Castleman’s disease (CD) is an unusual massive proliferation of lymphoid tissue distinct in two clinical forms, localized
and multicentric. The multicentric form has been related to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), especially in HIV-infected patients,
whereas the localized form of CD is still unrelated to viral pathogens. We report a case of a HIV-negative 16-year-old male
referred to our hospital with a 12-month history of a painless swelling in his right parotid region. A parotidectomy was performed,
and histological analysis evidenced a localized CD. The search for HHV-8 revealed an active virus infection. The patient was
commenced on corticosteroid therapy and a follow-up was performed every 6 months. The patient was commenced on corticosteroid
therapy and there has been no recurrence after 24 months. The authors report a case of localized parotid CD in a patient with
evidence of an active HHV-8 infection. The results of this study does for the first time suggest an association between HHV-8
and localized CD in HIV-negative subjects. 相似文献
The utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in parotid tumours remains widely debated. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosing parotid tumours.
Materials and methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with tumour disease of the parotid gland treated at a Portuguese Oncology Institute, over a period of 25 years. The preoperative FNAC results were compared with the final histopathological diagnosis. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of FNAC for malignancy. Association between malignancy on histopathology and FNAC results were evaluated with the Chi-square test.
Results
The study sample consisted of 155 patients (77 males and 78 females) with a mean age of 56.6 ± 17.0 years. In 27 cases (17.4%), the FNAC result was indeterminate. In this group of patients there was a higher proportion of malignancy on histology (48.1%) (X2; p < 0.001). In the group with a conclusive result on FNAC, the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC for malignancy was 66.7% and 99.0%, respectively. PPV was 94.1% and NPV was 92.8%.
Conclusions
A benign result on FNAC should be used with caution, due to its low sensitivity for malignancy. An indeterminate result on FNAC should raise suspicion for a malignant tumour. 相似文献
Summary The effect of radiotherapy on hearing was studied in 30 patients who were treated by surgery and radiotherapy for a parotid neoplasm. Functions of the irradiated ear were compared with those of the non-irradiated ear in the same patient. Tympanometry showed a small but significant reduction of static compliance on the irradiated side when compared with the non-irradiated side. Audiometry showed a significant increase in hearing loss in the 1–2, 4–8 and 10–20 kHz ranges that increased with frequency. This hearing loss was mainly sensorineural in contrast to hearing loss at 250–500 Hz, where it was more of a conductive type. There appeared to be a significant dose-effect relation in sound perception at 4–8 kHz. Doses to the cochlea of less than 55 Gy seldom caused a hearing loss, in contrast to doses exceeding 65 Gy. Overall, radiotherapy was found to cause significant, mainly sensorineural hearing losses, which were partly dose-dependent. 相似文献
Summary Distribution and redistribution of intra- and pericellular calcium was investigated in the parotid gland of rats under secretory stimulation and hypercalcaemia. The effects of hypercalcaemia and secretory stimulation and of the combination of both were compared. Calcium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Calcium distribution within the tissue was demonstrated by light microscopical (GBHA) staining and electron microscopical (pyroantimonate method) cytochemistry in combination with X-ray microanalysis. Typical calcium depot sites were the basal and cellular membranes, the calcium buffer organelles (i.e. mitochondria) the secretory granules and the acinar lumina. After stimulation (by isoprenalin) a decrease of calcium-enriched secretory granules and a depletion of intracellular calcium buffer organelles occurred. During hypercalcaemia (induced by dihydrotachysterol), a calcium overloading of the cell membrane and intracellular buffer organelles without calcification was observed. Combined stimulation and hypercalcaemia induced an excessive calcium overloading of all intra-and extracellular calcium depots with excessive calcium release into the acinar lumina resulting in calcium phosphate aggregates and stone formation. Secretory stimulation and simultaneous hypercalcaemia exert potentiating effects on intracellular and intraluminal calcification proposing an importance for pathogenesis of human sialolithiasis.Supported by Sonderforschungsbereich 34 Endokrinologie 相似文献
A conservative parotidectomy is defined as any procedure that is less than a classic superficial parotidectomy, and where less than a full facial nerve is dissected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncologic effects of a conservative parotidectomy in a series of patients with malignant tumors of the parotid gland.
The medical records of 43 patients treated at Severance Hospital from 1992 to 2002 who had been diagnosed with parotid cancers confined to the superficial lobe, and had also undergone conservative parotidectomies were reviewed. There were 16 males and 27 females, ranging in age from 8 to 84 years. Sixteen tumors (37%) were high-grade and 27 tumors (63%) were low-grade cancers. Twenty-four patients underwent neck dissection simultaneously with the primary lesion. Surgical treatment was followed by radiotherapy in 10 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 130 months, with a mean duration of time at 57.7 months.
