BILIARY HYPERPRESSURE IN RAT EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS ALTERS HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE BILIARY EXCRETION

1. The authors investigated the effect of two extrahepatic cholestasis models (one by bile duct ligation and the other by choledocho-jugular fistula) on the hepatic clearance of horseradish peroxidase in male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups. 2. In groups A (n = 5 rats) and B (n = 5), bile duct ligation was performed, while a choledocho-jugular fistula was created in groups C (n = 5) and D (n= 7). A 10 mg intravenous bolus of horseradish peroxidase was injected after 24 h (groups A and C), 48 h (groups B and D) or 1 h (Group E; five sham-operated rats). Serum and bile samples were then serially collected for 2 h. 3. In all groups, serum horseradish peroxidase levels increased soon after injection and then rapidly decreased, the curves being similar. Biliary excretion increased for 30 min and then slowly decreased. The highest horseradish peroxidase biliary concentrations and outputs were found in Group B followed by Group A; both groups had significantly higher levels than Group E. No difference was found between horseradish peroxidase biliary excretion of groups C and D and that of sham-operated rats. 4. When each group was considered separately, sampling times correlated with the corresponding ratios of bile/ plasma HRP. Significant differences were found between the relative slopes of groups A, B and E, but not between those of groups C, D and E. 5. In conclusion, bile duct obstruction greatly affects the plasma-bile transfer of fluid phase markers, such as horseradish peroxidase, while single retention, caused by choledocho-jugular fistula, has no influence. The increased biliary hyperpressure related to the duration of cholestasis may account for the degree of horseradish peroxidase transfer which, in turn, probably depends on an enhanced paracellular passage.     

Ileocutaneous fistula formation following laparoscopic polypropylene mesh hernia repair

A rare case of enterocutaneous fistula caused by chronic erosion of polypropylene mesh after laparoscopic repair of a recurrent inguinal hernia is described. Successful treatment was achieved by fistulectomy, total resection of the implanted mesh, and small-bowel segmental resection. The patient recovered well postoperatively, and at follow-up 18 months later, the herniorrhaphy has remained intact. This complication needs to be added to the differential diagnosis in patients who present inflammation, abscess formation, or cutaneous fistula following laparoscopic hernia repair. Received: 7 October 1996/Accepted: 14 October 1996     

A new operational approach for the piriform sinus fistula

It has been well documented that piriform sinus fistulae often cause suppurative thyroditis; however, when a piriform sinus fistula does not present this symptom, making a correct diagnosis is very difficult. We have experienced 11 cases of a piriform sinus fistula. The conventional operational approach was performed in the initial eight patients, among which there were four recurrences in two patients. Therefore, a new operational approach was introduced for the three most recent cases and one recurrent case. First, the existence of the internal orifice of the fistula is confirmed with a laryngoscope, after which a transverse incision on the neck is made and the abscess dissected. The side wall of the piriform sinus is then opened with the help of a laryngoscope and the bottom part of the mucosa of the sinus transected with the internal orifice of the fistula, after which the fistula is removed en bloc with the bottom part of the sinus and abscess cavity. Using this operation, we experienced no complications and there has been no recurrence so far.This paper was presented at the 23rd Annual Meeting of Pacific Association of Pediatric Surgeons, June 1990 in Kona, Hawaii.     

下腰痛患者后路手术并发症的防治

目的：分析下腰痛患者后路手术并发症出现的原因，探讨防治办法。方法：回顾分析我科自１９８８～１９９８年６月间采用后路手术治疗下腰痛，即腰椎间盘突出症和／或腰椎管狭窄症患者５７０例的临床资料。结果：３３例发生术后并发症，发生率５．７９％，早期（术后２周以内）并发症１８例，晚期并发症１５例，但无一例并发神经根损伤。结论：除了术中操作技能外，术前严格掌握手术适应证，术后及时观察、早期功能锻炼，都有利于并发症的防治。     

低抗凝肝素来源低分子肝素口服制剂的研究

以生产肝素的副产品——低抗凝肝素为原料,采用亚硝酸控制解聚法制得了低分子肝素,分子量为5300,抗凝活性为39.2u/mg,测定了理化指标。以对家兔实验性血栓形成的影响为药效学指标,确定低分子肝素口服制剂的处方组成为低分子肝素、油酸、牛胆盐。研究了所制备的低分子肝素胶囊对家兔血液流变学及血栓形成的影响,并试用于部分动脉粥样硬化症志愿者,表明该胶囊可有效地改善家免和动脉粥样硬化症志愿者血液流变性质,抑制血栓形成。     

AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA

An unusual case of rectovaginal fistula is reported. An 81 year old woman presented to the geriatric team with a request to review her faecal incontinence. It was discovered that she had a predilection for placing foreign objects in her vagina. In this instance a carbonated drink top had formed a rectovaginal fistula.     

Vesicocutaneous fistula: An unusual complication of inguinoscrotal hernia

Involvement of the urinary bladder in an inguinal hernia is common, but massive bladder hernia is rare. Most urinary bladder herniations are discovered and repaired during surgery. We report a case of large incarcerated inguino-scrotal hernia, which was reduced only to present as a scrotal abscess and vesicocutaneous fistula; an unusual complication. The patient was managed conservatively due to underlying comorbidities.     

Off-pump resection of a coronary arterial fistula using the Harmonic Scalpel

Off-pump surgery was performed in a patient with post-infarction angina complicated with aneurysmal coronary-pulmonary arterial fistula. Epicardial echocardiography localized the artery feeding the fistula in the myocardium, which had not been revealed by visual inspection, palpation, or transesophageal echocardiography. The patient underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting concomitant with aneurysmectomy. The feeding arteries were dissected easily using a Harmonic Scalpel and ligated. The flow in the aneurysm disappeared immediately and aneurysmectomy was performed without bleeding.     

带膜金属支架治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘的临床研究

目的探讨镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架在治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘中的应用价值。方法在X线电视透视下对22例食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘患者进行镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗。结果19例一次植入成功，成功率86％，恢复正常饮食；不完全封堵瘘口3例（14％）；16例术后出现轻度的胸骨后疼痛不适或胃液反流的症状；1例出现上消化道大出血。22例病人均治愈出院，治愈率100％。结论镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘成功率高，治愈率高，操作简单，安全，见效快，并发症少，有效解除患者痛苦，宜在临床上推广使用。     

Treatment of iatrogenic biliary obstruction by balloon dilatation of a biliary jejunal fistula

Biliary obstruction and multiple hepatic abscesses occurred in a patient after ligation of a segmental branch of the right hepatic duct. The patient was successfully managed by transhepatic biliary drainage and balloon dilatation of an internal fistula that developed between the ligated duct and a Roux limb of jejunum. Internal biliary fistulas may be dilated using interventioanl radiologic techniques to permit nonobstructed bile flow. Implications for the nonsurgical treatment' of biliary strictures are discussed.