Academic–Industrial Collaboration: Toward the Consilience of Two Solitudes

Current major advances in drug discovery can be traced back to pioneering contributions originating from academics over a century ago. Living in a symbiotic yet noninvasive coexistence, the academic community and the pharmaceutical industry have strived, each in their own way, to develop the modern medicines that benefit humankind today. The subject is presented from a historical and personal perspective.     

外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例

目的观察和评价外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔的近期疗效.方法作者采用外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例.结果近期治愈788例,治愈率98.5%,好转12例,好转率1.5%.治愈天数10～21天.结论外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔简单实用,手术时间短,术后痛苦小,伤面愈合快,并发症少,无后遗症,复发率低,是治疗混合痔的较好方法.     

自动痔疮套扎术(RPH)治疗轻中度痔疮

目的研究自动痔疮套扎术(RPH)治疗轻中度痔疮的临床疗效.方法应用自动痔疮套扎器对156例轻中度痔疮患者施行自动痔疮套扎术,观察手术疗效、并发症和病人满意度.结果共施行套扎治疗287例次,平均每人1.8次.术后全部患者的痔疮症状均有不同程度的好转,其中症状完全消除者143例(91.7%),以便血为主要症状者术后便血全部停止.术后主要不适有急便感或坠胀感51例(32.7%);术后痔块回缩不全8例(5.1%);无出血、感染、肛门狭窄等并发症.问卷调查病人的满意度,表示满意者149例(95.5%),基本满意6例(3.9%),不满意1例(0.6%).结论RPH对轻中度痔疮不仅具有极好的疗效,而且无需麻醉和住院,操作简便,术后痛苦轻微,几无并发症,病人满意度高.     

Investigation and treatment of urinary incontinence

Female urinary incontinence is a common but underreported condition. Initial investigation and treatment can in most cases be undertaken without urodynamic or other detailed tests. History by the use of validated symptom and quality of life questionnaires is key to the initial investigation. Initial treatment includes pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) regardless of the type of incontinence; lifestyle interventions and bladder retraining, anticholinergics and serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (e.g. duloxetine) are also included depending on the type of symptoms. In mixed incontinence the predominant symptom should be treated first. When this initial treatment is ineffective, further investigation should be offered prior to specialised treatment. Urodynamics should be considered for all patients prior to surgery. Imaging and cystoscopy to exclude pathology, for example in elderly patients with an overactive bladder, are also necessary. Newer surgical interventions should be offered after careful consideration of the risk:benefit ratio for each individual woman and the amount of evidence that is currently available to support their use.     

混合Poisson分布及其应用：疾病的统计分布（五）

本文讨论了混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布的性质、应用条件、参数的估计及混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布阶数的确定，指出混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布可用于混合样本的判别归类，并用Ｂａｙｅｓ的思想导出其判别归类方法。模拟试验结果表明：当混合Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ分布中各部分的比例相差不大，而各部分的均值相差较大时，抽样效果和拟合效果越好，所得到的估计值越接近理论值；反之效果越差。     

乳腺癌HSV—1,HSV—2与c—erbB—2关系的免疫组化研究

采用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法检测５２例手术切除乳腺癌组织ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白和ＨＳＶ－１、ＨＳＶ－２表达情况。结果发现癌组织中ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性３４例（６５．４％）；ＨＳＶ－１阳性３８例（７３．１％）；ＨＳＶ－２阳性１５例（２８．８％）。癌旁组织３２例，阳性分别为３例（９．４％）；１２例（３７．５％）；２例（６．３％）。乳腺癌中ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率明显高于癌旁组织。乳腺癌及癌旁的ＨＳＶ－１阳性率明     

Bleeding complications precipitated by unrecognized Gingko biloba use after liver transplantation

Because of its neurocognitive enhancing effects, Gingko biloba has emerged as amongst the most commonly used herbal products. We report a liver transplant recipient with potentially life-threatening toxicity resulting from Gingko biloba use. Seven days after a second liver transplantation for recurrent hepatitisB virus infection, subphrenic hematoma was documented in a 59-year-old Korean patient. Failure to control bleeding with CT-guided drainage necessitated exploratory laparotomy for the evacuation of a large subphrenic hematoma. Three weeks later, an episode of vitreous hemorrhage was documented. Unbeknownst to his care providers, the patient had been consuming Gingko biloba throughout the postoperative period. No further bleeding episodes occurred after the cessation of Gingko biloba use. Unrecognized use of herbal products may be associated with serious side effects and adverse clinical sequelae in transplant recipients. Given their increasing popularity, the use of herbal products should be routinely sought as part of the history in transplant recipients.     

肾混合性上皮和间质肿瘤临床病理观察

目的探讨肾混合性上皮和间质肿瘤的临病理特点和免疫表型。方法对1例肾混合性上皮和间质肿瘤的临床、病理组织学及免疫表型进行观察并复习文献。结果患者女性，49岁，左腰部不适1年余。B超与CT检查均显示左肾下极实性肿物，行左侧肾切除术。大体见位于肾下极肿物18cm×12cm×8cm，切面呈黄白色结节状，与肾实质分界清，质韧。镜下肿瘤构成复杂。散在的微囊和小管内衬单层或复层立方上皮，区域形成粗大的乳头状结构。间质细胞密集区与稀疏区交替存在，细胞呈短梭形或卵圆形。上皮细胞CKpan和Vimentin（＋），间质细胞ER、PR、Actins和Desmin（＋）。结论肾混合性上皮和问质肿瘤是一种少见的良性肿瘤。组织学上以不等量增生的腺上皮和不同排列方式的梭形细胞问质成分混合构成为特征，是一种独立的肾疾病，手术切除预后良好。     

重组人生长激素降解产物的检测分析

本文详细介绍了Ｓ－Ｂ电导率模型确定泥质砂岩储层含水饱和度的基本原理以及相应参数的确定方法。用该方法处理了大庆地区的树１３１井、萨南５丁４－检１３２井及杏９丁３检１３４井的一些层位，并将求得的含水饱和度与岩心分析的含水饱和度进行了对比，吻合得比较好。这说明了应用Ｓ－Ｂ模型确定储层的含水饱和度是可行的，结果比较好。