Forensic toxicologic analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine optical isomers by high performance liquid chromatography

Summary Optical isomers (d and l) and racemic compounds (dl) of methamphetamine (MAMP) and amphetamine (AMP), and biologic materials including those substances, could be analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Examining the temperature for the analysis, 40°C was the optimal condition in the reproducibility of separated MAMP-isomers. The reproducibility at the temperature did not vary significantly. The measured values of optical isomers were 0.116±0.012, 1.082±0.070 and 8.984±0.136 for the mixing ratios (l/d) of 0.111, 1.000, and 9.000, respectively. The detection limit for both d- and l-isomers was 25 ng.The analytic result of hair specimens from two stimulant abusers by the present method indicates that they contained only d-MAMP and d-AMP, which is believed to have the strongest pharmacologic effect among the optical isomers of MAMP. The coefficient of variation in the analysis of five replicate standards, prepared by adding 1,000 ng each of racemate MAMP and AMP to hair, was less than 4%. The measured value against l/d=1.000 was 1.040±0.040 in MAMP and 0.980±0.030 in AMP. The detection limit for both racemate MAMP and AMP accumulated in hair was 250 ng.The analysis of the optical isomers by our method would contribute to identifying the smuggling routes or the illicit method.     

Clinical features fail to distinguish respiratory infections caused by Branhamella catarrhalis from those caused by Haemophilus influenzae

Branhamella catarrhalis is being isolated with increasing frequency from patients with symptoms and signs of respiratory tract infection. Records of 77 patients were reviewed to define the spectrum of respiratory illness and to compare clinical and laboratory features with those of respiratory infection due to Haemophilus influenzae. Both B catarrhalis and H influenzae caused respiratory infection predominantly in elderly males with underlying heart or lung disease. There were no clinical or laboratory features aside from sputum Gram stain and culture which differentiated the two groups. Although fewer than one-half of each group received antibiotics, no patient developed progressive respiratory disease.     

Automatic jet ventilation in children anaesthetized by the T-piece circuit

Investigation was carried out in ten children aged between one month and six years, who were anaesthetized by the T-piece circuit. The volume of the reservoir tubing of the T-piece was 250 ml. Ventilation was controlled automatically by oxygen jets which were delivered via an injector attached to the reservoir tubing. The oxygen jets were regulated by an electronically-controlled solenoid valve. The children were ventilated by a tidal volume about 12 ml±kg^?1 at a rate of 12-20 per min depending on their age, while the FGF varied between 3 and 6 l min^?1 depending on their body weight. The resulting FIO₂ ranged between 0.32 and 0.34 which was expected from the oxygen:nitrous oxide mixture (1:2), denoting no mixing of the oxygen jets with the anaesthetic mixture. The PA_co2 was ventilation-dependent, and ranged between 4±6-5±3 kPa (35-41 mmHg). The results suggest that automatic jet ventilation facilitates controlled ventilation in children anaesthetized by the T-piece circuit, while maintaining the original simplicity of the T-piece.;     

营养液浓度对丹参生长的影响

对丹参进行不同浓度营养液的砂培试验。结果表明,丹参是一种喜肥作物,在盐分总浓度达0.37%的条件下仍生长良好,产量也高。     

Current concepts on monoclonal gammopathies

This is a review of the monoclonal gammopathies, including a discussion of cause. The role of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes is presented. The recognition of a monoclonal protein in the serum and urine is presented in detail.
The frequency of benign and malignant monoclonal gammopathies is provided. A long-term follow-up of 241 patients with apparently benign monoclonal gammopathy is examined closely. In this series, multiple myeloma, macroglobulinaemia, amyloidosis, or related disorders developed in 22% of the 241 patients with long-term disease. The median duration from the recognition of the monoclonal protein until the development of serious disease was approximately eight to ten years.
The differentiation of benign from malignant monoclonal gammopathics is examinad in detail. The point is made that paticnu must be folld indefinitely because malignancy may develop more than 20 years later. The association of monoclonal gammopathies with other apparently unrelated diseases discussed. (Aust NZ J Med 1992; 22: 291–302.)     

用尿谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶评定颈椎病的康复疗效

测定了44例颈椎病患者康复前后尿液中谷胱甘肤过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力的变化。患者在治疗前,尿中GSH-Px活力为1080±310U/L((?)±s),与健康对照组相比差异有高度显著性(P<0.001)。推拿和颈牵治疗后尿中GSH—Px活力平均下降38.8%,且下降幅度和疗效之间有着明显的平行关系。据此,我们认为颈椎病的发病可能和体内自由基代谢紊乱有关,同时认为,无创伤的尿GSH—Px活力测定可以作为颈椎病康复疗效评定的客观指标,从而为颈椎病康复疗效的评定提供科学的生化依据。     

Cytomegalie der Kopfspeicheldrüsen bei SIDS

Zusammenfassung Es erfolgte eine retrospektive mikromorphologische Analyse der Glandula parotis und/oder der Glandula submandibularis von 180 plötzlichen Kindstodesfällen in Berlin und 75 Fällen in Hamburg. Erfaßt wurden Fälle der letzten 10 Jahre mit einem Alter zwischen 2 Wochen und einem Lebensjahr. — Typische CMV-Einschlußkörper wurden im Berliner Material in 18 Fällen (10%; Mädchen mehr als Jungen) und im Hamburger Material in 6 Fällen (7%; Jungen mehr als Mädchen) diagnostiziert. Während die meisten SIDS-Fälle sich im zweiten und dritten Lebensmonat ereigneten, war bei den CMV-Infektionen kein Altersgipfel festzustellen. Virusmaterial war mit immunhistochemischen Unterschungen sowie in-situ-Hybridisierung auch in histologisch unauffälligen Zellen nachzuweisen. — Unter Berücksichtigung der bekannten klinischen und epidemiologischen Daten zur Cytomegalie stellt die Diagnose einer lokalisierten Infektion der Kopf-speicheldrüsen keine befriedigende Erklärung für den plötzlichen Tod der Säuglinge dar; diese Befunde sind jedoch besonders beachtenswert als Hinweis auf eine Schwäche des Immunsystems.