Retrospective cohort study between selective and standard C3-7 laminoplasty. Minimum 2-year follow-up study

A total of 64 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) were assessed in this study. Forty-two patients underwent selective expansive open-door laminoplasty (ELAP). Twenty-two patients who underwent conventional C3-7 ELAP served as controls. There were no significant differences in recovery rate of JOA scores, C2–C7 angle or cervical range of motion between two groups. Incidence of axial symptoms and segmental motor paralysis in selective ELAP was significantly lower than those in the C3-7 ELAP. Size of anterior compression mass, postoperative spinal cord positions and decompression conditions were evaluated using preoperative or postoperative MRI in 50 of 64 patients. There was a positive correlation between number of expanded laminae and maximum anterior spaces of spinal cord. Incomplete decompression was developed in three of 37 patients in selective ELAP and in two of 13 patients in C3-7ELAP. Mean size of anterior compression mass at incomplete decompression levels was significantly greater than that at complete decompression levels. Since, there was less posterior movement of the spinal cord in selective ELAP than that in C3-7ELAP, minute concerns about size of anterior compression mass is necessary to decide the number of expanded laminae. Overall, selective ELAP was less invasive and useful in reducing axial symptoms and segmental motor paralysis. This new surgical strategy was effective in improving the surgical outcomes of CSM, and short-term results were satisfactory.     

一次性颈椎后路椎管扩大成形术加经硬脊膜入路髓核摘除术治疗脊髓钳夹型颈椎病

目的 探讨采用一次性颈椎后路单开门椎管成形术加经硬脊膜入路椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗脊髓钳夹型颈椎病的手术方法及观察其近期手术疗效.方法 本组6例脊髓钳夹型颈椎病患者术前均行X线片、CT和MRI检查确诊.手术方法均采用颈后路单开门椎管扩大成形术,然后在颈椎间盘突出相应的硬脊膜的位置上纵行切开硬脊膜,显露颈髓和上、下神经根及齿状韧带,切开纤维环取出髓核组织.结果 本组6例均获随访,按JOA评分标准平均提高3-6分,肌力平均提高2-3级,术前症状基本消失或缓解.术后予以X线片及MRI复查,无明显并发症,钳夹节段的颈髓均显示压迫解除.结论 一次性颈椎后路单开门椎管扩大成形术加经硬脊膜入路椎间盘髓核摘除术是治疗脊髓钳夹型颈椎病的一种可行有效的手术方法.它可避免多次手术的痛苦.     

2－距离空间上的膨胀型映射

给出了２－距离空间上二类膨胀型映射的不动点定理，并进行了相应的推广。     

单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗脊髓型颈椎病疗效分析

目的　评价后路单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的疗效及影响因素。方法　对 4 7例脊髓型颈椎病行单开门椎管成型术 ,平均随访时间 39 2个月 ,手术前后应用JOA评分法 ,对脊髓功能的改善情况进行对比分析。结果　病程小于 6个月者 2、 3年改善率分别为 6 8 0 6 %、 6 9 2 1 % ;病程超过 6个月者 2、 3年改善率分别为 6 1 80 %、 6 2 4 3%。术后 2年的改善率与术前JOA评分呈负相关性 (r=- 0 30 )。结论　单开门椎管扩大成形术后疗效肯定 ,术后缓解率同病程长短以及术前脊髓功能受损程度有关 ,脊髓功能恢复在 2年时基本稳定     

后正中开门加植骨固定术治疗颈椎椎管狭窄症

目的选择一种后路手术治疗椎管狭窄症较理想的方法.方法采用不切除棘突,用线锯从后正中线锯开棘突、椎板及黄韧带,扩大椎管,锯开的棘突间植入骨块并加以固定,治疗颈椎管狭窄9例.结果 JOA评分平均改善率达88%,并且无明显手术并发症,植骨融合良好.结论线锯后正中开门加植骨固定术治疗椎管狭窄症是一种方法简便,减压彻底,手术时间短的治疗方法.     

