不同剂量全氟化碳汽化吸入预处理治疗急性肺损伤兔的实验研究

目的 探讨不同剂量全氟化碳(perfluorocarbon,PFC)汽化吸入预处理对油酸型急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)实验兔早期炎性因子的影响,并得到其中最低有效预处理剂量. 方法 将24只实验兔采用随机数字表法,分为4组(每组6只),对照组(C组)、PFC 1 ml·kg-1·h-1预处理组(PFC-1组)、PFC 2ml·kg-1·h-1预处理组(PFC-2组)、PFC 3 ml· kg-1·h-1预处理组(PFC-3组).动物麻醉后气管插管行机械通气,C组机械通气60 min后建立油酸型ALI模型,3组预处理组分别汽化吸入1 ml·kg-1·h-1、2ml·kg-1·h4和3ml·kg1·h-1速率的PFC 60 min,再建立油酸型ALI模型,4组在ALI后继续行机械通气120 min.4组分别于麻醉通气30 min(T1,基础值)、PFC预处理60 min时(T2,C组为机械通气60 min)、ALI造模成功时(T3)、ALI后120 min(T4)等时点检测氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2).实验结束后留静脉血离心取血清,对左肺进行肺灌洗留取肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF),通过ELISA法检测血清及BALF中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白介素-1β (interleckin-1β,IL-1β)的含量. 结果 与C组(477±5、472±5、103±5、69±4)比较,3组PFC预处理组[PFC-1(474±11、478±4、122±12、83±5)、PFC-2组(472±10、478±4、140±11、88±3)、PFC-3组(479±9、480±6、146±15、86±2)]在各时点PaO2/FiO2均明显升高(P＜0.05),其中PFC-2组、PFC-3组PaO2/FiO2均高于同时点的PFC-1组(P＜0.05).与C组(229±5) ng/L比较,PFC-1组(220±5) ng/L、PFC-2组(209±3) ng/L和PFC-3组(212±3) ng/L组血清中TNF-α的含量明显降低(P＜0.05),其中PFC-2组、PFC-3组较PFC-1组显著降低(P＜0.05);PFC-2组(323±9) ng/L、PFC-3组(344±12) ng/L BALF中TNF-α的含量均较C组(365±14) ng/L和PFC-1组(367±13) ng/L明显降低(P＜0.05),其中PFC-2组比PFC-3组明显降低(P＜0.05).血清[C组(102±3) ng/L、PFC-1组(100±3)ng/L、PFC-2组(77±1) ng/L、PFC-3组(84±2) ng/L]和BALF[C组(116±2) ng/L、PFC-1组(116±3) ng/L、PFC-2组(93±2) ng/L、PFC-3组(96±4) ng/L]中IL-1β的含量,PFC-2、PFC-3组均较C组和PFC-1组明显降低(P＜0.05),其中血清中PFC-2组比PFC-3组明显降低(P＜0.05). 结论 经气道2 ml·kg-1·h-1和3 ml· kg-1·h-1的PFC吸入两种速率的预处理后,都能改善ALI兔的氧合功能,减少早期炎性因子TNF-α和IL-1β的释放,考虑2ml· kg-1·h-1为3组PFC吸入预处理中最低有效剂量.     

雄激素预处理对卵巢储备功能低下患者促排卵的疗效观察

目的探讨脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)对卵巢储备功能低下(DOR)患者的促排卵效果及安全性。方法选择2011年6月至2013年4月广西梧州市人民医院不孕门诊收治的DOR患者66例,依据施加因素不同分为两组:观察组(36例)在促排卵前应用DHEA预处理两个周期,对照组(30例)未应用DHEA预处理,两组患者均给予常规促排卵方案。比较两组患者的性激素水平变化及大卵泡排卵率、妊娠率。结果观察组月经第2日或第3日及HCG日血清卵泡刺激素、黄体生成激素、睾酮、雌二醇水平均较对照组显著改善(P<0.01);观察组优势卵泡排卵率显著高于对照组大卵泡排卵率(88.9%vs 40%)(P<0.01);观察组妊娠率显著高于对照组(61.1%vs 6.7%)(P<0.01);观察组卵巢刺激征发生率显著低于对照组(5.6%vs 26.7%)(P<0.01)。结论 DHEA预处理可以改善DOR患者卵巢储备功能,提高卵巢反应性,促进优势卵泡排卵,改善妊娠结局。     

Evaluation of serum cytokines to predict serofast in syphilis patients

BackgroundSyphilis serofast has been increasing in recent years and has resulted in a dramatic increase in medical expenses. However, there are not effective methods for serofast prediction in syphilis patients prior to treatment.Aims and ObjectivesThe present study investigated novel serum biomarkers for the prediction of serofast in syphilis patients prior to treatment.Materials and MethodsPre-treatment serum from patients with syphilis serofast and patients with syphilis serological cure were measured using antibody microarrays. The results generated from the antibody arrays were validated using ELISA. Healthy subjects were used as the controls.ResultsCompared to serologically cured patients, six cytokines (IL-17F, TNF RI, TNF RII, IL-16, OPN, and MCSFR) were significantly lower, while five factors (MCP-3, LIF, G-CSF, MIP-3a, and GH) were higher in serofast patients. ELISA validation was in-line with the results generated from antibody arrays. Of significance, these cytokines were firstly observed to the differentially expressed in pre-treatment serofast patient serum samples.ConclusionsThe differentially expressed cytokines may be novel serum biomarkers for serofast prediction. These identified proteins play significant roles in the immune response, suggesting immune dysfunction may be the cause for syphilis serofast.     

