assistance, but there remained a disability related to community reintegration and social participation. This affected their productivity and to some degree their marital stability. The remaining disability and reduced productivity were related to the age at injury and the injury severity. Conclusions –  Our data showed that individuals with a TBI can achieve and maintain a high degree of functioning many years after the injury. Increasing age and a greater injury severity contributed to their long‐term disability.  相似文献   
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