The overall survival rate and the disease-free rate at five years were 88% and 79%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed histologic tumor grade (p = 0.003) and pathologic neck node metastasis (p < 0.001) to be significant variables. Based on multivariate analysis, only the presence of pathologically positive lymph nodes proved to be significant (p = 0.001). Occult metastases rates was 25% (3 of 12 cases) for high-grade tumors and none of the low-grade tumors had microscopic metastases. Recurrences developed in eight cases (19%). Four cases (9%) had a local or locoregional failure. Of these cases, two cases were high-grade tumors (13%, 2 of 16) and the other two cases were low-grade tumors (7%, 2 of 27). The six cases (14%) of which four cases were high-grade (25%) and two cases were low-grade (7%) had positive surgical margin but showed no evidence of local recurrence after additional postoperative radiotherapy. The incidence of postoperative facial nerve paralysis (HB > 1) was 12% (5 outof 43) for a temporary deficit, but there was no permanent paralysis.
Conservative parotidectomy with appropriate postoperative radiotherapy may be an acceptable procedure without potential morbidity, such as postoperative facial palsy, in the treatment of low-grade parotid cancers confined to the superficial lobe if the facial nerve is sufficiently distant from the tumor. 相似文献
BACKGROUND: Surgery of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma presents an increased risk of facial nerve injury and a considerable re-recurrence rate. METHODS: A series of 33 patients with first recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland was analyzed. The data were derived from medical records as well as from interviews and clinical examinations of all living patients. Histologic material of the initial and recurrent tumor were reviewed. RESULTS: Multifocal recurrence and carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma were observed in 73% and 9% of patients, respectively. The incidence of permanent partial facial nerve injury after surgery was 23% in patients with initial enucleation and 14% in those with initial superficial parotidectomy (including 1 patient with facial nerve resection and 1 patient with a partial facial paresis before recurrence surgery). A subsequent recurrence occurred in 6 patients, all with initial enucleation after a mean time interval of 9 years. CONCLUSIONS: The preservation of the facial nerve was possible in all but 1 patient treated for the first recurrence with a relatively low rate of permanent partial facial paresis because of the use of the operating microscope and facial nerve monitor. To evaluate the re-recurrence rate, a follow-up of at least 10 years is necessary. 相似文献
A case of congenital parotid lipomatosis in an infant is reported and literature is reviewed. This rare condition in children presents as gradually increasing parotid swelling, which is difficult to diagnose preoperatively as this condition is not considered in the differential diagnosis of a parotid mass. Complete excision with superficial or total parotidectomy with preservation of facial nerve is the treatment of choice. 相似文献
Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland in children is an extremely rare occurrence. We present a 13-year-old girl with acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland. Removal of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland (superficial parotidectomy) was performed because the tumor was completely encapsulated by fibrous tissue and had not invaded the deep parotid gland. There is no clinical evidence of recurrence or metastasis 4 years after surgery. In our view, when tumors are completely encapsulated and do not adhere to the facial nerves, superficial parotidectomy is the best surgical treatment in children. 相似文献
AIM: To investigate the usefulness of high-resolution MR imaging in the evaluation of the extracranial facial nerve, compared with surgical findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with benign parotid tumours were studied on a 1.5-T MR system with a 3 in circular surface coil. High-resolution T1-weighted spin-echo, T2-weighted fast spin-echo, and three-dimensional gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state (GRASS) images were obtained in the axial planes. Oblique reformatted images were generated. Tumours, parotid ducts and facial nerves were identified on these images. The relationship of the tumours to the facial nerves was confirmed at surgery. RESULTS: Facial nerves appeared as linear structures of low intensity on all pulse sequences. The main trunks and cervicofacial and temporofacial divisions of the facial nerves were identified in 100%, 84.1% and 53.8% of GRASS images, respectively. Parotid ducts appeared as structures of low intensity on T1-weighted (66.6%) and GRASS images (81.8%), and as structures of very high intensity on T2-weighted images (91.7%). The relationships of the tumours to the facial nerves were correctly diagnosed in 11 (91.7%) of 12 cases. CONCLUSION: High-resolution MR imaging depicts the extracranial facial nerve and the parotid duct, and is useful for preoperative evaluation of parotid gland tumours. 相似文献