Evaluation of mechanical-green solvent pretreatment of oil palm wastes for reducing sugars production in North-Colombia

The aim of this work was to define optimum conditions to perform the mechanical and chemical pretreatment of empty fruit bunches (EFBs) and kernel shell (KS). Mechanical pretreatment was based on particle size reduction to 0.5, 1, and 2 mm. For chemical pretreatment, a solution of urea (2, 4, and 6 %w/v) was added to the residues under stirring for 18 h and 80 °C. Then, samples were hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid and the resulting reducing sugars were quantified using the 3,5- dinitrosalicyclic acid method. In addition, Van Soest and FTIR analyzes were performed to characterize the biomass suggesting acceptable cellulose contents (EFBs: 36.47%; KS: 20.06 %) and high lignin values (EFBs: 31.27%; KS: 66.49%). Results showed that the highest amount of TRS for EFBs was 105.3 g/L with urea concentration of 4% w/v and a particle size of 0.5 mm. For the KS, the highest amount of TRS was 98.62 g/L using a urea concentration of 6% w/v and a particle size of 0.5 mm. According to these results, it was concluded that pretreatments of oil palm biomass significantly enhance the performance of lignocellulosic material conversion into reducing sugars.     

右美托咪定滴鼻预处理对全麻诱导期依托咪酯不良反应的影响

目的：观察右美托咪定术前滴鼻预处理对预防全身麻醉诱导期依托咪酯注射痛及肌阵挛的影响。方法：60例择期全麻手术者随机分为右美托咪定组（D组）和对照组（N组）,各30例。D组术前30 min鼻内滴入右美托咪定（1.0μg·kg^-1）;N组术前30 min鼻内滴入同等剂量0.9%氯化钠溶液。麻醉诱导时每组均静注依托咪酯0.3 mg·kg^-1。记录两组预给药前（T0）、给依托咪酯前（T1）及给依托咪酯后1 min（T2）、2 min（T3）的血压（BP）、心率（HR）、血氧饱合度（SPO2）;采用词语等级评分法（VRS）评估依托咪酯注射痛;观察并记录静注依托咪酯后2 min内肌阵挛发生情况。结果：与T0比较,D组HR、MAP在T1、T2、T3明显降低（P均〈0.05）,N组T2、T3明显降低（P均〈0.05）;D组HR在T1、T2、T3较N组降低（P均〈0.05）。D组MAP、SPO2在T1、T2、T3时点较N组稍降低（P均﹥0.05）;D组肌阵挛各级发生率均较N组降低（P均〈0.05）;与N组比较,D组依托咪酯注射痛的发生率和严重程度均明显降低（P〈0.05）。结论：右美托咪定术前鼻内滴注,能有效减轻麻醉诱导期依托咪酯注射痛,还可减少依托咪酯诱导所致肌阵挛的发生,提供更稳定的血流动力环境。     

雷公藤多甙预处理亲缘皮修复烧伤创面的实验观察

目的　观察经雷公藤多甙预处理的亲缘皮移植烧伤创面后的效果。　方法　用新西兰大白兔 ,切取亲代厚中厚皮肤 ,分别用 2 0 0g/L雷公藤多甙、5 0 g/L地塞米松、9g/L等渗盐水浸泡 15～ 3 0min后 ,移植到子代小兔皮肤全层缺损处 ,同时设非亲缘皮对照组 ,观察创面移植物的存活时间及排斥情况。　结果　亲缘皮经雷公藤多甙预处理 ,移植到创面后排斥反应明显减轻 ,皮片存活时间明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,时间为 (4 3± 3 .5 )d。地塞米松组为 (3 0± 2 .5 )d。等渗盐水组和非亲缘皮组的皮片移植后排斥较快 ,平均为 (11± 1.6)d。　结论　亲缘皮的组织细胞有半同一性抗原 ,利用这一特点事先进行移植预处理 ,可以延长皮片排斥时间 ,并有望获得长期存活     

造血干细胞移植患者骨髓基质细胞集落形成能力的观察

目的　观察外周血干细胞移植预处理对患者骨髓基质细胞集落形成能力 (CFU - F)的影响。方法　采用Dexter型方法 ,检测 2 1例外周血干细胞移植患者经单化或化放结合两种预处理方案 ,观察前后不同时间骨髓基质细胞集落形成能力。结果　放化组骨髓基质细胞集落形成能力于预处理后各时相点均显著低于预处理前和单化组预处理后(P<0 .0 1) ;单化组于预处理后各时相点的 CFU- F显著低于预处理前 (P<0 .0 1) ,至预处理后第 90天仍未恢复。结论　外周血干细胞移植患者预处理后骨髓基质细胞均有不同程度的损伤 ,放化组基质细胞的损伤重于单化组 ,恢复较缓慢。     

多种体外预处理对胰岛移植物免疫原性影响的研究

胰岛移植物经２４℃培养、冷冻保存、激光照射在２４℃培养加冷冻保存等体外预处理后，其胰岛淋巴细胞混合培养（ＭＬＩＣ）的ｃｐｍ值、制备物内ＤＲ阳性细胞数及胰岛内淋巴样细胞数均比对照组明显降低，提示上述预处理可明显降低胰岛移植物的免疫原性，从而可能减少移植物排斥，延长移植物存活。     

Developing new drugs for ovarian cancer: A challenging task in a changing reality

Summary Recent therapeutic and technological advances have profoundly modified the parameters of new durg testing in ovarian cancer. The potential of compounds tested today in this disease therefore needs to be assessed according to this changing reality. Previous treatment with or without cisplatin is the criterion we have applied in our review of the single agent clinical data. Results obtained with older compounds have also been, when possible, reassessed in order to facilitate a comparative interpretation of recent trials. A brief overview of the most recently developed laboratory screening models has been conducted in order to stress their close relationship and their crucial role in future new drug development.