痉挛型脑瘫足部畸形手术治疗与康复

目的探讨手术结合康复医疗治疗痉挛型脑瘫足部畸形的方法和疗效。方法根据足部畸形类型选择手术方式,术后适时进行功能锻炼。随访１．５～５年。结果总计治疗５３例中,５１例获得满意疗效,２例较差,优良率９６％。结论绝大多数痉挛型脑瘫足部畸形需选择恰当的手术矫形,而术后康复训练是提高整体疗效的关键     

Use of sclera and liquid collagen in the camouflage of superior sulcus deformities

The cosmetic deformities following enucleation are often unavoidable. Loss of orbital volume and atrophy of orbital fat create significant enophthalmos. The literature is filled with numerous procedures that add to the orbital volume of the anophthalmic socket. An outline of three procedures to the upper eyelid to camouflage an enophthalmic appearance are presented. These can be used alone or in conjunction with an "orbital volume increasing" procedure. Two procedures can be used in an office setting to alleviate small deformities; 19 patients have been treated in this manner with a follow-up period of up to 26 months.     

Hand-arm vibration syndrome and its prevalence in the present status of private forestry enterprises in Japan

Summary Currently there are no limitations on age of employment on private forestries in Japan. Hence, it was hypothesized that in these kind of enterprises, elderly chain saw operators, or those with long-term exposure, might be at higher risk of developing hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). We consequently investigated the prevalence of HAVS in 447 chain saw workers on private forestries in Gifu Prefecture, Japan, with particular reference to age and exposure period. Of this population, 43 (9.6%) had signs and symptoms of vibration-induced white finger (VWF), and among these workers the severity of finger blanching was significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with the exposure period. Classification of all subjects by exposure period showed that workers with 30 years' exposure had higher prevalences of VWF (20.9%) and numbness of the hands (25.4%) compared to other groups. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were found between the functional capacities of workers with VWF and those of control subjects. We concluded that (a) the elderly chain saw operators and those with longer exposure should be moved to other jobs with a lower or no risk of exposure to vibration, and (b) the results of screening tests, even without cold water immersion (which we did not employ, in order to protect workers' hands), could be helpful for the identification of workers with VWF.     

Extrahepatic bile duct angulation by T-tube: The elbow sign

The normal shape of the extrahepatic bile ducts approximates a straight line. The cholangiograms of 50 patients with indwelling T-tube catheters were retrospectively reviewed between 4 and 14 weeks postcholecystectomy. We observed a lateral distortion in the shape of the bile ducts in 35 patients (70%) such that an angle measured between the proximal and distal parts of the duct, centered at the site of T-tube insertion, decreased to between 60° and 158°. We have called this observation the elbow sign, which to our knowledge has not been previously described and appears to be of no clinical consequence.     

南沙参多糖对亚慢性受照小鼠的抗突变作用研究

目的：研究南沙参多糖对亚慢性受照小鼠抗突变作用。方法：用^60Cγ射线全身低剂量均匀间断照射小鼠106d，累计吸收剂量为3．25Gy，检测外周血白细胞数、血小板数、睾丸精原细胞染色体畸变率、精子畸形率和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率。结果：辐射损伤后，外周血白细胞数、血小板数降低；染色体畸变率、精子畸形率和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率均增加，南沙参多糖可促进上述指标的恢复。结论：南沙参多糖对亚慢性受照小鼠损伤具有明显的保护作用，其机制与抗氧化作用有关。     

截骨加楔形植骨术治疗创伤性踝成角并短缩畸形（附7例分析）

目的：对创伤性踝成角并短缩畸形行截骨加楔形植骨手术的治疗效果进行评价。方法：对7例因外伤致踝成角并短缩畸形患者行截骨加楔形植骨术矫形并延长肢体，术后进行平均39．7个月的随访，就疼痛，行走能力，活动度、日常生活能力等进行百分制评分。结果：术后患肢恢复或接近等长，疼痛，行走能力和日常生活能力均有改善，但踝关节活动度无改善。结论：本手术方法是治疗创伤性踝关节成角短缩畸形合并早期骨性关节炎十分有效的方法。     

硅橡胶鼻假体用于唇裂继发鼻畸形术的护理

目的:探讨行硅橡胶鼻假体,矫正单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形术的护理.方法:通过延长鼻小柱,纠正鼻小柱和鼻中隔的偏斜,广泛游离患侧鼻翼软骨,分三点悬吊固定患侧鼻翼软骨,同期植入硅橡胶L型鼻假体整复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形24例.结果:24例均一期愈合,随访3～12个月效果患者均满意.结论:采用硅橡胶L型鼻假体整复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形,配合正确护理效果更佳.     

湘西土家族、苗族、汉族指纹白线的研究

目的:探讨湘西地区土、苗和汉族青年的指纹白线。方法:对湘西地区15~20岁的土家族、苗族和汉族男女学生共1321人的指纹白线进行了调查分析。结果:各指指纹白线出现率,土家族青年为27.59%,苗族青年为28.91%,汉族青年为28.44%,3个民族之间差异无显著性(P>0.05);各指指纹白线出现率在同一民族内为女性>男性,差异有高度显著性(P<0.001)。每人指纹白线出现率,土家族青年为29.28%,苗族青年为26.04%,汉族青年为26.74%;3个民族之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:指纹白线可出现在手的任何一指,按指纹白线在各指分布阳性率高低的顺序排列,土家族青年为Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅴ,苗族青年为Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅰ,汉族青年为Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅴ,苗族和汉族青年以环指出现率最高,土家族青年以中指出现率最高。     

儿童血友病429例临床回顾分析

目的探讨血友病患儿确诊时间、症状及其关节畸形等情况。 方法天津血液学研究所血液病医院于1986年7月至2004年8月，对就诊的429例血友病患儿临床症状出现时间、诊断时间及关节畸形出现的时间进行分析。 结果429例血友病患儿，均为男性，血友病A共390例，占909%，其中亚临床型5例(13%),轻型43例(110%)，中型181例(464%)，重型161例(413%)；血友病B共39例，占91%，其中亚临床型2例(51%),轻型6例(154%)，中型26例(667%)，重型5例(128%)。患儿初次出现出血症状的中位年龄为16岁(0~12岁)；但初次诊断年龄03~120岁，中位年龄为52岁(03~120岁)，两者之间差异具有显著性意义(P<001)。 结论目前血友病患儿的诊断存在延迟，替代治疗疗程和因子剂量的不足是关节畸形高发生率的原因。     

苦豆子总碱对雄性小鼠生殖细胞辐射损伤的影响

目的:研究苦豆子总碱对60Coγ射线照射雄性小鼠生殖细胞的影响.方法:小鼠腹腔注射苦豆子总碱,采用60Coγ射线全身均匀照射,剂量为5.0Gy,检测受照小鼠染色体畸变率、精子畸形率、睾丸指数以及对其睾丸组织进行病理学观察.结果:辐射损伤后小鼠染色体畸变率、精子畸形率增加,睾丸指数下降并发生形态学改变.苦豆子总碱可促进上述受损指标的恢复.结论:苦豆子总碱对受照小鼠雄性生殖细胞具有一定的保护作用.