脊髓型颈椎病电生理检测特点及临床评估相关性分析

目的　探讨皮层体感诱发电位 (CSEP)检测结果与脊髓型颈椎病 (CSM)临床表现、后路“单开门”椎板成形(ODLP)手术疗效间的相关性。方法　选择并随访 31例行ODLP的病例 ,按照CSEP检测波形分类 ,并根据手术前后JOA分值进行病情分度、计算临床改善率 ,进而将各因素相关数据进行统计处理 ,分析彼此间的相关性。结果　CSM患者术前JOA分值为 8.4 2± 2 .94 ,术后为 11.4 6± 2 .85 ,随访时为 12 .13± 3.2 0 ,术后及随访JOA分值明显增加 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,临床改善率为 4 7.80 %± 2 3.4 2 %。CSEP检测Ⅰ型波 3例 ,Ⅱ型波 6例 ,Ⅲ型波 14例 ,Ⅳ型波 8例 ;临床症状严重者 2例 ,重度者 11例 ,中度者 16例 ,轻度者 2例 ;手术疗效优良者 15例 ,一般者 16例。CSEP检测结果与临床病情间进行相关性分析 (Hc=14 .4 8,P <0 .0 1) ,CSEP检测结果与临床改善率间进行相关性分析 (Uc =3.995 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　ODLP是治疗CSM一种成熟的外科术式 ,疗效肯定。CSM患者CSEP检测结果与病变程度、临床改善率间存在显著相关性 ,CSEP电生理检测有助于更准确地了解脊髓受损程度 ,预测手术效果 ,为临床提供客观、有价值的信息。     

保留脊柱后部结构式颈椎后路双开门椎管扩大成形术的应用

目的 评价保留脊柱后部结构式颈椎后路双开门椎管扩大成形术的临床意义.方法 2003年6月至2006年6月间应用保留脊柱后部结构式颈椎后路双开门椎管扩大成形术治疗26例颈椎病患者,其中男性21例,女性5例,年龄35-72岁,平均56.5岁.术前JOA评分:3-13分,平均8.3分,椎管矢状径为(6.9±2.0)mm(5-11 mm).结果 开门减压成形:C3-C7 22例,C3-C6 4例,随访时间6-48个月,平均20个月,术后JOA评分12-17分,平均15.2分,优良率为82.3%,椎管矢状径为(12.7±2.1)mm(10-17 mm),所有棘突与植骨块愈合.结论 保留脊柱后部结构式颈椎后路双开门椎管扩大成形术是安全有效的,对术后保持颈椎后部稳定性,防止术后颈部僵硬、后伸受限、颈椎后凸畸形有重要的意义.     

正交实验探讨爆压法炮制马钱子的最佳条件

目的：优化选择爆压法炮制马钱子的最佳条件。方法：用正交设计对爆压法炮制马钱子的工艺进行研究。结果：加热5min,气压达152kPa,马钱子中士的宁的含量均可达砂炮制的效果,符合《中国药典》炮制马钱子的标准。结论：筛选的爆压法炮制工艺,能确保马钱子炮制品的临床用药安全和疗效。     

撬拨椎板回植胸腰椎管成形术

目的：探讨与总结采用撬拨椎板回植椎管成形术在胸腰椎管手术应用中的安全、可靠和优越性。方法：自1996年4月－2000年5月应用特制骨凿和一定的技术路线进行撬拨椎板回植胸腰椎管成形术78例,其中胸椎腰 椎体压缩性骨折骨块移入椎管8例,腰椎管狭窄侧隐窝狭窄27例,腰椎间盘突出症38例,椎管肿瘤5例,均获得成功并取得很好的临床疗效。结果：本组全部病人均随访6个月以上（6个月－4年）,全部病例都在术后2－3个月达到良好的骨性愈合,未见骨不愈合、回植推板移入椎管或有移入倾向。未见截骨前缘过度增生对硬膜产生新的压迫等。无症状复发和胸腰椎不稳。结论：经78例手术应用证明,撬拨椎板回植管成形术在椎管手术应用中安全可靠、疗效好,具有避免椎管内粘连和瘢痕形成、恢复局部解剖和维持脊柱稳定的特点。     

Preliminary report of modified expansive laminoplasty in the treatment of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum

ObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate the role of posterior suspension of the laminae–ossification of the ligamentum flavum complex combined with miniplate fixation (modified expansive thoracic laminoplasty) in treating thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF).MethodsEight patients with TOLF treated by modified expansive thoracic laminoplasty were retrospectively analyzed. Their general information, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications were recorded. Neurological functional recovery was evaluated by the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score and Hirabayashi recovery rate preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative imaging was performed, and the decompression range and internal fixation positioning were evaluated.ResultsThe mJOA score significantly improved from 4.63 points preoperatively to 9.0 points at the final follow-up (Hirabayashi recovery rate of 77.75%). Postoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed sufficient decompression of the surgical segment. At the final follow-up, the internal implants were well-placed, the lamina–ligamentum flavum complex showed no significant displacement, and neurological functional recovery was satisfactory.ConclusionSurgical treatment of TOLF is complicated and high-risk. Characterized by simplicity and sufficient decompression, modified expansive thoracic laminoplasty can reduce the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and nerve injury with satisfactory neurological functional recovery.