儿童牙颌畸形的早期治疗效果分析

目的 探讨早期治疗儿童牙颌畸形的临床措施及效果.方法 对本院2012年4月～2013年7月收治的儿童牙颌畸形患者50例的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 50例患儿的牙颌畸形均得到较好的纠正与改善,疗效较好,且无并发症或其他异常畸形现象.结论 儿童牙颌畸形开展早期治疗和矫正能帮助患儿牙齿健康成长,早期的畸形矫正值得临床推广.     

Diagnostic Radioisotopes

Summary

We studied the reaction of the mouse foot after combined X-irradiation and heat treatment. Acute reactions after heat differ from those after irradiation, however, after healing of the lesions, the same symptoms of deformity of the mouse foot remain. Prior heat treatment, 30 min at 43°C, of the foot led to thermotolerance and this thermotolerance resulted in resistance to combined irradiation-heat treatments and hence to a decreased thermal enhancement of radiation effects. Resistance could be observed up to 168 h after prior heat treatment. The development of resistance to combined treatment at higher irradiation dose (15 or 20 Gy) and less severe heating was slower than at lower irradiation dose (10 Gy) and more severe heating. Thermal enhancement was confirmed to be dependent on the sequence of, and the interval between irradiation and heat treatment. When the mouse foot was made thermotolerant by prior heat treatment, thermal enhancement was always reduced, regardless of the sequence, when the combined heat and radiation treatments were given with an interval of less than 12 h. Thermotolerance led to an apparent decrease in the effective temperature employed in a combined treatment equivalent to approximately 1·0°C, at temperatures above 43°C in a 1 h heat treatment.     

Condylar changes after orthognathic surgery for class III dentofacial deformity: a systematic review

After orthognathic surgery for class II dentofacial deformity, remodelling of the mandibular condyle will take place. In a number of cases, this may evolve towards a phenomenon of condylar resorption. Yet, studies on the occurrence of this complication after the correction of a class III deformity are scarce. A systematic review of the literature was performed with the aim of identifying reports on condylar resorption or remodelling after orthognathic surgery for class III dentofacial deformity. A search of the international databases yielded 12 eligible studies. Eight studies reported some degree of postoperative condylar remodelling, while symptoms of condylar resorption were only described in a limited group of patients. Thus, the literature may show evidence of condylar remodelling after orthognathic treatment of class III patients, and anecdotal reports of condylar resorption exist. The small sample sizes, heterogeneity in methods and outcomes, and use of two-dimensional radiographs indicate the need for updated long-term research. In the future, the use of cone beam computed tomography data for volumetric and morphological condylar analysis in combination with three-dimensional cephalometry may provide the opportunity to further elucidate this phenomenon and better characterize its aetiology.     

Approach and treatment of the adult acquired flatfoot deformity

Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD), embraces a wide spectrum of deformities. AAFD is a complex pathology consisting both of posterior tibial tendon insufficiency and failure of the capsular and ligamentous structures of the foot. Each patient presents with characteristic deformities across the involved joints, requiring individualized treatment. Early stages may respond well to aggressive conservative management, yet more severe AAFD necessitates prompt surgical therapy to halt the progression of the disease to stages requiring more complex procedures. We present the most current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to AAFD, based on the most pertinent literature and our own experience and investigations.     

Is it sufficient to treat adult lumbar spinal deformity using anterior lumbar interbody fusion with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation?

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) has been performed for lumbar spinal restoration and stabilization without extensive paraspinal muscle damage or massive bleeding. The authors retrospectively investigated surgical results of multilevel ALIF followed by percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) in adult lumbar spinal deformity (ALSD). This study included 28 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal deformity, who underwent selective multilevel ALIF and PPSF between January 2013 and August 2016 at our hospital. Standing X-rays were performed and coronal Cobb angle (CCA) of scoliosis, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS) were measured. Pain and functional assessment were performed using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for low back pain and leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores. CCA, SVA and LL were significantly improved immediately after surgery and relatively well maintained until the last follow-up. After surgery, PT was significantly decreased and SS was increased, respectively. However, cases with SVA > 95 mm or PT > 30° showed a loss of correction in sagittal balance parameters to a greater extent at the last follow-up compared to the group of patients with minor sagittal imbalance. VAS scores for back and radicular pain, and ODI score were significantly decreased at the final follow-up (p < 0.05). Multilevel ALIF with PPSF yielded favorable clinical and radiological outcomes in coronal and sagittal balance without severe surgical mortality or morbidity in patients with ALSD. However, correction loss in sagittal balance was observed in cases with SVA > 95 mm or PT > 30˚.