Selective Chain Alignment of Conducting Polymer Blend Films by an Ultrafast Laser

Tunable and selective areal polymer chain alignment method is developed for spin‐cast blend films of poly(3‐hexylthiophene)(P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butlyric methyl ester (PCBM) system by a femtosecond laser process. The chain alignment, phase separation, and molecular structure of the laser exposed P3HT:PCBM films are investigated by grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering and micro‐Raman analysis. The alkyl chains of P3HT polymer become highly ordered along the polarization axis of the laser. Thus, the amount of desirable face‐on configuration for solar cell application is largely enhanced with a subsequent postannealing process. Vertically expanded morphology up to 200 nm on P3HT:PCBM films is also prompted by the laser irradiation without deteriorating intramolecular structure and changing chemical composition. Simultaneously, vertical phase separation of PCBM toward surface is induced at exposed region.

     

妊娠晚期盆底肌锻炼对产后膀胱功能障碍及尿动力学的影响

目的：研究妊娠晚期盆底肌锻炼对产后膀胱功能障碍及尿动力学的影响。方法整群选择2013年9月—2014年8月在该院定期产检及分娩的125例孕妇,按孕妇就诊编号分为观察组(n=63)、对照组(n=62),观察组实施盆底肌锻炼,对照组未实施盆底肌锻炼,对比两组产妇的尿潴留发生情况、盆底肌张力的恢复情况及尿动力学的差异。结果观察组的尿潴留发生率(4.76%)与对照组(14.52%)相比,明显较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的盆底肌张力有效率(84.13%)与对照组(64.52%)相比,明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的最大尿流率、最大膀胱容量及盆底肌张力有效率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕妇在妊娠晚期进行盆底肌锻炼可减少产后膀胱功能障碍,提高盆底肌张力恢复,改善尿动力学情况。     

腹针、盆底肌训练联合治疗压力性尿失禁的疗效观察

目的 探讨腹针、盆底肌训联合治疗压力性尿失禁的临床疗效.方法 将本院收治的60例压力性尿失禁患者随机分为对照组30例和观察组30例,对照组在常规治疗基础上运用盆底肌训练治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合运用腹针治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效.结果 治疗结束后,观察组患者临床总有效率86.7％,高于对照组的63.3％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腹针、盆底肌训练联合治疗压力性尿失禁疗效显著,值得在临床上推广.     

Primera clase: guía docente

The aim of this paper is to state what the college teacher's performance should be today in and from the first class of the course (first honnour class) as a contrast to what it was a few years ago and that still persists to a great extent. It begins by insisting on the need to share the epistemological conceptions of different terms such as learning, teaching, etc. between teachers and students; continue with the recommendation that the teacher must be strategic, analyzing also the role of the student and its strategic load and the lightness with which the competences are handled. Next, the learning guide is analyzed and constructive alignment is recommended in its elaboration, then the parts or sectors of the same are described and the paper finalizes indicating the strategic in the teaching performance.     

Considerations for Measurement of Embryonic Organ Growth

Organogenesis is a complex coordinated process of cell proliferation, growth, migration, and apoptosis. Differential growth rates, particularly during cardiogenesis, play a role in establishing morphology. Studies using stereological and cell sorting methods derive averages of morphogenetic parameters for an organ. To understand tissue composition and differential growth, the researcher must determine a number of morphogenetic parameters in the developing organ. Such measurements require sectioning to enable identification of organ borders, tissue components and cell types, three-dimensional (3D)-reconstruction of sections to visualize morphology and a 3D-measurement scheme to build local morphogenetic information. Although thick the section confocal microscopy partially solves these issues, information loss at the section surface hampers the reconstruction of 3D morphology. Episcopic imaging provides the correct morphology but lacks histological procedures to identify multiple cell types. The 3D-measurement scheme is based on systematic sampling, with overlapping sample volumes, of the entire organ in the aligned image stack. For each sample volume, morphogenetic variables are calculated and results projected back to the cube (boxel) at the sample volume center. Boxel size determines spatial resolution of the final quantitative 3D-reconstruction whereas size of the sample volume determines the precision of the morphogenetic information. The methods described here can be used to measure tissue volume, proliferation and cell size, to determine contribution and distribution of cell types in a tissue and to display this information in a quantitative 3D-reconstruction. Anat Rec, 302:49-57, 2019. © 2018 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists     

腹盆生殖细胞瘤的MRI、CT表现

目的：研究腹盆生殖细胞瘤ＭＲＩ、ＣＴ表现。方法：本组８例经病理证实腹盆生殖细胞瘤,均为男性,年龄２１～４８岁,平均年龄３０．０岁。ＭＲＩ检查５例,ＣＴ检查３例。结果：肿瘤位于腹膜后４例,盆间隙４例。肿瘤直径８～２０ｃｍ,４例直径＜１０ｃｍ,４例直径＞１０ｃｍ。圆形、椭圆形３例,不规则状５例。位于腹膜后呈不规则状,内部见囊变及钙化,侵犯周围组织;位于盆内呈境界清之肿块,以推移周围器官改变为主。ＣＴ或ＭＲＩ不易鉴别原发或继发病变。结论：腹盆内生殖细胞瘤在腹膜后和盆间隙表现不同,原发或继发病变表现相似。     

经导管卵巢静脉曲张的栓塞治疗

目的 评价经导管卵巢静脉曲张栓塞治疗的临床疗效。方法 ５例年龄３０～４５负,临床表现慢性分腔腔疼痛病史２～８年,影像学检查、Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声提示卵巢静脉曲张,卵巢静脉造影明确卵巢静脉曲张诊断的病例,经股静脉或颈静脉途径行检查和栓塞治疗。栓塞材料为钢丝圈（４例）,无水酒精（１例）。术后随访３～１８个月,采用定期ｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声波检查。结果 本组病例栓塞治疗均获成功,技术成功率１００％,无并发症。左     

核心肌群稳定性训练联合生物反馈在早期宫颈癌根治术后患者盆底康复中的应用

目的:探讨核心肌群稳定性训练联合生物反馈在早期宫颈癌根治术后患者盆底康复中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2018年8月—2021年7月选取在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院接受妇科手术治疗的宫颈癌患者130例为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将患者分为试验组和对照组,各65例。对照组采用常规康复护理措施,试验组采取核心肌群稳...