培朵普利与博安霉素联用对肝癌H22移植瘤生长的影响

目的观察培朵普利(PER)与抗肿瘤抗生素博安霉素(BAM)联合给药对肿瘤生长的影响。方法采用小鼠肝癌H22移植瘤模型观察二者联合给药的作用。结果PER 2 mg.kg-1每天灌胃给药,直到实验结束;BAM 1 mg.kg-1腹腔给药×3,设计了以下二个实验:(1)在肿瘤接种后第1天给药,合用组肿瘤生长速度比单用组的慢,在第19天,PER抑瘤率为59.3%,BAM抑瘤率为39.1%,二者联合的抑瘤率为76.0%,CDI为0.96;(2)在肿瘤接种后延迟给药,合用组肿瘤生长速度也比单用组的慢,在第19天,PER抑瘤率为42.9%,BAM抑瘤率为37.9%,二者联合的抑瘤率为76.6%,CDI为0.66。结论PER与BAM联合抗肿瘤有协同作用。     

In vitro/in vivo correlation of prolonged release dosage forms containing diltiazem HCl

Six preparations were considered: three multiple unit dosage forms (micropellets in capsules) (D, E and G) and one matrix tablet (B) were experimental prolonged release formulations, two non-disintegrating tablets (A and C) were commercial products. The in vitro dissolution behaviour of the differing formulations was investigated using the USP XXII paddle apparatus. The in vivo study was effected on a panel of 12 healthy volunteers. The two commercial tablets (A and C) showed mean dissolution time (MDT) of 1.34 and 1.44 h and t_d of 91 and 92 min, respectively; for prolonged release formulations (B, E, D, and G) MDT ranged between 2.28 and 4.23 h and t_d between 149 and 291 min. The mean residence time (MRT) was 8.68 and 6.47 h for tablets A and C, respectively; it ranged between 9.62 and 10.24 h for the multiple unit formulations E, D, and G and was 11.27 h for matrix B. Formulation B also showed the higher apparent elimination half-life t_1/2 (7.12 h), while apparent t_1/2 for all the other formulations were very similar, ranging between 5.04 and 5.28 h. High variability between the various formulations was found for C_max and AUC values, and no relationships could be established with the type of formulation. An in vitro/in vivo correlation was found for all the formulations examined on the basis of analogous parameters (MDT and MRT); (r = 0.83, p <0.05). In a few cases the Wagner-Nelson deconvolution method was applied to individual plasma level versus time curves and the corresponding absorption curves were obtained. In these cases the in vitro/in vivo correlation was tested on the basis of the comparison of the in vivo absorption curves with the in vitro dissolution profiles. This was accomplished using the ‘Levy's plot’ (per cent released versus per cent absorbed) approach and provided further support for the correlation found.     

血肌酐值法预测地高辛个体化给药方案

在地高辛常规监测中，用血肌酐值法预测个体化药动学参数和给药方案。结果表明，８４例病人的地高辛药物动力学参数预测值为，ＣＬ７６±２１ｍｌ／（ｋｇ·ｈ），Ｖｄ７．０５±１．２０Ｌ／ｋｇ，Ｔ１／２６６±７ｈ。预测的个体化剂量为３．１±０．９μｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），预测的稳态血药浓度（Ｃ＿（ｓｓ））为１．２４±０．３８μｇ／Ｌ，与实测Ｃ＿（ｓｓ）１．２±０．４μｇ／Ｌ比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

产科诊断剂量超声波对培养细胞影响的实验研究

采用模拟在人体中使用的实测超声剂量，对体外培养的Ｌ－９２９株细胞进行辐照，通过细胞回复能力试验，观察回复前后的细胞增殖与抑制。对体外培养的人胚肺纤维细胞经１次及５次辐照，观察了ＤＮＡ及细胞核面积的影响。并通过电镜观察了细胞超微结构的变化。上述实验结果，均提示经辐照后细胞有增殖趋向     

