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61.
62.
K. Mörike M. Koch Peter Fritz Wolfgang Urban Michel Eichelbaum 《Archives of toxicology》1996,70(5):300-305
In the pathogenesis of isoniazid-induced hepatic injury, cytochrome P450-dependent metabolic activation of the metabolite,
acetylhydrazine (AcHz), is the crucial step. Exhalation of [14C]-carbon dioxide has previously been used to quantify indirectly this pathway. In contrast, according to the current concept
of AcHz bioactivation, molecular nitrogen is produced directly, but has not yet been identified. Here, we measured [15N]-nitrogen and 14CO2 exhalation, after the administration of [15N2]-[14C]-AcHz, in rats. Laser magnetic resonance (LMR) spectroscopy, a new sensitive and specific technique for the measurement
of 15N and 14N in gas samples, was used. To demonstrate the involvement of cytochrome P450, rats were treated with phenobarbital (PB) or
PB + cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2) (n=3 in each group). Time-dependent 15N2 exhalation differed significantly between treatment groups (p<0.001). At 240 min, cumulative exhalation of 15N was 1.92±0.43% (mean±SE) of the dose in the control group, 2.53±0.23% in the PB group, and 1.00±0.15% in the PB+CoCl2 group (p<0.05 compared to controls, p<0.01 compared to PB). Cumulative exhalation of 14CO2 in 24 h ranged from 15.1 to 21.9%, with no significant difference between treatment groups. In conclusion, N2 is a metabolite of AcHz. N2 formation reflects the cytochrome P450-mediated activation of AcHz and can be used as an index of this pathway. Generally,
LMR spectroscopy is valuable for monitoring any N2-liberating process in vivo.
Received: 14 March 1995/Accepted: 15 August 1995 相似文献
63.
A. W. Shahrom P. Vanezis R. C. Chapman A. Gonzales C. Blenkinsop M. L. Rossi 《International journal of legal medicine》1996,108(4):194-200
A facial image was reconstructed from the skull, part of a complete skeleton found in woodland, of a male person who had hanged himself from a tree. In addition, video superimposition was carried out with antemortem photographs of a person suspected of being the victim, and a good match was obtained. In a further case, a cheaper video-transparency superimposition was carried out, with identity later being confirmed on the basis of dental records. The techniques and the problems encountered are discussed. According to our experience, 3D computer reconstruction and video superimposition have a useful role in the process of identification, particularly in the early stages of an investigation and when other more definitive methods may not be available. 相似文献
64.
Seven cases of granular cell Abrikossoff tumours of the larynx and tongue are reported: four in the tongue and three in the larynx. All of these tumours were removed with the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. The anatomical site of the origin and clinical features of granular cell tumours (GCT) are not specific. Histological, light microscopic, electron microscopic (EM) and immunohistochemical studies are required for diagnosis. The histogenesis and cellular derivation of GCTs is still controversial. The biological potential and lack of cellular atypia define a benign process. However, it is important to take into account that these tumours have ill-defined borders without a capsule. Radiation therapy has proved ineffective in the past. Surgical excision with a wide margin is required. Because of numerous advantages, for example, no bleeding, no oedema, minimal pain and quick recovery, CO2 laser removal is the treatment of choice. The authors have not seen any recurrence or complications. 相似文献
65.
A significant increase of cutaneous laser Doppler flowmetry was found before blood flow decreases with increasing pressure during a 5 mmHg min−1 increase of pressure strain on the finger. Pre-treatment with a local anaesthetic or chronically applied capsaicin, resulted in the disappearance of the vasodilatory response. These results suggest an original vasodilatory axon reflex response to non-noxious pressure strain which is initiated by capsaicin-sensitive nerve terminals in the human skin. 相似文献
66.
Nd:YAG激光虹膜透切术治疗闭角型青光眼406只眼。单脉冲激光能量为3~6mJ,平均总能量为186mJ。一次虹膜透切成功者占80.0%,二次治疗成功者为17.2%,需三次治疗者仅为2.8%。治疗后随访0.5~1.0年,眼压平均下降0.78kPa(5.87mmHg)。视力有明显提高达55.5%,保持原来视力不变者为41.0%,视力微有减退者为3.5%。治疗效果显著,无严重并发症。 相似文献
67.
Per R. Flood Peter Fritz Schmidt Gro R. Wesenberg Hermod Gadeholt 《Archives of toxicology》1988,62(4):295-300
Two iliac crest needle biopsies were taken from a 43-year-old lead-poisoned woman during and after completion of a Ca-EDTA treatment. By atomic absorption spectroscopy the first and second biopsy were found to contain 56, respectively 41.6 g lead/g wet tissue. In both biopsies 36% of the lead was extractable in 0.1 N HCl. Electron microbeam X-ray analysis proved to have too low sensitivity for quantitation of the lead in these biopsies. Laser microbeam mass analysis (LAMMA), performed only on the second biopsy, revealed a high and fairly constant residual lead concentration in all bone marrow cell nuclei (approximately 55 g/g) and a low lead concentration in the cytoplasm of the same cells (4–12 (g/g). The extracellular bone matrix lead was greatly concentrated in the superficial 3–6 m osteoid zone of the bony trabeculae and totally absent from deeper parts of the mineralized matrix. The LAMMA results are in good agreement with those of subcellular fractionation experiments and atomic absorption spectroscopy, provided that the relative volume fraction of nucleus and cytoplasm is accounted for. The high residual osteoid lead after completed chelation therapy indicates that lead has a stronger affinity for the organic than the mineral components of bone matrix. 相似文献
68.
In in vitro and animal experiments the tissue effects of the 1.318m Nd-YAG laser were compared to those of the standard 1.064m Nd-YAG laser in order to evaluate the advantages of the new wavelength with a ten times higher absorption in water for gastroenterological tumour treatment. Under irradiation parameters related to clinical endoscopic practice, the laser of the wavelength 1.318m needs for both vaporization and coagulation significantly less energy than the 1.064m laser. Since vaporization at 1.318m is always accompanied by a higher coagulation effect compared to 1.064m the risk of late necrosis and resulting perforation appears to be increased. 相似文献
69.
高压氧对人重症牙周炎牙龈血流量、血流速度和血浓度作用及机理研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
目的 :探讨高压氧 (HBO)对人重症牙周炎牙龈血流量 (GBF)、血流速度 (BCV)和血浓度 (BC)的作用及HBO治疗牙周炎的机理。方法 :选自口腔中心门诊的 3 0例重症牙周炎患者 ,随机分为二组 ,即治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组用HBO治疗 ,对照组用漱口液漱口。用激光多普勒血流仪测定二组治疗前后的GBF、BCV和BC。结果 :HBO能使牙周炎患者GBF增加 2 .1倍 ,BCV增加 6.7倍 ,BC降低为治疗前的 5 8.2 % ,与对照组比均有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :HBO能使牙周炎患者GBF和BCV增加 ,BC减少 ,能改善牙龈微循环 ,对治疗牙周炎有积极意义 相似文献
70.
为克服 He-Ne激光血管内照射疗法所具有的不足,我们采用830nm、500mW半导体激光器,研制了用于体外血管照射的激光治疗仪.设计了易于固定的激光输出头,并且采用单片机控制整机,提高了仪器的稳定性和可靠性.临床应用取得了令人满意的治疗效果. 相似文献