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目的 探讨机用PathfileTM镍钛锉联合手用ProTaper镍钛器械在磨牙狭窄根管的预备效果。方法 选择2011年8月至2012年2月广州市天河区人民医院口腔科门诊需行根管治疗的磨牙根管狭窄患者125例(患牙125颗),采用PathfileTM镍钛锉进行根管预处理,以手用Pro Taper镍钛器械完成根管预备,侧向加压技术充填根管,根据治疗前后的X线片评价根管预备和充填效果。结果 125颗患牙的419个根管中,409个形态好,7个未能完全疏通,无台阶、根尖堵塞、根管偏移及侧壁穿孔等并发症发生,有3根器械折断于根尖段。恰填403个根管,10个根管因未完全疏通、无法到达根尖孔或断针而欠填,6个根管超填。结论 采用机用PathfileTM镍钛锉疏通狭窄根管的根尖段后再以手用ProTaper镍钛器械完成根管预备,可获得良好的成形效果且较少出现并发症。     

Development and Testing of the Preparation for Labor and Birth Instrument

ObjectiveTo develop and assess the reliability and validity of a new instrument used during the third trimester of pregnancy to measure women’s confidence in their ability to achieve physiologic birth, the Preparation for Labor and Birth (P-LAB) instrument.DesignTwo-phase instrument development study that consisted of item generation and a prospective field test.SettingField testing occurred in five midwestern U.S. prenatal clinics.ParticipantsParticipants in the field test were 203 nulliparous and parous pregnant women who intended to give birth vaginally.MethodsPsychometric testing consisted of test–retest reliability testing and assessments of content validity, face validity, and construct validity. We measured construct validity using exploratory factor analysis and correlation with the Sense of Coherence Scale.ResultsThe 22-item P-LAB showed good content validity, good internal consistency, and stability over time. All items had content validity index scores greater than or equal to 0.8, and the total instrument content validity index was 0.95. We identified four factors related to women’s confidence in their ability to achieve physiologic birth: Planned Use of Pain Medication, Relationship With Care Provider and Supportive Birth Environment, Beliefs About Labor, and Labor Support (social and professional). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the four extracted factors were .93, .76, .73 and .74, respectively. Intraclass correlation [95% confidence interval] for the total questionnaire was .92 [.88, .94]. We found no linear association between total P-LAB scores and sense of coherence.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate acceptable initial psychometric properties for the P-LAB instrument. Additional testing is required to evaluate the instrument’s construct, convergent, and divergent validity.     

BILT肝病治疗仪对肝硬化患者血小板参数与凝血的影响

目的探讨肝硬化患者采用BILT肝病治疗仪治疗对血小板参数与凝血的影响。方法本次共选择80例肝硬化患者,分组就常规对症支持(对照组)与加用BILT肝病治疗仪(观察组)治疗。对凝血机制和预后的影响进行比较。结果观察组临床情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论肝硬化患者采用BILT肝病治疗仪治疗,可显著减轻临床症状,具较高安全性,值得广泛推广应用。     

Determinants for a low health-related quality of life in asthmatics

People with asthma suffer from impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL), but the determinants of HRQL among asthmatics are not completely understood. The aim of this investigation was to study determinants of low HRQL in asthmatics and to study whether the determinants of HRQL differ between sexes and age groups. A cohort of three age groups in Sweden was investigated in 1990 using a questionnaire with focus on respiratory symptoms. To study quality of life, the generic instrument Gothenburg Quality of Life was used. The participants were also investigated with interviews, spirometry, and allergy testing. Asthma was diagnosed in 616 subjects. Fifty-eight per cent (n = 359) of the subjects were women; and 24% were smokers, 22% ex-smokers, and 54% were non-smokers. Women were more likely than men to report poor health-related quality of life. Respiratory symptoms severity was another independent determinant of a lower quality of life as well as airway responsiveness to irritants. Current and former smokers also reported lower quality of life. Finally, absenteeism from school and work was associated with lower quality of life. Factors such as sex, smoking habits, airway responsiveness to irritants, respiratory symptom severity, allergy, and absenteeism from school and work were associated with low HRQL in asthmatics.