进展型脑梗死患者miRNA的表达水平及临床意义

目的探讨进展型脑梗死患者微小RNA(miRNA)的表达水平及临床意义。方法回顾性分析2016年7月至2018年7月期间我院收治的138例脑梗死患者病例资料。根据斯堪的那维亚卒中量表(SSS)将其分为对照组(稳定型脑梗死,82例)和观察组(进展型脑梗死,56例)。观察组患者按照高级中枢损伤严重程度评定标准(MESSS)评分为轻度进展(30例)、中度进展(17例)、重度进展(9例)三个亚组。对观察组出院两个月后进行预后随访,并将其分为预后不良组及预后良好组。分析进展型脑梗死患者miRNA的表达水平及临床意义。结果进展型脑梗死患者的miRNA-21、miRNA-223水平均显著高于稳定型脑梗死患者(P 0. 05); miRNA-21、miRNA-223的高表达均是进展型脑梗死的危险因素(P 0. 05),且进展型脑梗死的严重程度与血清miRNA-21、miRNA-223的表达水平均呈正相关(r=0. 834,P=0. 008;r=0. 896,P=0. 001)。预后不良组患者血清miRNA-21、miRNA-223表达水平显著高于预后良好组(P 0. 05);血清miRNA-21、miRNA-223表达水平预测进展型脑梗死预后的AUC面积分别为0. 805、0. 834,并分别得出截断值4. 45 (敏感度77. 14%,特异性82. 28%)、7. 06(敏感度82. 86%,特异性73. 42%)。结论进展型脑梗死患者miRNA-21、miRNA-223呈高表达,且其表达水平与脑梗死严重程度呈正相关,同时对预测进展型脑梗死预后均具有较高的敏感度和特异度,有可能成为一种早期诊断和预测进展型脑梗死生物标志物。     

Skin temperature and vascular attributes as early warning signs of pressure injury

ObjectivesThis study aimed to validate the skin temperature on sacral region and vascular attributes as early warning signs of pressure injury.MethodsTotally 415 patients admitted to the adult intensive care unit from August 2018 to April 2019 were prospectively screened. Daily blood pressure and blood glucose affecting vascular attributes and the relative skin temperature of sacral region were measured for 10 consecutive days. Collect the changes of these indicators during the occurrence of pressure injury. The optimal cut-off values of indicators were determined by X-tile analysis. The risk ratios of indicators associated with pressure injury were compared using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsThere were no obvious interactions among blood pressure, blood glucose and relative skin temperature (P > 0.05). The optimal cutoff value for above indicators was 63.5 mmHg, 9.9 mmol/L and −0.1 °C, respectively. The incidence of pressure injury peaked on the 4th and 5th day after hospitalization when categorizing the patients into low- and high-risk groups according to the cutoff values (P < 0.05). Based on relative skin temperature, patients in the high-risk group were more likely to develop pressure injury (hazard ratio = 6.36, 95% confidence interval = 3.91, 10.36), when compared to the other two indicators of blood pressure and blood glucose.ConclusionStringent skin temperature and vascular attributes measurements were necessary for preventing pressure injury. Nursing measures should be taken according to warning sings to reduce the incidence of pressure injury.     

Variables associated with subjective cognitive change among Iraq and Afghanistan war Veterans with blast-related mild traumatic brain injury

Introduction: This study investigated variables associated with subjective decline in executive function among Veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) following a history of blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Method: Fifty-six male U.S. Veterans (M_Age = 35.3 ± 8.8 years) with a history of blast-related mTBI (6.6 ± 3.2 years post injury) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires and neuropsychological measures. Participants rated current and retrospectively estimated pre-mTBI executive function difficulties on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe). A difference score (post- minus pre-mTBI ratings) was the dependent variable (?FrSBe). Linear regression models examined variables predicting ?FrSBe, including: pre-injury characteristics (education, premorbid intelligence), injury-related characteristics (number of blast exposures, losses of consciousness), post-injury clinical symptoms (PTSD Checklist–Military version; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and post-injury neuropsychological performances on executive function measures (Trail Making Test Part B; Controlled Oral Word Association Test; Auditory Consonant Trigrams; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test).

Results: While 11% of participants had a clinically elevated pre-injury FrSBe total score, 82% had a clinically elevated post-injury FrSBe total score. Only self-reported PTSD symptom severity independently predicted perceived change in executive function.

Conclusions: Many OEF/OIF/OND Veterans with a history of blast-related mTBI experience subjective decline in executive function following injury. Perceived executive function decline was associated with higher PTSD symptom severity, aligning with previous research associating PTSD with cognitive complaints. Results did not support a correspondence between perceived cognitive change and neuropsychological performances.     

Emodin attenuates acute lung injury in Cecal-ligation and puncture rats

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of sepsis-induced acute respiratory failure. Emodin has been considered to play a protective role for acute lung edema in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model. In this study we aimed to investigate whether emodin could improve CLP-induced lung sepsis via regulating aquaporin (AQP) and tight junction (TJ), inflammatory factors, and pulmonary apoptosis. The results showed that sepsis-induced pulmonary pathological changes were significantly improved after emodin treatment. Emodin was found to upregulate AQP and TJ expression in the CLP model. Meanwhile, inflammatory cytokine release and pulmonary apoptosis was remarkably reduced after emodin treatment in lung sepsis. Our data demonstrated that emodin could suppresse inflammation, restore pulmonary epithelial barrier and reduce mortality in CLP-induced ALI, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of emodin in sepsis.