地高辛临床药物动力学参数的预测及个体化给药方案

用Bayesian一点法拟合心衰病人的DG个体药物动力学参数及个体化给药方案,用minitab对软件DG群体药物动力学数据进行统计学分析.以CrCL为固定效应变量,建立系列回归模型,预测心衰病人的DG个体药物动力学参数、个体化给药方案及其对映的(?)ss.结果显示CrCL与DG群体药物动力学参数存在高度的相关(P<0.001),相关系数分别为:CL=0.805,Vd=0.985,T_(1/2)=-0.517,K=0.525,D_(1.0)=0.714.并建立定量回归模型,预测DG个体药物动力学参数,预测参数与实测参数没有统计学差异,其中以Vd预测精度最好,有95%的预测值在实测值的95%置信限以内.与实测值相关系数为0.974,估计标准误差小于3.3%;其次是CL,有2/3的预测值在实测值95%置信限以内,与实测值相关系数为0.797,估计标准误差小于20%;T_(1/2)和K预测结果稍差.CrCL预测的个体化给药方案80%符合最佳个体化给药方案,且两者所对应的(?)ss没有显著性差异.     

辐射对皮肤黑色素细胞的生物效应研究与展望

辐射是影响黑色素细胞结构和功能的一个重要的环境因素。本文综述了近年来辐射对小鼠黑色素细胞的生物效应研究进展，并对今后的发展予以展望。     

An analysis of paramagnetic centers in irradiated dentin using electron spin resonance

Summary The ESR spectra produced in irradiated dentin have been studied over a range of incident radiation energies from 50 kVp to 25 MVp. The behavior of the dentin ESR signal strength is similar to that of enamel as a function of the energy of the incident radiation. The magnitude of the dentin ESR signals are, however, up to 10 times smaller than the signals of dental enamel for a given radiation energy. The possible contributions of radiation interaction coefficients, chemical structure, and crystallite size to the differences in ESR spectra are discussed.     

健康志愿者口服青蒿琥酯片剂的生物利用度

本文报道用放射免疫测定法研究口服青蒿琥酯片剂的生物利用度,结果为静脉注射青蒿琥酯后的血药时程为二房室模型,T1/2β为33.96±4.73分钟;口服青蒿琥酯片剂后的血药时程为一房室模型,其达峰时间为53.07±20.58分钟,峰浓度为1.94±1.05mg/L(1.94±1.05μg/ml),T1/2k为41.35±17.89分钟,绝对生物利用度为40.39±14.99％。结果提示口服青蒿琥酯片剂后,在人体内的吸收速度较快,而吸收程度较差。     

饮水有机浓集物致突变活性影响因素的研究

本文探讨饮水有机物浓集流速及加氯量对致突变活性的影响。试验表明，饮水有机物浓集流速控制在每分钟２倍树脂柱床体积时，可获得最佳致突变效果。当加氯量≥２０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，对ＴＡ９８±Ｓ９和ＴＡ１００—Ｓ９菌株有致突变活性，≤２ｍｇ／Ｌ时对ＴＡ９８±Ｓ９和ＴＡ１００±Ｓ９菌株无致突变活性。为最大限度减少致突变效应，在净水过程中保证流行病学安全前提下，减少加氯量和加氯次数是十分必要的。     

海生多糖肽对亚急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用

目的 研究海生多糖肽对小鼠亚急性辐射损伤的防护作用。方法 给小鼠饲以海生多糖肽制剂，用^60Coγ射线进行全身性亚急性照射，检测外周血白细胞、脾淋巴细胞转化率、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和过氧化酶含量、精子畸形率、睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率和肝细胞半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3等指标。结果 海生多糖肽高、低剂量组小鼠的血白细胞数量、脾淋巴细胞转化率、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶值和过氧化酶值均高于照射对照组，红细胞丙二醛值、精子畸形率、睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率和肝细胞半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3阳性表达率则低于照射对照组，差异有显著性。结论 海生多糖肽对亚急性辐射损伤有良好的防护作用。